Materials, Volume 14, Issue 12

Photobiomodulation (PBM), also called low-level laser treatment (LLLT), has been considered a promising tool in periodontal treatment due to its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. However, photobiomodulation’s effectiveness depends on a...

Biological composites (biocomposites) possess ultra-thin, irregular-shaped, energy dissipating interfacial regions that grant them crucial mechanical capabilities. Identifying the dynamic (viscoelastic) modulus of these interfacial regions is conside...

Application of cryogenic fluids for efficient heat dissipation is gradually becoming part and parcel of titanium machining. Not much research is done to establish the minimum quantity of a cryogenic fluid required to sustain a machining process with...

In addition to good high-temperature creep resistance and adequate heat resistance, steels for the power industry must have, among other things, good weldability. Weldability of such steels is one of the criteria determining whether or not the materi...

The main contributing factor of the urban heat island (UHI) effect is caused by daytime heating. Traditional pavements in cities aggravate the UHI effect due to their heat storage and volumetric heat capacity. In order to alleviate UHI, this study ai...

The paper presents results of investigations on the binderless nanostructured tungsten carbide (WC) cutting tools fabrication and performance. The scientific novelty includes the description of some regularities of the powder consolidation under elec...

This work reports on the surface-modified woven fabrics for use as UV radiation sensors. The cotton and polyamide fabrics were printed with radiochromic hydrogels using a screen-printing method. The hydrogels used as a printing paste were composed of...

The aim of this study was to prepare a biomimetic selenium substituted calcium phosphate system for potential application in osteosarcoma therapy. Calcium phosphate (CaP) systems substituted with selenite ions were prepared by the wet precipitation m...

The synthesis of the nickel oxide-gadolinium doped ceria (NiO-GDC with 65:35 wt. %) nanocomposite powders with a stoichiometry of Gd_0.1Ce_0.9O_1.95 was performed via fast solution combustion technique; using three different mixing methods: (i) CM (meta...

In the present work, we investigated in detail the thermal/crystallization behavior and magnetic properties of materials with Fe_84.5-xCo_xNb₅B_8.5P₂ (x = 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 at.%) composition. The amorphous ribbons were manufactured on a semi-industria...

This work deals with the parametric optimization of the position and form of a conformal cooling used in the injection molding industry. Based on a literature survey, an optimization routine concerning the parameter optimization of cooling system des...

This paper discusses a choice of the most rational reinforcement details for frame corners subjected to opening bending moment. Frame corners formed from elements of both the same and different cross section heights are considered. The case of corner...

This study aimed to compare the performance of intra-oral autologous bone grafts versus porcine xenografts in a two-step lateral window sinus lift. This split-mouth randomised controlled trial sequentially enrolled 12 patients with a 6-month follow-u...

Aiming at the problems of a complex structure or poor controllability of the existing bearing preload control devices, a method of self-regulation via a negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) spacer is proposed. Firstly, the principle of preload automatic ad...

The use of cement emulsified asphalt mortar (CA mortar) in the track structure of high-speed speed railways has been gaining considerations by many researchers due to its coupled merits of the strength of cement as well as the flexibility of asphalt...

Usually, C30/37 strength class concrete is used to construct concrete pavements on a rigid, semi-rigid or flexible base. Concrete with such a strength delivers essential design characteristics: flexural strength and tensile splitting strength are bet...

Nowadays, the task of the selectively capture of fullerene molecules from soot is the subject of several studies. The low solubility of fullerenes represents a drawback when the goal is to purify them and to carry out chemical procedures where they p...

Asphalt, as an indispensable binder in road paving, plays an important role in transportation development. However, the mechanism of action between the modifier and asphalt cannot be fully explained by the existing test methods. This paper combines m...

In this paper, 8.0 mm thickness 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) workpieces were welded with a keyhole tungsten inert gas (K-TIG) welding system under different welding speeds. After welding, the morphologies of the welds under different welding spe...

In the present research, wood flour reinforced polyethylene polymer composites with a coupling agent were prepared by injection molding. The effects of wood flour size, aspect ratios, and mold injection temperature on the composites’ mechanical prope...

This paper presents a systematic study of the electrical resistivity of different steel fibre-reinforced concretes with fibre contents from 0 kg/m³ to 80 kg/m³ in order to identify possible effects of interactions among concrete composition and fibre...

Crop residue burning is one of the major sources of particulate matter (PM) in the air. The burning behaviors and PM emissions of the three typical crop residues (rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw) in China were characterized by a cone calorimeter...

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the treatment of bone defects using undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Recently, dental pulp has been proposed as a promising source of pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MS...

The major indicator of soil fertility and productivity are humic acids (HAs) arising from decomposition of organic matter. The structure and properties of HAs depend, among others climate factors, on soil and anthropogenic factors, i.e., methods of s...

