Symmetry, Volume 15, Issue 9

We review several variants of three-dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED${}_3$) with $N_f$ fermion (or boson) flavors, including fermionic (or spinorial) QED${}_3$, bosonic (or scalar) QED${}_3$, $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric QED and also models of reduced QED (supersymmetri...

In this study, we first generalize the Lorentzian inner and vector products, and then we define the generalized split quaternions by means of the generalized Lorentzian inner and vector products. Next, on any hyperboloid of one or two sheets, which i...

Following the discovery of an artificial protein cage with a paradoxical geometry, we extend the concept of homogeneous symmetric congruent equivalent near-miss polyhedral cages, for which all the faces are equivalent, and define bi-homogeneous symme...

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are a newly emerged class of porous materials consisting of organic building blocks linked by strong covalent bonds. The physical and chemical properties of COFs, i.e., modularity, porosity, well-developed specific...

Supercritical CO₂ phase change fracturing technology has been widely used in rock engineering, with the advantages of low disturbance and no pollution. However, the phase change shock wave inevitably affects the surrounding environment, and the influ...

The influence of Ar + SiH₄ + O₂ plasma formulation on the phase composition and optical properties of amorphous SiO_x films with silicon nanoclusters obtained using PECVD with DC discharge modulation was studied. Using a unique technique of ultrasoft...

Differentiated production and supply chain management (SCM) areas benefit from the IoT, Big Data, and the data-management capabilities of the AI paradigm. Many businesses have wondered how the arrival of AI will affect planning, organization, optimiz...

Let $G\left(R\right)$ be the unit graph associated with a ring R. Let p be a prime number and let R be a finite ring of order p or $p^2$ and be one of the rings ${\mathbb{Z}}_p,{\mathbb{Z}}_{p^2},GF\left(p^2\right),{\mathbb{Z}}_p(+){\mathbb{Z}}_p$ or ${\mathbb{Z}}_p\times {\mathbb{Z}}_p$. We determine the geodetic number $g\left(G\right(R\left)\right)$ associated with each such...

The fundamental unit for comprehending the physicochemical properties of water, the Zundel cation configuration H₅O₂⁺, has yet to be exhaustively evaluated in terms of its interaction with terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves, characterized by sub-p...

This paper discusses some properties of complex-valued fuzzy metric spaces and introduces the $\alpha$-admissible mappings in the setting of complex-valued fuzzy metric spaces. We establish fixed point theorems for mappings satisfying symmetric contra...

Sample range and the associated functions such as survival function and mean residual life function have found many important applications in the reliability field. In this work, we establish some results that are in two different directions. In the...

This paper introduces N-hypersoft (N-HS) sets—an enriched and versatile extension of hypersoft (HS) sets—designed to handle evaluations involving both binary and non-binary data while embodying an inherent sense of structural symmetry. Th...

Nanotechnology is well-known for its versatile and general thermal transport disciplines, which are used in semiconductors, spacecraft, bioengineering, functional electronics, and biosensors. As a result, process optimization has attracted the intere...

The Ras/cAMP/PKA pathway regulates responses to nutrients’ availability and stress in budding yeast. The cAMP levels are subjected to negative feedback, and we have previously simulated a dynamic model of this pathway suggesting the existence o...

The two-dimensional instability of a horizontal layer of boiling liquid with a finite height was experimentally studied. In this layer, “vapor columns” rose at the corners of a square rectangular grid, and the symmetry of “vapor col...

A series of rhenium compounds with the octahedral cluster core {Re₆S_8-xBr_x} (x = 0–4): with molecular and polymeric structure were obtained. In these compounds the cluster core composition varies monotonically, the geometry of the cluster and t...

In this paper, we introduce the notion of extended S-metric space of type $\left(\alpha ,\beta \right)$. This extension is a generalization of S-metric space, defined by employing two functions instead of considering a constant in the second condition of the S-me...

The purpose of this paper was to define a new class of close-to-convex function, denoted by $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{V}\left(\delta ,\alpha \right)$, which is a subclass of all functions that are univalent in $\mathbb{D}$ and have positive coefficients normalized by the conditions $f\left(0\right)=0, \&nb$...

Distantly supervised relation extraction (DSRE) utilizes an external knowledge base to automatically label a corpus, which inevitably leads to the problem of mislabeling. Existing approaches utilize BERT to provide instances and relation embeddings t...

Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (D$\chi$SB) in quantum chromo dynamics (QCD) for light quarks is an indispensable concept for understanding hadron physics, i.e., the spectrum and the structure of hadrons. In functional approaches to QCD, the respec...

In this paper, the concept of symmetry is utilized in the promising trajectory-following control design of autonomous ground electric vehicles—that is, the construction and the solution of active disturbance rejection controllers are symmetrica...

The discussion revolves around the most recent outcomes in the realm of approximating functional integrals through calculations. Review of works devoted to the application of functional integrals in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, nuclear...

The interplays between topology and algebraic geometry present a set of interesting properties. In this paper, we comprehensively revisit the Bézout theorem in terms of topology, and we present a topological proof of the theorem considering n-...

Although reversible data hiding technology is widely used, it still faces several challenges and issues. These include ensuring the security and reliability of embedded secret data, improving the embedding capacity, and maintaining the quality of med...

Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) are widely used tools in ocean development, which can be applied in areas such as marine scientific research, ocean resources exploration, and ocean security. However, as ocean exploration advances, UUVs face increa...

In this article, we mainly consider the dynamic analysis of a stochastic infectious disease model with negative feedback, a symmetric and compatible distribution family. Based on the sir epidemic model taking into account the isolation (y) and the de...

In many research fields, statistical probability models are often used to analyze real-world data. However, data from many fields, such as the environment, economics, and health care, do not necessarily fit traditional models. New empirical models ne...

In manufacturing sectors, product performance evaluation is crucial. The lifetime performance index, denoted as $C_L$, is widely used in product evaluation, where L signifies the lower specification limit. This study aims to refine the estimation of $C_L$...

We use the Clayton and Frank copulas and the exponentiated odd log-logistic family to define a new flexible bivariate model to fit bimodal and asymmetry data. The copulas allow different distributions for the response variable, thus making analysis m...

Transparent single crystals of a new iodate Cs₅[Sc₂(IO₃)₉](IO₃)₂ were synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. X-ray diffraction of single crystal was used to determine the large crystal structure with 52 independent atoms, sp. gr. P2₁/c. The...

The field of inspection for welded structures is currently in a state of rapid transformation driven by a convergence of global technological, regulatory, and economic factors. This evolution is propelled by several key drivers, including the introdu...

In Petri net unfolding, according to the strategies of breadth first and depth first, the biggest problem lies in the potential explosion of the state space. Unfolding generates either accessible trees or branch processes. Making marking reduction or...

Background: Correct movement techniques are crucial for enhancing athletic performance and minimizing the risk of injury. This is particularly true for kickboxing, in which a variety of forms of locomotion are employed. Despite its importance, gait a...

Whooping cough, or pertussis, is an infectious disease that causes serious threats to people of all ages, specifically to infant and young children, all over the world. Due to the severe impact on health, it is necessary to construct a mathematical m...

Based on corporate financial data for almost all companies listed on the Prime Market of the Tokyo Stock Exchange in fiscal year 2021, we gradually refine a model to explain firms’ sales by the number of employees and total assets. Starting fro...

For a hundred years, general relativity has been the best theory to describe gravity and space–time and has successfully explained many physical phenomena. At the same time, quantum mechanics provides the most accurate description of the micros...

In the present paper, we discuss a nonlocal modification of the Kerr metric. Our starting point is the Kerr–Schild form of the Kerr metric $g_{\mu \nu }={\eta }_{\mu \nu }+\Phi l_{\mu }{l}_{\mu }$. Using Newman’s approach, we identify a shear free null con...

In this paper, we present a theoretical scheme for the generation and manipulation of bipartite atom–atom entanglement in a dissipative optomechanical system containing two atoms in the presence of linear and nonlinear (quadratic) couplings. To...

Accurate calculation of the electromagnetic force distribution of transformer windings under different loads and fault conditions is of great significance for transformer maintenance, condition evaluation and life prediction. Due to the influence of...

Symmetry has long been viewed as a feature of objects that facilitates ease of perception. Three experiments investigated 4- to 5-month-old infants’ detection and processing of vertical symmetry, oblique symmetry, and asymmetry in novel pattern...

With the progress of the eras and the development of science and technology, the requirements of device-to-device (D2D) connectivity increased rapidly. As one important service in future systems, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) has a...

In this study, a hybrid method based on the marine predators algorithm (MPA) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is presented to identify nonlinear systems exhibiting symmetrical or asymmetrical behavior. In other words, the antecedent...

For $p\in {\mathbb{N}}^{*}$, let ${\Sigma }_p$ denote the class of meromorphic p-valent functions. We consider an operator for meromorphic functions denoted by $T_b^n$, which generalizes some previously studied operators. We introduce some new subclasses of the class ${\&Sigm}_{}$...

The coupled Burgers’ equation is a fundamental partial differential equation with applications in various scientific fields. Finding accurate solutions to this equation is crucial for understanding physical phenomena and mathematical models. Wh...

In this publication, we establish a suitable symmetry structure for orthogonal $(\alpha -\mathfrak{y}-\mathbb{G})$-contractive mappings and prove fixed point results for an orthogonal $(\alpha -\mathfrak{y}-\mathbb{G})$-contractive via orthogonal metric spaces. We give an application to strengthen our mai...

Convolution operators have profited in various areas of science. They are utilized in the investigations of computing techniques. A new convolution operator linked to a specific class of multi-valent meromorphic functions in the punctured unit disk (...

Precise knowledge of such fundamental quantity as the proton charge radius r_p is extremely important both for the quantum chromodynamics (for quark-gluon structure) and for atomic physics (for atomic hydrogen spectroscopy). Yet the ambiguity in measu...

The telegraph equation is a hyperbolic partial differential equation that has many applications in symmetric and asymmetric problems. In this paper, the solution of the time-fractional telegraph equation is obtained using a hybrid method. The numeric...

This paper investigates the existence and uniqueness of implicit solutions in a coupled symmetry system of hybrid fractional order differential equations, along with hybrid integral boundary conditions in Banach Algebras. The methodology centers on a...

Active support using highly prestressed cable bolts and anchor cables has become a mainstream support technology for coal mine roadways. However, the ability of bolts and anchor cables to withstand transverse shear decreases with the prestress level,...