Journal of Xenobiotics, Volume 15, Issue 4

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a global concern due to their persistence, ubiquity, and accumulation in living organisms. Found in soils, biosolids, water, and the food chain, they pose health risks such as hormone disruption, immune...

Lead poisoning is a significant public health issue, contributing to 0.6% of the global disease burden and disproportionately affecting developing countries. Vulnerable populations, such as children, pregnant women, and low-income communities, remain...

The global increase in municipal and industrial wastewater generation has intensified the need for ecologically resilient and technologically advanced treatment systems. Although traditional biological treatment technologies are effective for organic...

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents can be important sources of contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) for riverine ecosystems, with some accumulation in sediments. This study investigated the ecotoxicological effects of sediment samples coll...

Particulate matter (PM), a complex mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets, originates from both natural sources, such as sand, pollen, and marine salts, and anthropogenic activities, including vehicle emissions and industrial processes. While...

This study aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of two different doses of saroglitazar (SAR) in an animal model of cardiotoxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Thirty-five rats were randomly allocated into five groups: the negative cont...

Antibiotics have played an evolving role in poultry production, generally transitioning from widespread use to more precise and controlled applications. Despite this shift, the long-term consequences of earlier practices continue to affect current an...

Urolithin (Uro)-B, a gut microbiota metabolite of ellagic acid, has recently gained considerable attention due to its beneficial bioactivities. This study investigated the potential hepatoprotective effect of Uro-B against alpha-naphthyl isothiocyana...

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is used as a plasticizer to enhance flexibility in several household products, cosmetics, and food-contact materials. Due to its harmful effects, DBP is restricted or banned in children’s products and food items, particu...

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has emerged as a functional food oil with considerable health benefits and wide applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries due to its resident bioactive compounds, including lauric acid (LA). LA is the...

This study investigated pesticide residues in 580 vegetable samples collected from markets in Serbia, encompassing potatoes, carrots, celery, radishes, horseradish, ginger, onions, and leeks. In total, 33 distinct pesticides were detected using valid...

This comprehensive study investigates the spatial distribution of metals in surface water, their accumulation in fish tissues, and their impact on the gut microbiome dynamics of fish in the Qi River, Huanggang City, Hubei Province. Three distinct sam...

Nanofertilizers (NFs) and engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in agriculture, yet their environmental safety remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the comparative phytotoxicity of zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO₂),...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has now reached epidemic proportions in many parts of the world, primarily due to the high incidence of diabetes and hypertension. By 2040, CKD is predicted to be the fifth-leading cause of years of life lost. Developing...

Potentially toxic elements, such as chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn), play essential roles in humans and animals. However, the harmful effects of excessive exposure to these elements through food remain unknown. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate...

Pesticide exposure gradients between occupational, para-occupational, and general populations remain poorly characterized in North African agricultural contexts. This study evaluates urinary pesticide levels among farmers, indirectly exposed individu...

An investigation into the biological mechanisms initiated in wounded skin following the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag, ZnO), either alone or combined, was performed in mice, with the aim of determining the o...

Environmental xenobiotics, including heavy metals, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), pesticides, air pollutants, nano- and microplastics, mycotoxins, and phycotoxins, are widespread compounds that pose significant risks to human health. These su...

Mercury (Hg) pollution is a widespread ecological threat with sublethal effects on wildlife. Birds, due to their ecological diversity and sensitivity, serve as effective models for evaluating the behavioural impacts of Hg exposure. This review applie...

Background: Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) has been extensively used in several commercial industries as a preservative. It causes severe cellular and neurological damage affecting the developing fetus and might induce attention deficit hyperactivity...

Arsenic exposure in children and adults has been associated with respiratory symptoms, respiratory infections, and decreased lung function. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between environmental arsenic exposure and serum pneum...

Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, has been at the center of ongoing debates concerning its safety, particularly its potential role in cancer development. This review provides an overview and analysis of the current research exploring the...

Contaminants such as nano-polystyrenes (NPs) and heavy metal cocktail (HMC) have been found to disrupt physiological functions in aquatic organisms. Although HMC and NPs alone induce oxidative stress, their combined effects are not well understood. T...

This study investigated the ecotoxicological impacts of environmentally relevant concentrations (0.05, 0.50, and 5.00 mg/L) of nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) by assessing oxidative stress biomarkers. The worm Hediste diversicolor, the bivalve Mytilus...

The polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 class have been widely investigated due to their antitumor properties, including in prostate cancer (PCa). Among them is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 ω-3), whose biological activity is higher t...

The escalating global contamination of aquatic ecosystems by pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) stemming from diverse anthropogenic sources represents a critical and pervasive threat to planetary Earth. These contaminants exhib...

Antioxidants derived from plant extracts have attracted considerable attention due to their potential in mitigating oxidative damage through free radical scavenging mechanisms. Although 700 species have been used for centuries in Georgian traditional...

In the present investigation, an eco-friendly biocatalyst was developed using Pleurotus eryngii laccase (PeLac) through a copper (Cu)-based protein–inorganic hybrid system for the degradation of bisphenol A, a representative xenobiotic. After p...

Background: Remdesivir (RDV) is a broad-spectrum antiviral prodrug, which is rapidly metabolized in vivo within cells to the pharmacologically active triphosphate metabolite, GS-443902. On the other hand, the dephosphorylated metabolite GS-441524 is...

The knowledge about the potential toxic effects of microplastics (MPs) combined with herbicides at lower trophic levels is still largely unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential toxic effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and...

Climate change, mining activities, pollution and other human impacts on the natural environment cause significant changes in the concentrations and mixtures of metallic elements found in different ecosystems. Metals such as cadmium, copper, lead and...

The evolution of global agriculture encourages the extensive use of pesticides although significant concerns regarding their impact on human health and the environment must be considered. The present paper highlights the presence and concentrations o...

This study investigates the effect of high urban land temperatures on pesticide residue (PR) accumulation in cabbage and lettuce and on public health in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) in Ghana. A comparative toxicological analysis regardi...

Background: Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) in water pose significant public health and ecological risks, necessitating reliable and efficient detection methods. Current approaches often involve time-consuming pH adjustments and post-processing ste...

Background: Pharmacogenomics (PGx), a pivotal branch of personalized medicine, studies how genetic variations influence drug responses. Despite its transformative potential, the adoption of PGx in Indian clinical practice faces challenges, such as th...

High levels of pesticide use are associated with intensive crop production. Pesticides are increasingly prevalent in surface and groundwater, which is a major environmental concern. Various methods have been proposed to improve the retention and/or d...

The use of cellular energy allocation (CEA) as a physiological energetic biomarker is useful for detecting the sublethal effects of environmental contaminants. The CEA assesses the health and energy status of organisms, serving as a reliable indicato...

The intensive use of pesticides has raised environmental concerns due to their persistence and slow degradation, posing ecotoxicological risks. Despite regulatory measures, pesticide application remains high, leading to soil and water contamination....

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are emerging advanced nanomaterials with analogous structures to graphene and carbon nanotubes, respectively. However, little is known about what effect replacing carbon atoms with bo...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imposes a significant burden on global public health. Exposure to aflatoxins, potent mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus fungi contaminating staple foods, and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are major etiologic...

The widespread use of agrochemicals raises concerns about environmental impacts, particularly on pollinators, such as bees, which serve as bioindicators of contamination. Developing methods to assess contamination risks in bioindicators supports regu...