A bio-inspired nanofibrous MnO₂-TiO₂-carbon composite was prepared by utilizing natural cellulosic substances (e.g., ordinary quantitative ashless filter paper) as both the carbon source and structural matrix. Mesoporous MnO₂ nanosheets were densely...

The mechanical and radiation shielding features were reported for a quaternary Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂-TiO₂ glass system used in radiation protection. The fundamentals of the Makishima–Mazinize model were applied to evaluate the elastic moduli of the glass sam...

Using bone cement as a carrier, gentamicin was for years the default drug to locally treat orthopedic infections but has lost favor due to increasing bacterial resistance to this drug. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of comb...

This issue is proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this issue should relate to different aspects of testing of differe...

Self-healing asphalt, which is designed to achieve autonomic damage repair in asphalt pavement, offers a great life-extension prospect and therefore not only reduces pavement maintenance costs but also saves energy and reduces CO₂ emissions. The comb...

Fe and Cr are regarded as two of the most important friction components in Cu-based composites (Cu–BCs). In this study, the microstructural detection and micro- and macro-tribology evaluation of Cu–BCs containing Fe and Cr were performed. The results...

Three ternary mixtures composed by choline chloride (ChCl), ethylene glycol (EG), and a second hydrogen bond donor (HBD) as ethanol (A), 2-propanol (B), and glycerol (C) were studied in terms of composition related to the band gap energy (BGE). A Des...

Nowadays, a relatively small number of studies concern the study of corrosion processes in reinforced concrete structures under load. Additionally, rather little research has been carried out concerning changes in the stress–strain state parameters o...

The powders of boron carbide are usually synthesized by the carbothermal reduction of boron oxide. As an alternative to high-temperature reactions, the development of the carbothermal reduction of organic precursors to produce B₄C is receiving consid...

The research is concerned with the use of double walls filled with aluminium foam for an open wagon in order to decrease the dynamic stresses during the operational modes. The research presents the strength calculation for the bearing structure of an...

Stimuli-responsive materials offer a large variety of possibilities in fabrication of solid- state devices. Phase change materials (PCMs) undergo rapid and drastic changes of their optical properties upon switching from one crystallographic phase to...

The aim of the investigations was to determine the effect of parameters of refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) on the fracture load and failure mechanisms of the resulting joint. RFSSW joints were made in 7075-T6 Alclad aluminium alloy sheets u...

The paper describes an investigation of Al₂O₃ samples and NiAl–Al₂O₃ composites consolidated by pulse plasma sintering (PPS). In the experiment, several methods were used to determine the properties and microstructure of the raw Al₂O₃ powder, NiAl–Al...

Polymer filaments constitute precursor materials of so-called fiber mats, ubiquitous structures across cutting-edge technological fields. Thus, approaches that contribute to large-scale production of fibers are desired from an industrial perspective....

The structural and tribological properties of a protective high-chromium coating synthesized on gray cast iron by air pulse-plasma treatments were investigated. The coating was fabricated in an electrothermal axial plasma accelerator equipped with an...

Al thin film is extensively used in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and electronic interconnections; however, most previous research has concentrated on their quasi-static properties and applied their designs on larger scales. The present stud...

Various orthodontic wire compositions and configurations are present on the market for removable appliances; however, there have still been only few studies focusing on the effect of resin color and additives such as glitter on corrosion of metallic...

In order that the impact on the environment and human beings can be assessed, it may prove necessary for geochemical research work to entail determinations of concentrations of trace elements in building materials, and it is also likely that this wil...

Three-dimensional prototypes and final products are commonly fabricated using the material extrusion (ME) process in additive manufacturing applications. However, these prototypes and products are limited to a single material using the ME process due...

The water-cooled ceramic breeder (WCCB) blanket is a component of the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). The Reduced Activation Ferrite/Martensite (RAFM) steels are the preferred structural materials for WCCB blanket. As a kind of RAFM st...

The conventional physical and chemical synthetic methods for the preparation of metal nanoparticles have disadvantages as they use expensive equipment and hazardous chemicals which limit their applications for biomedical purposes, and are not environ...

An original method based on the use of technogenic waste from the processing of mineral-layered materials, in particular phlogopite for obtaining highly efficient functional compositions of the “mica-TiO₂”, has been developed. The composition core is...

Lasers have been well integrated in clinical dentistry for the last two decades, providing clinical alternatives in the management of both soft and hard tissues with an expanding use in the field of dental materials. One of their main advantages is t...

Tunable mesoporous silica films were prepared though a sol-gel process directed by the self-assembly of various triblock copolymers. Positron annihilation γ-ray energy spectroscopy and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) based on inten...

With a highly efficient optical absorption capability, bismuth selenide (Bi₂Se₃) can be used as an outstanding photothermal agent for anti-tumor treatment and shows promise in the field of nanotechnology-based biomedicine. However, little research ha...

This paper proposes the use of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) precipitation induced by the addition of calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) solutions as a procedure to stabilize and improve expansive soil. A set of laboratory tests, incl...