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ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Volume 14, Issue 9

2025 September - 47 articles

Cover Story: Cities worldwide are building semantic 3D city models as foundations for digital twins. Yet, the potential of these models is rarely fully utilized in the urban planning process, where the models e.g., could be used as input for critical urban simulations such as noise, flooding and daylight. One reason the 3D city models are not used as input is that they often lack proper land cover and elevation data. This study presents a method to integrate land cover and elevation data and demonstrates the entire workflow from creating land cover data, extending CityGML with an ADE, storing the data in a database (3DCityDB) and creating a 3D visualization (Unreal engine). Land cover data are stored in the CityGML modules Transportation, Vegetation, WaterBody, CityFurniture and LandUse in 2.5D/3D and are combined to create a land cover partition. View this paper
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Articles (47)

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,442 Views
26 Pages

With the growing emphasis on running in urban health initiatives, understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of running behavior has become essential for smart city development. This study harnesses multi-source big data—including running trajec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,725 Views
29 Pages

BFRDNet: A UAV Image Object Detection Method Based on a Backbone Feature Reuse Detection Network

  • Liming Zhou,
  • Jiakang Yang,
  • Yuanfei Xie,
  • Guochong Zhang and ,
  • Cheng Liu and
  • Yang Liu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image object detection has become an increasingly important research area in computer vision. However, the variable target shapes and complex environments make it difficult for the model to fully exploit its features. In...

(This article belongs to the Topic State-of-the-Art Object Detection, Tracking, and Recognition Techniques)
  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,968 Views
23 Pages

Nav-YOLO: A Lightweight and Efficient Object Detection Model for Real-Time Indoor Navigation on Mobile Platforms

  • Cheng Su,
  • Litao Zhu,
  • Wen Dai,
  • Jin Zhou and ,
  • Jialiang Wang,
  • Yucheng Mao and
  • Jiangbing Sun
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Precise object detection is fundamental to robust indoor navigation and localization. However, the practical deployment of deep learning-based detectors on mobile platforms is frequently impeded by their extensive parameter counts, substantial comput...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Indoor Mobile Mapping and Location-Based Knowledge Services)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,829 Views
36 Pages

Allotment—the division of Native American reservations into individually-owned plots of land—has been extensively studied; yet there exists a paucity of reservation-level studies at granular geospatial scales, i.e., at the level of examin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,766 Views
27 Pages

Clarifying how the community-scale built environment shapes the spatial heterogeneity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence is essential for precision urban health interventions. We integrated CVD prevalence data from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue HealthScape: Intersections of Health, Environment, and GIS&T (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,255 Views
19 Pages

In recent years, the rapid expansion of urban rail transit has significantly improved travel efficiency, yet it has also exacerbated spatial inequality in service coverage. Accessibility, as a fundamental metric for evaluating the equity of service d...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,830 Views
20 Pages

Vessel Traffic Density Prediction: A Federated Learning Approach

  • Amin Khodamoradi,
  • Paulo Alves Figueiras,
  • André Grilo,
  • Luis Lourenço and ,
  • Bruno Rêga,
  • Carlos Agostinho,
  • Ruben Costa and
  • Ricardo Jardim-Gonçalves
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Maritime safety, environmental protection, and efficient traffic management increasingly rely on data-driven technologies. However, leveraging Automatic Identification System (AIS) data for predictive modelling faces two major challenges: the massive...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,710 Views
22 Pages

Based on provincial panel data from 2014 to 2023, this study employs the entropy weight method to construct an indicator system for measuring the logistical resilience of regions along China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The Dagum Gini coef...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,522 Views
31 Pages

Cross-Domain Travel Mode Detection for Electric Micro-Mobility Using Semi-Supervised Learning

  • Eldar Lev-Ran,
  • Mirosława Łukawska,
  • Valentino Servizi and
  • Sagi Dalyot

Electric micro-mobility modes, such as e-scooters and e-bikes, are increasingly used in urban areas, posing challenges for accurate travel mode detection in mobility studies. Traditional supervised learning approaches require large labeled datasets,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,666 Views
25 Pages

Evaluating UAV Flight Parameters for High-Accuracy in Road Accident Scene Documentation: A Planimetric Assessment Under Simulated Roadway Conditions

