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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Pathogenic Microorganisms and Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Disease
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Pathogenic Microorganisms and Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Disease

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 3400

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Angela Quirino

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Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Unit, “Magna Graecia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: antibiotic resistance; infectious disease; pathogenic mechanisms; bacteriology; virology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Grazia Pavia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: antibiotic resistance; infectious disease; pathogenic molecular mechanisms; bacteriology; virology; antiviral resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nadia Marascio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Unit, “Magna Graecia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: clinical virology; viral pathogenesis; HCV drug resistance; classic and molecular epidemiology; micro-biome and metagenome analysis; infectious diseases; microbiology; viral hepatitis; HIV; antibiotic re-sistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The management of patients with infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms is the greatest healthcare challenge of the 21st century. The impaired application of antibiotics and invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have led to the development of resistance, mainly in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Their inbuilt capacity to find new mechanisms via which to resist treatments and to swap genetic material with each other has made antimicrobial resistance (AMR) an impending health-related threat for millions of people worldwide. Despite the considerable development of novel antibiotics, only a limited number of novel drugs are currently being designed. The spread of MDR and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains has prompted clinicians to explore alternative therapeutic strategies against infections that offer a more targeted approach to treatment and are associated with a reduced susceptibility to resistance. An enhanced understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of AMR should hopefully lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for "difficult-to-treat" infections and to the development of antimicrobial drugs that offer the greatest spectrum of activity while possessing the lowest chance of resistance.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of manuscripts that offer insights into the surveillance, epidemiology, genomics of antimicrobial resistance genes, novel antimicrobial stewardship approaches in the critically ill patient population and stewardship strategies employing novel antimicrobial therapies.

Dr. Angela Quirino
Dr. Grazia Pavia
Dr. Nadia Marascio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • pathogenic mechanisms
  • multidrug-resistant microorganisms
  • antimicrobial drugs
  • innovative therapeutic strategies

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1711 KiB  
Article
Murepavadin Enhances the Killing Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Inhibiting Drug Efflux
by Xiaoya Wei, Dandan Zhou, Congjuan Xu, Ping Chen, Shuiping Chen, Zhihui Cheng, Yongxin Jin, Shouguang Jin and Weihui Wu
Antibiotics 2024, 13(9), 810; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090810 - 26 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1262
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogen and one of the leading causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia and infections in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. Murepavadin is a peptidomimetic that specifically targets outer-membrane lipopolysaccharide transport protein LptD of P. aeruginosa [...] Read more.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogen and one of the leading causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia and infections in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. Murepavadin is a peptidomimetic that specifically targets outer-membrane lipopolysaccharide transport protein LptD of P. aeruginosa. In this study, we find that murepavadin enhances the bactericidal efficacy of ciprofloxacin. We further demonstrate that murepavadin increases intracellular accumulation of ciprofloxacin by suppressing drug efflux. In addition, the murepavadin–ciprofloxacin combination exhibits a synergistic bactericidal effect in an acute murine pneumonia model. In conclusion, our results identify an effective drug combination for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenic Microorganisms and Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Disease)
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15 pages, 301 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Colonization with Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Results of a 5-Year Active Surveillance in Patients Attending a Teaching Hospital
by Angela Quirino, Claudia Cicino, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Nadia Marascio, Gianfranco Di Gennaro, Giovanni Matera, Francesca Licata and Aida Bianco
Antibiotics 2023, 12(10), 1525; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12101525 - 10 Oct 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1641
Abstract
Combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires comprehensive efforts, such as screening to identify patients colonized by multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDROs). The primary purpose of this study was to estimate the AMR pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from nasal surveillance swabs and MDROs isolated [...] Read more.
Combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires comprehensive efforts, such as screening to identify patients colonized by multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDROs). The primary purpose of this study was to estimate the AMR pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from nasal surveillance swabs and MDROs isolated from pharyngeal and rectal surveillance swabs in patients attending a teaching hospital. Data were sought retrospectively, from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021, from the records produced by the hospital microbiology laboratory. Duplicate isolates, defined as additional isolates of the same microorganism with identical antibiograms, were excluded. Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from nasal swabs, 18.2% were oxacillin-resistant. Among Gram-negative bacteria, 39.8% of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 83.5% of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were carbapenem-resistant. Resistance to three antibiotic categories was high among Acinetobacter baumannii (85.8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (42.4%). The present data highlight a high prevalence of MDRO colonization among patients admitted to the hospital and suggest that screening for MDROs could be an important tool for infection control purposes, especially in geographical areas where limiting the spread of MDROs is crucial. The results also underline the importance of active surveillance, especially for carbapenem-resistant, Gram-negative bacteria in reducing their transmission, especially in high-risk units. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenic Microorganisms and Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Disease)
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