2023 August-1 - 95 articles
In the last few years, the volume of research produced on phage lysins has grown spectacularly due to the interest in using them as alternative antimicrobials. As a result, a plethora of naming customs has sprouted among the different research groups...
Faced with a globally aging society, the maintenance of health and quality of life in older people is very important. The age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, known as sarcopenia, severely reduces quality of life and increases the risks of v...
Mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway represents a central cellular kinase that controls cell survival and metabolism. Increased mTOR activation, along with upregulation of respective upstream and downstream signaling component...
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common primary mitochondrial genetic disease that causes blindness in young adults. Over 50 inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations are associated with LHON; however, more than 95% of cases...
Different conventional therapeutic procedures are utilized globally to manage cancer cases, yet the mortality rate in patients with cancer remains considerably high. Developments in the field of nanotechnology have included novel therapeutic strategi...
Na/K-ATPase maintains transmembrane ionic gradients and acts as a signal transducer when bound to endogenous cardiotonic steroids. At subnanomolar concentrations, ouabain induces neuroprotection against calcium overload and apoptosis of neurons durin...
Multiple signaling pathways facilitate the survival and drug resistance of malignant B-cells by regulating their migration and adhesion to microenvironmental niches. NF-κB pathways are commonly dysregulated in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but th...
Compelling evidence indicates that defects in nucleocytoplasmic transport contribute to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In particular, hexanucleotide (G4C2) repeat expansions in C9orf72, the most common cause of genetic ALS,...
Histone deacetylase Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) regulates many biological processes. SIRT6 is known to regulate hepatic lipid metabolism and inhibit the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the role of hepatocyte SIR...
Cellular senescence contributes importantly to aging and aging-related diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells are progenitors of alveolar epithelium, and ATII cell senescence is evident in IP...
Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-based stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases. However, continuous in vitro expansion for clinical studies induces the loss of EPC functionality due to aging. In this study, we inv...
Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive malignancy that develops in a unique tumor microenvironment (TME). However, cell models for studying the TME in PM are still limited. Here, we have generated and characterized novel human telomerase reverse...
Cingulin (CGN) and paracingulin (CGNL1) are cytoplasmic proteins of tight junctions (TJs), where they play a role in tethering ZO-1 to the actomyosin and microtubule cytoskeletons. The role of CGN and CGNL1 in the barrier function of epithelia is not...
Osmoregulation plays a vital role in sperm function, encompassing spermatogenesis, maturation, and fertilization. Aquaglyceroporins, a subclass of aquaporins (AQPs), facilitate the transport of water and glycerol across the sperm membrane, with glyce...
Introduction: Upregulation of complement system factors are reported to be increased in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and may be due to obesity and insulin resistance rather than inherently due to PCOS. We directly compared complement factors from...
In this study, we delve into the impact of genotoxic anticancer drug treatment on the chromatin structure of human cells, with a particular focus on the effects of doxorubicin. Using Hi-C, ChIP-seq, and RNA-seq, we explore the changes in chromatin ar...
Nicotine in tobacco is known to induce tumor-promoting effects and cause chemotherapy resistance through the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Many studies have associated the α5 nicotinic receptor subunit (α5), an...
Extracellular vesicle (EV) research has expanded substantially over the years. EVs have been identified in all living organisms and are produced and released as a means of intercellular communication or as a defense mechanism. Recently, nano-scaled v...
Multi-omics has the promise to provide a detailed molecular picture of biological systems. Although obtaining multi-omics data is relatively easy, methods that analyze such data have been lagging. In this paper, we present an algorithm that uses prob...
Rothia is an opportunistic pathogen, particularly life-threatening for the immunocompromised. It is associated with pneumonia, endocarditis, peritonitis and many other serious infections, including septicemia. Of note, Rothia mucilaginousa produces m...
The regulation of the immune environment within the tumor microenvironment has provided new opportunities for cancer treatment. However, an important microenvironment surrounding cancer that is often overlooked despite its significance in cancer prog...
The ability to recapitulate muscle differentiation in vitro enables the exploration of mechanisms underlying myogenesis and muscle diseases. However, obtaining myoblasts from patients with neuromuscular diseases or from healthy subjects poses ethical...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the prevalent cause of mortality worldwide. A combination of environmental and genetic effectors modulates the risk of developing them. Thus, it is vital to identify candidate genes and elucidate their role in the m...
Retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimerizes with the PPAR nuclear hormone receptor and regulates its downstream events. We investigated the effects of RXR agonists (LG100754, bexarotene, AGN194204, and LG101506) on lenalidomide’s anti-myeloma act...
The inhibition of bone loss remains a challenge for postmenopausal women, considering the fact that only three anabolic treatments for osteoporosis have been approved by the FDA. This study aimed to investigate the osteogenic capacities of Osteo-F, a...