  • Thanakorn Phojaem,
  • Adisorn Dangbut,
  • Panuwat Wisutwattanasak,
  • Thananya Janhuaton and ,
  • Thanapong Champahom,
  • Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha and
  • Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly valuable for accident scene reconstruction and forensic surveying due to their flexibility and ability to capture high-resolution imagery. This study investigates the impact of flight altitude,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,071 Views
25 Pages

Assessment of Land Degradation in the State of Maranhão to Support Sustainable Development Goal 15.3.1 in the Agricultural Frontier of MATOPIBA, Brazil

  • Antonia Mara Nascimento Gomes,
  • Andreza Maciel de Sousa,
  • Marcus Willame Lopes Carvalho,
  • Washington da Silva Sousa and ,
  • Marcos Vinícius da Silva,
  • Gustavo André de Araújo Santos,
  • Aldair de Souza Medeiros,
  • Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva,
  • José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior and
  • Nítalo André Farias Machado
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

Globally, land degradation represents both an environmental and socioeconomic challenge, necessitating continuous monitoring due to its impacts on ecosystem services. Given the substantial changes in land use and land cover in Maranhão, this s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Remote Sensing and GIS for Natural Hazards Monitoring and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,340 Views
22 Pages

As the spatial carrier, the high-quality development of land complements the high-quality development of the economy and society. Imbalanced land use severely restricts regional high-quality development. This study uses panel data from 110 cities at...

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainable Development and Coordinated Governance of Urban and Rural Areas Under the Guidance of Ecological Wisdom—2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,472 Views
16 Pages

This paper defines the term “graffiti” and outlines the origins of this concept. The terminological arrangement allowed for the subject of this research, i.e., illegal graffiti, to be situated in reality, i.e., an urban space. It was assu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,147 Views
20 Pages

Urban and territorial development increasingly threatens the preservation of architectural heritage, often leading to degradation or loss. Many historic architectural works, once integral to community identity, now face the impacts of time and neglec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,160 Views
19 Pages

Advanced Division of Search Areas for Missing Persons in Non-Urban Environments

  • Kateřina Růžičková,
  • Jan Růžička,
  • Kateřina Skřejpková,
  • Helena Chaloupková and
  • Ivona Svobodová

Dividing large areas into smaller sub-areas is a common practice across many disciplines, with specific requirements determined by their intended use. This study focuses on preparing search sectors for locating missing persons in non-urban environmen...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of Algorithms in Risk Assessment and Evaluation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,112 Views
26 Pages

With rapid urbanization and increasing emphasis on sustainable mobility, slow-moving traffic systems, including pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, have become critical to urban transportation and quality of life. Conventional assessment methods a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,921 Views
38 Pages

Mapping lithology in areas with dense vegetation remains a major challenge for remote sensing, as plant cover tends to obscure the spectral signatures of underlying rock formations. This study tackles that issue by comparing the performance of three...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Remote Sensing and GIS for Natural Hazards Monitoring and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,922 Views
25 Pages

As the world’s most populous and geographically diverse continent, active fire occurrence in Asia exhibits pronounced spatiotemporal heterogeneity, driven by climactic and anthropogenic factors. However, systematic analyses of Asian fire occurr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Remote Sensing and GIS for Natural Hazards Monitoring and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,285 Views
21 Pages

Urban green space, a vital part of urban ecosystems, offers inhabitants essential ecosystem services, and ensuring its fair distribution is essential to preserving their ecological well-being. This study uses Kaifeng City in Henan Province as the res...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,882 Views
28 Pages

In modern urban planning, the problem of bank location requires not only considering geographical factors but also integrating competitive elements to optimize resource allocation and enhance market competitiveness. This study addresses the multi-siz...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,840 Views
35 Pages

Geological Disaster Risk Assessment Under Extreme Precipitation Conditions in the Ili River Basin

  • Xinxu Li,
  • Jinghui Liu,
  • Zhiyong Zhang,
  • Xushan Yuan and ,
  • Yanmin Li and
  • Zixuan Wang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Geological Disasters (Geo-disasters) are common in the Ili River Basin, with extreme precipitation being a major triggering factor. As the frequency and intensity of these events increase, the associated risks also rise. This study proposes a hazard...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Remote Sensing and GIS for Natural Hazards Monitoring and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,890 Views
22 Pages

Ship trajectory prediction plays an important role in numerous maritime applications and services. With the development of deep learning technology, the deep learning prediction method based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data has become on...

