Diagnostics, Volume 14, Issue 19

Objectives: Esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) is the gold standard for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders, but it may be poorly tolerated and unsuccessful. We sought to evaluate a protocol for sedation and endoscopy-assisted (SEA) HRM...

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most lethal cancers among women. Early detection and proper treatment reduce mortality rates. Histopathological images provide detailed information for diagnosing and staging breast cancer disease. Methods: The...

Background/Objectives: Surgical management of chronic lateral ankle instability has traditionally been performed using an open technique. Arthroscopic-assisted and all-arthroscopic techniques have gained popularity as they have achieved strong clinic...

Diabetes markedly increases susceptibility to adverse cardiovascular events, including heart failure (HF), leading to heightened morbidity and mortality rates. Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides (NPs), notably B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) an...

Introduction and objectives: Aortic valve replacement surgery (SAVR) remains a recommended indication, though its pre-surgical stratification is an ongoing challenge. Despite the widespread use of scores like the STS and EuroSCORE II, they have a num...

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a cardiac storage disease caused by the progressive extracellular deposition of misfolded proteins in the myocardium. Despite the increasing interest in this pathology, it remains an underdiagnosed condition. Non-invasive...

Background/Objectives: The diagnosis of encephalitis is a challenging problem due to the heterogeneity of clinical presentations. The objective was to determine the etiology, clinical features, laboratory parameters, radiological findings, and in-hos...

Background/Objectives: The diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represent a significant challenge in oral medicine. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) shows promise for evaluating oral tiss...

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive and often fatal fungal infection caused by molds of the order Mucorales, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals. This infection is notorious for its angioinvasive properties,...

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is highly aggressive primary hepatic malignancy with an increasing incidence. Objective: This study aimed to develop machine learning-based radiomic clustering using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) pos...

The correct diagnosis and early treatment of respiratory diseases can significantly improve the health status of patients, reduce healthcare expenses, and enhance quality of life. Therefore, there has been extensive interest in developing automatic r...

Hyperandrogenism is a determining diagnostic factor for PCOS. If pregnancy is conceived, it is considered high-risk due to several potential complications, but the correlation between pre-pregnancy androgen levels and obstetric outcomes is poorly cha...

Malformative uropathy in children is one of the most common pathological conditions, with an incidence of 5–14% in newborns. Recent research shows that even in the current conditions, they are often diagnosed only in the advanced stages, when C...

Background: Melanoma, or skin cancer, is a dangerous form of cancer that is the major cause of the demise of thousands of people around the world. Methods: In recent years, deep learning has become more popular for analyzing and detecting these medic...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by white matter demyelinating plaques, which can be classified as active, chronic active, or chronic inactive based on the extent of demyelination, cellularity, and inflammation. Microglia and macr...

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and various patient-related and technical factors in recombined contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) images. Material and Metho...

Background: Nodular fasciitis is a benign, singularly occurring nodular fibroblastic/myofibroblastic neoplasia. Due to the rapid growth and cellular atypia, this rare differential diagnosis in the head and neck region can be mistaken for malignant sa...

Machine learning (ML) has increasingly been utilized in healthcare to facilitate disease diagnosis and prediction. This study focuses on predicting Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through the development and comparison of ML models using Support Vecto...

Myocarditis is a condition marked by inflammation of the heart muscle, which can lead to serious outcomes such as sudden cardiac death (SCD) and life-threatening arrhythmias. While myocarditis can affect any population, athletes, especially those eng...

Background: High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most lethal of gynecological cancers in developed countries. It usually presents late with non-specific symptoms and most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with 5-year overall survival bei...

Background/Objectives: Lung and cardiovascular diseases are leading causes of mortality worldwide, yet early detection remains challenging due to the subtle symptoms. Digital clubbing, characterized by the bulbous enlargement of the fingertips, serve...

Background/Objectives: Covered self-expandable metallic stents (CSEMS) are commonly used to treat malignant distal biliary obstructions. A 10-mm CSEMS carries the risk of obstructing the pancreatic and cystic duct orifices by adhering to the bile duc...

Objectives: To evaluate the value of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) from photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) for discriminability of severe lung injury and atelectasis in polytraumatized patients. Materials & Methods: Contrast-enhanced PCD-C...

Objectives: This study analyzed the effect of different positions on pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function in women with and without stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: This study included women with (n = 17, research group) and without (n = 25,...