Alcohol use during adolescence is a serious public health problem, with binge drinking and high-intensity drinking being particularly harmful to the developing adolescent brain. To investigate the adverse consequences of binge drinking and high-inten...
The recent advances in creating pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells and differentiating them into a variety of cell types is allowing us to study them without the caveats associated with disease-related changes. We generated induced Pluripotent...
Vascular smooth muscle voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels have been proposed to contribute to myogenic autoregulation. Surprisingly, in initial experiments, we observed that the Kv2 channel inhibitor stromatoxin induced vasomotion without affectin...
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) overactivity has been implicated as a factor contributing to glaucomatous neuropathy, and it has been utilized in animal models of retinal ischemia. The functional effects of long-term ET-1 exposure and possible compensatory mecha...
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) comprise the second-largest class of GPCRs, the most common target for approved pharmacological therapies. aGPCRs play an important role in development and disease and have recently been associated with t...
Calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs), a small family of highly conserved transcription factors, function in calcium-mediated signaling pathways. Of the six CAMTAs in Arabidopsis, CAMTA3 regulates diverse biotic and abiotic stress resp...
In addition to the essential pharmacological effects of opioids, situational cues associated with drug addiction memory are key triggers for drug seeking. CircRNAs, an emerging hotspot regulator in crown genetics, play an important role in central ne...
Club Cell Secretory Protein (CC16) plays many protective roles within the lung; however, the complete biological functions, especially regarding the pulmonary epithelium during infection, remain undefined. We have previously shown that CC16-deficient...
Membranous CD14 is crucial in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. However, the role of CD14(+) microparticles (MPs) derived from apoptotic neutrophils (apo-MP) during the phagocytic process is not clear. All trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) induces acu...
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are capable of unlimited proliferation and can undergo differentiation to give rise to cells and tissues of the three primary germ layers. While directing lineage selection of hPSCs has been an active area of rese...
Neutrophils are crucial innate immune cells and comprise 50–70% of the white blood cell population under homeostatic conditions. Upon infection and in cancer, blood neutrophil numbers significantly increase because of the secretion of various c...
Small-cell lung cancer is a fast-growing carcinoma with a poor prognosis and a high level of relapse due to multi-drug resistance (MDR). Genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of efflux transporter proteins can contribute to MDR. In vitro...
The comet assay in Drosophila has been used in the last few years to study DNA damage responses (DDR) in different repair-mutant strains and to compare them to analyze DNA repair. We have used this approach to study interactions between DNA repair pa...
Murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are commonly used as model systems during gene therapeutic retroviral vector development and preclinical biosafety assessment. Here, we developed cell culture conditions to maintain stemness and...
CD40L is expressed in activated T cells, and it plays a major role in immune response and is a major therapeutic target for inflammation. High IgM syndrome type 1 (HIGM1) is a congenital functional defect in CD40L/CD40 signaling due to defective CD40...
The search for simple morphological predictors of oocyte quality is an important task for assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs). One such predictor may be the morphology of the oocyte nucleus, called the germinal vesicle (GV), including the level...
Diabetes is the most frequent cause of kidney disease that progresses to end-stage renal disease worldwide, and diabetic kidney disease is significantly related to unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes. Since the 1990s, specific therapies have emerged...
ORPs are lipid-transport proteins belonging to the oxysterol-binding protein family. They facilitate the transfer of lipids between different intracellular membranes, such as the ER and plasma membrane. We have solved the crystal structure of the ORP...
Defective in cullin neddylation 1 domain containing 1 (DCUN1D1) is an E3 ligase for the neddylation, a post-translational process similar to and occurring in parallel to ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Although established as an oncogene in a variety o...
This comprehensive review article dives deep into the Golgi apparatus, an essential organelle in cellular biology. Beginning with its discovery during the 19th century until today’s recognition as an important contributor to cell function. We e...
Green alga Chlorella ohadii is known for its ability to carry out photosynthesis under harsh conditions. Using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM), we obtained a high-resolution structure of PSII at 2.72 Å. This structure revealed 64 subunit...
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating cellular biology at an unprecedented resolution, enabling the characterization of cellular heterogeneity, identification of rare but significant cell types, and e...
This review aims to provide a better understanding of the emerging role of mitophagy in glaucomatous neurodegeneration, which is the primary cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Increasing evidence from genetic and other experimental studies su...
Skeletal muscle has a high capacity to repair and remodel in response to damage, largely through the action of resident muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells. Satellite cells are required for the proper repair of skeletal muscle through a process...
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are increasingly being used in regenerative medicine as cell therapy targets, including in the treatment of burns and ulcers. The regenerative potential of AD-MSCs and some of their immunological properties are...
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