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Cells, Volume 11, Issue 10

May-2 2022 - 129 articles

Cover Story: Autophagy can be induced by inhibition of mTORC1, a multiprotein kinase complex. Rapamycin directly disables mTORC1 activity, while the mode of action of the autophagy inducer SMER28 was unknown. In our study, we reveal that SMER28 directly inhibits PI3K, most effectively p110 subunit delta. SMER28 treatment reduces phospho-AKT levels on both phosphorylation sides, threonine-308 and serine-473, indicating upstream inhibition of PDK1 and mTORC2. The autophagy-regulating kinase Ulk1 shows diminished phosphorylation of serine758; consistently, we find increased LC3-positive autophagosome numbers. Moreover, we discover that SMER28 severely retards cell growth and abolishes actin cytoskeleton dynamics leading to dorsal ruffle formation and cell scattering upon RTK activation. We show that cell lines harboring high PI3K delta levels such as B cell lymphoma cells are sensitive to SMER28. View this paper
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Articles (129)

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
7,461 Views
27 Pages

Angiogenesis, Lymphangiogenesis, and Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Few Certainties and Many Outstanding Questions

  • Remo Poto,
  • Stefania Loffredo,
  • Francesco Palestra,
  • Gianni Marone,
  • Vincenzo Patella and
  • Gilda Varricchi

23 May 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation, predominantly affecting the lung parenchyma and peripheral airways, that results in progressive and irreversible airflow obstruction. COPD development is promoted...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,549 Views
16 Pages

Low-Frequency Oscillations of In Vivo Ambient Extracellular Brain Serotonin

  • Colby E. Witt,
  • Sergio Mena,
  • Lauren E. Honan,
  • Lauren Batey,
  • Victoria Salem,
  • Yangguang Ou and
  • Parastoo Hashemi

23 May 2022

Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter that plays a major role in many aspects of neuroscience. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry measures fast in vivo serotonin dynamics using carbon fiber microelectrodes. More recently, fast-scan controlled-adsorpti...

  • Review
  • Open Access
30 Citations
6,428 Views
14 Pages

Pyroptosis and Its Role in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

  • Zsofia Agnes Bittner,
  • Markus Schrader,
  • Shilpa Elizabeth George and
  • Ralf Amann

23 May 2022

The pore-forming inflammatory cell death pathway, pyroptosis, was first described in the early 1990s and its role in health and disease has been intensively studied since. The effector molecule GSDMD is cleaved by activated caspases, mainly Caspase 1...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,401 Views
17 Pages

Effect of Thrombin on the Metabolism and Function of Murine Macrophages

  • Ürün Ukan,
  • Fredy Delgado Lagos,
  • Sebastian Kempf,
  • Stefan Günther,
  • Mauro Siragusa,
  • Beate Fisslthaler and
  • Ingrid Fleming

23 May 2022

Macrophages are plastic and heterogeneous immune cells that adapt pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes upon exposure to different stimuli. Even though there has been evidence supporting a crosstalk between coagulation and innate immunity, the way in...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,970 Views
19 Pages

Exosome-Associated circRNAs as Key Regulators of EMT in Cancer

  • Laura Amicone,
  • Alessandra Marchetti and
  • Carla Cicchini

23 May 2022

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic program of cell plasticity aberrantly reactivated in cancer. The crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumoral microenvironment (TME) has a pivotal importance for the induction of the EMT and th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,345 Views
16 Pages

Extracellular Vesicular Transmission of miR-423-5p from HepG2 Cells Inhibits the Differentiation of Hepatic Stellate Cells

  • Michal Safran,
  • Rula Masoud,
  • Maya Sultan,
  • Irena Tachlytski,
  • Chofit Chai Gadot,
  • Ron Pery,
  • Nora Balint-Lahat,
  • Orit Pappo,
  • Nahum Buzaglo and
  • Ziv Ben-Ari

23 May 2022

Liver fibrosis (LF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary source of extracellular matrix in the liver and their activation is a central event in LF development. Extracellular vesicles (EV...

  • Review
  • Open Access
26 Citations
8,933 Views
16 Pages

23 May 2022

S. cerevisiae plays a pivotal role as a model system in understanding the biochemistry and molecular biology of mammals including humans. A considerable portion of our knowledge on the genes and pathways involved in cellular growth, resistance to tox...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,445 Views
19 Pages

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Identifies a Subpopulation of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells to Promote Angiogenesis and Myocardial Repair

  • Xiuchun Li,
  • Xiaoliang Wang,
  • Pan He,
  • Edward Bennett,
  • Erin Haggard,
  • Jianjie Ma and
  • Chuanxi Cai

22 May 2022

Identifying effective donor cells is one of obstacles that limits cell therapy for heart disease. In this study, we sorted a subpopulation of human mesenchymal progenitor cells (hMPCs) from the right atrial appendage using the low mitochondrial membr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
29 Citations
10,748 Views
17 Pages

Colonic Fluid and Electrolyte Transport 2022: An Update

  • Abel B. Negussie,
  • Annika C. Dell,
  • Bruce A. Davis and
  • John P. Geibel

22 May 2022

Colonic epithelial cells are responsible for maintaining a delicate balance between luminal secretion and the absorption of fluids and ions. This review aims to discuss and update the model of colonic electrolyte secretion and absorption via the cyst...

  • Review
  • Open Access
40 Citations
17,067 Views
29 Pages

22 May 2022

Male infertility is an increasing and serious medical concern, though the mechanism remains poorly understood. Impaired male reproductive function affects approximately half of infertile couples worldwide. Multiple factors related to the environment,...

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Cells - ISSN 2073-4409