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Toxins, Volume 9, Issue 12

December 2017 - 31 articles

Cover Story: Computer-aided design of the bioreceptor for ochratoxin monitoring: In solution, the unmodified bioreceptor (blue) binds to ochratoxin (magenta) with its intrinsic affinity. However, on the biotransducer surface (cyan), the bioreceptor becomes sterically hindered. A hexa-histidine tag (His-tag ) (green) immobilizes the bioreceptor and recovers some of the configurational freedom. However, linking via the amine or acid end alters the mechanism of binding and the efficacy. The configurational freedom is improved by placing a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer (red) between the His-tag and bioreceptor. While experimental techniques are limited, computer-aided technologies are promising in a rationalized route to bioreceptor design. View this paper
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Articles (31)

  • Review
  • Open Access
37 Citations
7,615 Views
14 Pages

20 December 2017

Fungi of the genus Fusarium infect cereal crops during the growing season and cause head blight and other diseases. Their toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins) contaminate grains. Several dozen toxic compounds produced by fungal pathogens have bee...

  • Article
  • Open Access
100 Citations
10,543 Views
13 Pages

20 December 2017

Staphylococcus aureus is an important aetiological agent of food intoxications in the European Union as it can cause gastro-enteritis through the production of various staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) in foods. Reported enterotoxin dose levels causi...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,997 Views
11 Pages

19 December 2017

The Genome Aggregation Database presently contains >120,000 human genomes. We searched in this database for the presence of mutations at the sites of tetanus (TeNT) and botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cleavages of the three SNARE proteins: VAMP, SNA...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,311 Views
13 Pages

Effects of Continuously Feeding Diets Containing Cereal Ergot Alkaloids on Nutrient Digestibility, Alkaloid Recovery in Feces, and Performance Traits of Ram Lambs

  • Stephanie Coufal-Majewski,
  • Kim Stanford,
  • Tim McAllister,
  • Yuxi Wang,
  • Barry Blakley,
  • John McKinnon,
  • Mary Lou Swift and
  • Alexandre V. Chaves

19 December 2017

Allowable limits for cereal ergot alkaloids in livestock feeds are being re-examined, and the objective of this study was to compare nutrient digestibility, growth performance and carcass characteristics of ram lambs fed a range of alkaloid concentra...

  • Review
  • Open Access
70 Citations
8,222 Views
27 Pages

Secreted Phospholipases A2 from Animal Venoms in Pain and Analgesia

  • Vanessa O. Zambelli,
  • Gisele Picolo,
  • Carlos A. H. Fernandes,
  • Marcos R. M. Fontes and
  • Yara Cury

19 December 2017

Animal venoms comprise a complex mixture of components that affect several biological systems. Based on the high selectivity for their molecular targets, these components are also a rich source of potential therapeutic agents. Among the main componen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
47 Citations
8,128 Views
17 Pages

Botulinum Toxin in the Field of Dermatology: Novel Indications

  • Yoon Seob Kim,
  • Eun Sun Hong and
  • Hei Sung Kim

16 December 2017

Since its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2002 for glabellar wrinkles, botulinum toxin (BTX) has been widely used to correct facial wrinkles. As a result, many consider BTX synonymous with cosmetic dermatology. Recent studies indic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
90 Citations
6,535 Views
29 Pages

In Vitro Toxicological Assessment of Cylindrospermopsin: A Review

  • Silvia Pichardo,
  • Ana M. Cameán and
  • Angeles Jos

16 December 2017

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanobacterial toxin that is gaining importance, owing to its increasing expansion worldwide and the increased frequency of its blooms. CYN mainly targets the liver, but also involves other organs. Various mechanisms hav...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
6,601 Views
9 Pages

15 December 2017

Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) is the most prevalent cause of food-borne intoxications worldwide. Consumption of enterotoxins preformed in food causes violent vomiting and can be fatal in children and the elderly. While being repressed by compet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,318 Views
17 Pages

14 December 2017

Misincorporation of β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) into proteins has been proposed to be a mechanism of toxicity to explain the role of BMAA in neurodegenerative disease development. However, studies have shown that all detectable BMAA can be remov...

  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Citations
7,272 Views
23 Pages

A Deeper Examination of Thorellius atrox Scorpion Venom Components with Omic Technologies

  • Teresa Romero-Gutierrez,
  • Esteban Peguero-Sanchez,
  • Miguel A. Cevallos,
  • Cesar V. F. Batista,
  • Ernesto Ortiz and
  • Lourival D. Possani

12 December 2017

This communication reports a further examination of venom gland transcripts and venom composition of the Mexican scorpion Thorellius atrox using RNA-seq and tandem mass spectrometry. The RNA-seq, which was performed with the Illumina protocol, yielde...

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Toxins - ISSN 2072-6651