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Volume 16
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Article

Selectivity of Insecticides Used in the Management of Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) for Adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

by
Alessandro Bandeira Dalbianco
1,*,
Diego Fernando Daniel
2,
Dirceu Pratissoli
3,
Daniel de Lima Alvarez
4,
Nadja Nara Pereira da Silva
4,
Daniel Mariano Santos
4,
Santino Seabra Júnior
1 and
Regiane Cristina de Oliveira
4,*
1
Department of Horticulture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18600-950, SP, Brazil
2
Department of Agronomy, University of West Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Maravilha 89874-000, SC, Brazil
3
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
4
Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18600-950, SP, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2026, 16(7), 691; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy16070691
Submission received: 26 August 2025 / Revised: 15 March 2026 / Accepted: 18 March 2026 / Published: 25 March 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Pest and Disease Management)
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Abstract

The preservation of biological control agents in agroecosystems while simultaneously ensuring the use of insecticides with selective chemical profiles is crucial for sustainable pest management. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the selectivity of insecticides used in the management of Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta in tomato crops during the adult stage of Trichogramma pretiosum. The selectivity tests were conducted according to the standards of the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control/West Palearctic Regional Section. The bioassay was used to assess the direct effects of treatments on T. pretiosum adults through tarsal contact. Specifically, 42 chemical and/or biological insecticides commonly applied in tomato cultivation were used to manage P. absoluta. The insecticides identified as selective (Class 1) for adult T. pretiosum under laboratory conditions were recommended for use in integrated pest management (IPM) programs in tomato crops. These included Hayate®, Agree®, Dipel®, Xentari®, Tarik®, Bioexos®, Verpavex®, Spodovir®, Verpavex® + Spodovir®, Tuta Vir®, BioBrev®, Diplomata®, VirControl C.i®, and VirControl S.F®. Insecticides belonging to the following chemical groups were not selective, that is, they were harmful to T. pretiosum adults: avermectins, milbemycins, diacylhydrazines, oxadiazines, semicarbazones, spinosyns, diamides, chlorfenapyr, nereistoxin analogs, pyrethroids, carbamates, butenolides, isoxazoline, azadirachtin, quinolizidine alkaloids, METI, and benzoylureas. Therefore, these insecticides should be used with caution in IPM programs that target P. absoluta in tomato crops.
Keywords: integrated pest management; parasitoids; Solanum lycopersicum L.; sustainability; tomato leafminer integrated pest management; parasitoids; Solanum lycopersicum L.; sustainability; tomato leafminer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dalbianco, A.B.; Daniel, D.F.; Pratissoli, D.; Alvarez, D.d.L.; Silva, N.N.P.d.; Santos, D.M.; Seabra Júnior, S.; Oliveira, R.C.d. Selectivity of Insecticides Used in the Management of Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) for Adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Agronomy 2026, 16, 691. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy16070691

AMA Style

Dalbianco AB, Daniel DF, Pratissoli D, Alvarez DdL, Silva NNPd, Santos DM, Seabra Júnior S, Oliveira RCd. Selectivity of Insecticides Used in the Management of Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) for Adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Agronomy. 2026; 16(7):691. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy16070691

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dalbianco, Alessandro Bandeira, Diego Fernando Daniel, Dirceu Pratissoli, Daniel de Lima Alvarez, Nadja Nara Pereira da Silva, Daniel Mariano Santos, Santino Seabra Júnior, and Regiane Cristina de Oliveira. 2026. "Selectivity of Insecticides Used in the Management of Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) for Adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)" Agronomy 16, no. 7: 691. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy16070691

APA Style

Dalbianco, A. B., Daniel, D. F., Pratissoli, D., Alvarez, D. d. L., Silva, N. N. P. d., Santos, D. M., Seabra Júnior, S., & Oliveira, R. C. d. (2026). Selectivity of Insecticides Used in the Management of Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) for Adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Agronomy, 16(7), 691. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy16070691

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