(This article belongs to the Topic Artificial Intelligence Models, Tools and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,465 Views
17 Pages

A Spatial Analysis of the Association Between Urban Heat and Coronary Heart Disease

  • Kyle Lucas,
  • Ben Dewitt,
  • Donald J. Biddle and
  • Charlie H. Zhang

Heart disease remains the leading cause of death in both the United States and globally. Urban heat is increasingly recognized as a significant public health challenge, particularly in its connection to cardiovascular conditions. This study, conducte...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue HealthScape: Intersections of Health, Environment, and GIS&T (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,688 Views
34 Pages

Toponym groups are fundamental units of quantitative spatial analysis of toponyms. Using suitable technical methods to investigate the spatial distribution and co-occurrence characteristics of these groups has significant implications for identifying...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,119 Views
27 Pages

This study develops an open, reproducible geospatial workflow to identify high-potential retail locations across Germany using a 1 km census grid and OpenStreetMap points of interest. It combines multi-criteria suitability modelling with spatial auto...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,276 Views
18 Pages

The Integrated Choice and Latent Variable (ICLV) model has been widely applied in travel behavior studies, yet its use in understanding pedestrian route choice remains very limited. This paper seeks to address this gap by analyzing data from a series...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5,023 Views
27 Pages

Proportional symbol maps are a frequently used method of thematic cartography. Using an intuitive principle—the larger, the more—provides a simple and precise way of visualizing quantity in maps using geographic information systems (GIS)....

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,135 Views
20 Pages

Landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) faces persistent challenges in defining representative stable samples as conventional random selection often includes unstable areas, introducing spatial bias and compromising model accuracy. To address this, we...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of Algorithms in Risk Assessment and Evaluation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,743 Views
24 Pages

Urban livability and sustainability are increasingly studied at the neighborhood scale, where built, social, and governance conditions shape residents’ everyday experiences. Yet existing assessment frameworks often fail to integrate subjective...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Information for Improved Living Spaces)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,676 Views
22 Pages

To achieve the objective of a “15 min living circle” for educational services, this study develops an integrated method for primary school site selection in Tianjin, China, by combining multi-source data and ensemble learning techniques....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Information for Improved Living Spaces)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
9,034 Views
16 Pages

Nowadays, various technologies exist with differing rendering performance for interactive web maps. These maps are consumed on devices with varying capabilities; therefore, choosing the best-performing library for a dataset is emphasized. Unlike exis...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cartography and Geovisual Analytics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,400 Views
16 Pages

Application of 3D Ray Tracing for Water Surface Visibility Analysis

  • Rafał Wróżyński,
  • Magdalena Wróżyńska and
  • Krzysztof Pyszny

Visibility of the sea plays a significant role in shaping spatial perception, property value, and planning decisions in coastal areas. While traditional GIS-based viewshed analysis provides useful tools for modeling visibility, it remains limited by...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,629 Views
16 Pages

This study examines how hotel characteristics and urban spatial context influence tourist satisfaction in Seoul, South Korea, by integrating sentiment analysis of online reviews with regression modeling. Drawing on 4500 TripAdvisor reviews from 75 ho...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,390 Views
41 Pages

As bike-sharing systems become increasingly integral to sustainable urban mobility, understanding their economic viability requires moving beyond conventional linear models to capture complex operational dynamics. This study develops an interpretable...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,692 Views
16 Pages

Traffic violations, the primary cause of road accidents, threaten public safety by disrupting traffic flow and causing substantial casualties and economic losses. Accurate spatiotemporal prediction of violations offers critical insights for proactive...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,257 Views
23 Pages

Spatial co-location patterns are used to describe the spatial associations between features, finding wide applications in geographic information systems, urban planning, and other fields. Traditional frameworks for mining spatial features typically c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,802 Views
26 Pages

Assessing the Available Landslide Susceptibility Map and Inventory for the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Potentials and Challenges for Data-Driven Applications

  • Pedro Henrique Muniz Lima,
  • Luiz Carlos Teixeira Coelho,
  • Guilherme Damasceno Raposo,
  • Irving da Silva Badolato and ,
  • Raquel Batista Medeiros da Fonseca,
  • Sonia Maria Lima Silva and
  • Jonatas Goulart Marinho Falcão
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

This study presents an initial evaluation of the heuristic landslide susceptibility map for the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro by comparing it with the official landslide inventory. The objective is to provide a first analysis of the accuracy of the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Remote Sensing and GIS for Natural Hazards Monitoring and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,544 Views
22 Pages

Continental ecosystems are crucial constituents of the worldwide carbon process, and their carbon source and sink processes are highly sensitive to human-induced climate change. However, the spatiotemporal changes and principal determinants of carbon...

