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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Epidemiology, Antifungal Resistance and Therapy in Fungal Infection
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Epidemiology, Antifungal Resistance and Therapy in Fungal Infection

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2837

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eduardo Alvarez Duarte

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Guest Editor
Unidad de Micologìa, Programa de microbiología y micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Interests: antifungal resistance; taxonomy; phylogeny
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Valentina Salas

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Guest Editor
Laboratorio Referencia Micología Médica, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Región Metropolitana, Chile
Interests: epidemiology; antifungal resistance; yeast infections; candidemia
Prof. Dr. Paulo Murilo Neufeld

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Interests: dermatophyte infection; invasive candida infection; antifungal susceptibility; antimicrobial activity of plant-drived products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungal infections have been increasing globally. Many of them are becoming a serious threat to human life, either because of intrinsic resistance, acquired resistance, difficult access to mycological diagnosis or lack of knowledge of the aetiological agents in a given region. Several of the above-mentioned factors were taken into account to elaborate the WHO list of fungal pathogens of importance published in 2022. This list classified fungi into critical, high and medium priority. Given the above, we believe it is important to provide data on the epidemiology and antifungal resistance/therapy on a global level. Hence, we cordially invite you all to contribute your articles to this Special Issue.

Dr. Eduardo Alvarez Duarte
Dr. Valentina Salas
Prof. Dr. Paulo Murilo Neufeld
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • epidemiology
  • antifungal agents
  • antifungal treatment
  • echinocandins
  • fluconazole
  • fungemia
  • microsatellite genotyping
  • yeast
  • antifungal resistance
  • aspergillosis
  • azole

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 288 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Etest and MICRONAUT-AM Assay for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida auris: Underestimation of Fluconazole Resistance by MICRONAUT-AM and Overestimation of Amphotericin B Resistance by Etest
by Mohammad Asadzadeh, Suhail Ahmad, Wadha Alfouzan, Inaam Al-Obaid, Bram Spruijtenburg, Eelco F. J. Meijer, Jacques F. Meis and Eiman Mokaddas
Antibiotics 2024, 13(9), 840; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090840 - 4 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1130
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Candida auris has recently caused major outbreaks in healthcare facilities. Rapid and accurate antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) of C. auris is crucial for proper management of invasive infections. The Commercial Sensititre Yeast One and Vitek 2 methods underestimate or overestimate the resistance [...] Read more.
Multidrug-resistant Candida auris has recently caused major outbreaks in healthcare facilities. Rapid and accurate antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) of C. auris is crucial for proper management of invasive infections. The Commercial Sensititre Yeast One and Vitek 2 methods underestimate or overestimate the resistance of C. auris to fluconazole and amphotericin B (AMB). This study evaluated the AST results of C. auris against fluconazole and AMB by gradient-MIC-strip (Etest) and broth microdilution-based MICRONAUT-AM-EUCAST (MCN-AM) assays. Clinical C. auris isolates (n = 121) identified by phenotypic and molecular methods were tested. Essential agreement (EA, ±1 two-fold dilution) between the two methods and categorical agreement (CA) based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) tentative resistance breakpoints were determined. Fluconazole resistance-associated mutations were detected by PCR-sequencing of ERG11. All isolates identified as C. auris belonged to South Asian clade I and contained the ERG11 Y132F or K143R mutation. The Etest–MCN-AM EA was poor (33%) for fluconazole and moderate (76%) for AMB. The CA for fluconazole was higher (94.2%, 7 discrepancies) than for AMB (91.7%, 10 discrepancies). Discrepancies were reduced when an MCN-AM upper-limit value of 4 µg/mL for fluconazole-susceptible C. auris and an Etest upper-limit value of 8 µg/mL for the wild type for AMB were used. Our data show that resistance to fluconazole was underestimated by MCN-AM, while resistance to AMB was overestimated by Etest when using the CDC’s tentative resistance breakpoints of ≥32 µg/mL for fluconazole and ≥2 µg/mL for AMB. Method-specific resistance breakpoints should be devised for accurate AST of clinical C. auris isolates for proper patient management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology, Antifungal Resistance and Therapy in Fungal Infection)
15 pages, 2765 KiB  
Article
A Study of Metabolites from Basidiomycota and Their Activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
by Marco Clericuzio, Giorgia Novello, Mattia Bivona, Elisa Gamalero, Elisa Bona, Alice Caramaschi, Nadia Massa, Alberto Asteggiano and Claudio Medana
Antibiotics 2024, 13(4), 326; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13040326 - 3 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1299
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes research aimed at developing new drugs from natural compounds. Fungi are important producers of bioactive molecules, and they are often effective against other fungi and/or bacteria and are thus a potential source of new antibiotics. Basidiomycota crude [...] Read more.
The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes research aimed at developing new drugs from natural compounds. Fungi are important producers of bioactive molecules, and they are often effective against other fungi and/or bacteria and are thus a potential source of new antibiotics. Basidiomycota crude extracts, which have previously been proven to be active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, were subjected to liquid chromatographic separation by RP-18, leading to six macro-fractions for each fungal extract. The various fractions were tested for their bioactivities against P. aeruginosa ATCC27853, and ten of them were characterized by HPLC-HRMS and NMR. Further chromatographic separations were performed for a few selected macro-fractions, yielding seven pure compounds. Bioactivity was mainly found in the lipophilic fractions containing fatty acids and their derivatives, such as hydroxy or keto C-18 unsaturated acids, and in various complex lipids, such as glycolipids and related compounds. More hydrophilic molecules, such as GABA, phenethylamine, two chromogenic anthraquinoids and pistillarin, were also isolated, and their antibacterial activities were recorded. The novelties of this research are as follows: (i) the genera Cortinarius and Mycena have never been investigated before for the synthesis of antibiotic compounds; (ii) the molecules produced by these genera are known, but their production has never been reported in the investigated fungi; (iii) the determination of bacterial siderophore synthesis inhibition by certain compounds from Cortinarius and Mycena. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology, Antifungal Resistance and Therapy in Fungal Infection)
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