Background/Objectives: The superscan pattern is a characteristic finding on bone scintigraphy, associated with a variety of metabolic bone diseases, malignancies, and other conditions. This pattern is characterized by a diffuse and intense uptake of...

Objectives: This study aimed to identify radiologic features that differentiate lymphoma from metastasis manifesting as a solid enhancing mass lacking necrosis in the cerebellum. Methods: Pathologically confirmed 24 primary central nervous system lym...

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of cellular processes that underpin cancer development and progression. DRAIC is a migration inhibitor that has been linked with lung adenocarcinoma progression; however, its mechanisms re...

Background/Objectives: Static reference intervals (RIs) fail to capture the dynamic changes in bioanalytes. This study aimed to develop gender-based continuous age- and season-related RIs for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) using real-world data and to...

Background: The reproductive age of women is particularly vulnerable to the effects of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). High levels of testosterone and other male hormones are frequent contributors to PCOS. It is believed that miscarriages and ovu...

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is essential for diagnosing various disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Traditionally, CSF cell count analysis is performed manually using a Neubauer chamber hemocytometer, which is lab...

To ensure the quality of their analyses, medical laboratories carry out internal quality control (IQC) on a daily basis. IQC involves control samples with known target values for all parameters used by a laboratory in clinical practice. The use of IQ...

Introduction: Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) represents a life-threatening medical emergency. One-third of ASUC patients are steroid non-responders. Our study aimed to create a new ASUC algorithm to predict corticosteroid response in the earl...

Background: It is important to highlight the advantages of ultrasound in assessing muscular and tendinous behavior due to its non-invasive nature and capacity for dynamic studies. However, evaluating tendons via ultrasound can be challenging given th...

Objectives: This study aims to investigate MRI features predicting the grade of STS malignancy using conventional image reading and radiomics. Methods: Pretherapeutic imaging data regarding size, tissue heterogeneity, peritumoral changes, necrosis, h...

Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum) is considered to be one of the most extensively spread dysmorphic fungi worldwide. Histoplasmosis primarily impacts patients with weakened immune systems and can result in a diverse range of clinical manifestati...

While point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is broadly perceived as having value in intravascular volume status assessment, this has not been borne out in large-scale meta-analyses containing heterogenous populations of acu...

Background: Craniofacial clefts can form a significant defect within bone and cartilage, which can negatively affect tissue homeostasis and the remodeling process. Multiple proteins can affect supportive tissue growth, while also regulating local imm...

Background and Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative blood transfusions in correcting anemia for pediatric patients with congenital malformations (CMs) versus those with acute abdomen (AA) conditions. The...

Objectives: To determine the effect of short-term metformin administration on follicular fluid (FF) total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) in women with clomiphene c...

Background/Objectives: Nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs are commonly used for detecting respiratory viruses, including influenza, which significantly alters host cell metabolites. This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to identify biomark...

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of carotid artery compression using a point-of-care ultrasound probe (POCUS-CAC) in reducing pulse check times and facilitating the detection of the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardi...

Background/Objectives: High breast density is a risk factor for breast cancer and can reduce the sensitivity of mammography. Given the influence of breast density on patient risk stratification and screening accuracy, it is crucial to monitor the pre...

MiRNAs have been reported as biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive value for many different diseases. Therapeutic agents targeting some miRNAs are currently being developed. We aimed to compare BC-NEFs (carcinoma of the breast with n...

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer. While most melanomas have a discernible primary site, a small subset, approximately 3.2%, present as a metastatic disease without an identifiable primary origin, a condition known as melano...

Background: The coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent for COVID-19, first registered in Wuhan, China and responsible for more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Currently, RT-PCR is the gold-standard method for diagnosing COVID-19. However, s...

Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are often immobilized and on mechanical ventilation, placing them at increased risk for thromboembolic diseases, particularly deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and, to a lesser extent, pulmonary embol...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic conditions in the world [...]

Background: medical teams continue to face challenges with infections following hip replacement surgery, whether they occur shortly after the procedure or months or years later. Certain medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and obes...

Background/Objectives: Our aim was to validate the performance of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), published in 2023, in an APS cohort....

Background/Objectives: Cerebrovascular events, such as strokes, are often preceded by the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries. This work introduces a novel approach to predict the occurrence of such events by integrating comput...