Adaptive Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens in Response to Antibiotic Therapy

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 3155

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Interests: microevolution; antibiotic tolerance; antibiotic resistance; persister cells; pathogenesis; phage therapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bacterial pathogens have developed numerous methods to circumvent antibiotic therapy and cause long-term infections. In many instances, adaptations that occur during infection are pleiotropic and affect physiology, host-immune interactions, and pathogenesis.

Next-generation genome sequencing provides a technical platform to map and characterize adaptive mutations that are selected for during infection. The current Special Issue focuses on new mechanisms that alter treatment efficacy, immune responses, and/or bacterial virulence for the common nosocomial ‘ESKAPE’ pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp), as well as for less-typical pathogens that may infrequently cause long-term human disease.

Dr. David Robert Cameron
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Comparative genomics
  • functional genomics
  • microbial evolution
  • antibiotic resistance
  • pathogenesis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

6 pages, 872 KiB  
Communication
The Resistance to Host Antimicrobial Peptides in Infections Caused by Daptomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
by Md Saruar Bhuiyan, Jhih-Hang Jiang, Xenia Kostoulias, Ravali Theegala, Graham J. Lieschke and Anton Y. Peleg
Antibiotics 2021, 10(2), 96; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020096 - 20 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2636
Abstract
Daptomycin is an important antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The emergence of daptomycin resistance in S. aureus is associated with treatment failure and persistent infections with poor clinical outcomes. Here, we investigated host innate immune responses against [...] Read more.
Daptomycin is an important antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The emergence of daptomycin resistance in S. aureus is associated with treatment failure and persistent infections with poor clinical outcomes. Here, we investigated host innate immune responses against clinically derived, daptomycin-resistant (DAP-R) and -susceptible S. aureus paired isolates using a zebrafish infection model. We showed that the control of DAP-R S. aureus infections was attenuated in vivo due to cross-resistance to host cationic antimicrobial peptides. These data provide mechanistic understanding into persistent infections caused by DAP-R S. aureus and provide crucial insights into the adaptive evolution of this troublesome pathogen. Full article
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