(This article belongs to the Topic Dynamic Monitoring and Estimation of Coastal Wetland Blue Carbon Ecosystems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,682 Views
22 Pages

Representation of 3D Land Cover Data in Semantic City Models

  • Per-Ola Olsson,
  • Axel Andersson,
  • Matthew Calvert,
  • Axel Loreman and ,
  • Erik Lökholm,
  • Emma Martinsson,
  • Karolina Pantazatou,
  • Björn Svensson,
  • Alex Spielhaupter and
  • Lars Harrie
  • + 6 authors+ 1 author

A large number of cities have created semantic 3D city models, but these models are rarely used as input data for simulations, such as noise and flooding, in the urban planning process. Reasons for this are that many simulations require detailed land...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,208 Views
25 Pages

There is voluminous literature concerning the scope of topological relations that span various embedding spaces from R1 to R2, Z2 , S1 and S2 , and T2. In the case of the *1 spaces, those relations have been considered as conceptualizations of both s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,784 Views
27 Pages

In the context of the rapid development of e-commerce, the selection of optimal land plots for the construction of warehouse complexes that meet environmental, technical, and political requirements has become increasingly relevant. This task requires...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,133 Views
27 Pages

With the growing adoption of electric vehicles, optimizing the user experience of charging infrastructure has become critical. However, extracting actionable insights from the vast number of user reviews remains a significant challenge, impeding dema...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,846 Views
33 Pages

National Spatial Data Infrastructure as a Catalyst for Good Governance and Policy Improvements in Pakistan

  • Munir Ahmad,
  • Asmat Ali,
  • Muhammad Nawaz,
  • Farha Sattar and
  • Hammad Hussain

This study explores the potential of National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) to strengthen governance and policy processes in Pakistan. Drawing on the UNESCAP principles of good governance and the EGU policy cycle model, this research applies a d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
8,629 Views
16 Pages

The solar angle of incidence is the angle between the sunlight and the normal on the impact surface. The lower the angle of incidence, the more sun radiation the surface can absorb. There are several methods for calculating of this angle. Determining...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,203 Views
20 Pages

Dynamic Optimization of Emergency Infrastructure Layouts Based on Population Influx: A Macao Case Study

  • Zhen Wang,
  • Zheyu Wang,
  • On Kei Yeung,
  • Mengmeng Zheng and ,
  • Yitao Zhong and
  • Sanqing He
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

This study investigates the spatiotemporal optimization of small-scale emergency infrastructure in high-density urban environments, using nucleic acid testing sites in Macao as a case study. The objective is to enhance emergency responsiveness during...

(This article belongs to the Topic The Use of Big Data in Public Health Research and Practice)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,953 Views
21 Pages

Recent approaches to geo-referencing X posts have focused on the use of language modelling techniques that learn geographic region-specific language and use this to infer geographic coordinates from text. These approaches rely on large amounts of lab...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,398 Views
21 Pages

Urban Land Subsidence Analyzed Through Time-Series InSAR Coupled with Refined Risk Modeling: A Wuhan Case Study

  • Lv Zhou,
  • Liqi Liang,
  • Quanyu Chen,
  • Haotian He and ,
  • Hongming Li,
  • Jie Qin,
  • Fei Yang,
  • Xinyi Li and
  • Jie Bai
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

Due to extensive soft soil and high human activities, Wuhan is a hotspot for land subsidence. This study used the time-series InSAR to calculate the spatial and temporal distribution map of subsidence in Wuhan and analyze the causes of subsidence. An...

(This article belongs to the Topic Geotechnics for Hazard Mitigation, 2nd Edition)
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ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. - ISSN 2220-9964