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Energies
Volume 15
Issue 24
10.3390/en15249529
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Article

Underwater Wireless Charging System of Unmanned Surface Vehicles with High Power, Large Misalignment Tolerance and Light Weight: Analysis, Design and Optimization

by
Songyan Niu
1,2,3,
Qingyu Zhao
1,2,
Haibiao Chen
1,2,
Hang Yu
1,
Shuangxia Niu
3 and
Linni Jian
1,2,*
1
Southern University of Science and Technology Jiaxing Research Institute, Jiaxing 314000, China
2
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2022, 15(24), 9529; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249529
Submission received: 22 November 2022 / Revised: 6 December 2022 / Accepted: 12 December 2022 / Published: 15 December 2022
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Abstract

Wireless charging systems (WCSs) are considered very appropriate to recharge underwater surface vehicles (USVs) due to their safe, flexible, and cost-effective characteristics. The small depth of immersion of USVs allows a WCS operated at an mm-level distance using a dock. Resultant tight coupling between the transmitter and receiver is conducive to high power, yet faces a challenge to alleviating misalignment sensitivity. In addition, considering USVs’ endurance, the weight of a WCS should be strictly limited. In this paper, a 6.0 kW underwater WCS is analyzed, designed, and optimized, which achieves a good balance of power capacity, misalignment tolerance, and onboard weight. A multi-receiving-coil structure is employed, which is crucial to large misalignment tolerance. On this basis, two types of coils adapting the hull shape of USV, viz., curved and quasi-curved coils, are devised and compared in case the hydrodynamic performance of USV is degraded. Finally, the weight of receiver is effectively reduced using bar-shaped ferrite without sacrificing the power capacity of WCSs. The results indicate a merely 8.73% drop in coupling coefficient with misalignment ranging from 0 to 100 mm. Moreover, ferrite use is reduced by 40.48 kg compared to a ferrite sheet, which accounts for 50.28% weight of the receiver.
Keywords: wireless power transmission; inductive power transmission; underwater vehicle; coils; magnetic coupler; misalignment; lightweight design wireless power transmission; inductive power transmission; underwater vehicle; coils; magnetic coupler; misalignment; lightweight design

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MDPI and ACS Style

Niu, S.; Zhao, Q.; Chen, H.; Yu, H.; Niu, S.; Jian, L. Underwater Wireless Charging System of Unmanned Surface Vehicles with High Power, Large Misalignment Tolerance and Light Weight: Analysis, Design and Optimization. Energies 2022, 15, 9529. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249529

AMA Style

Niu S, Zhao Q, Chen H, Yu H, Niu S, Jian L. Underwater Wireless Charging System of Unmanned Surface Vehicles with High Power, Large Misalignment Tolerance and Light Weight: Analysis, Design and Optimization. Energies. 2022; 15(24):9529. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249529

Chicago/Turabian Style

Niu, Songyan, Qingyu Zhao, Haibiao Chen, Hang Yu, Shuangxia Niu, and Linni Jian. 2022. "Underwater Wireless Charging System of Unmanned Surface Vehicles with High Power, Large Misalignment Tolerance and Light Weight: Analysis, Design and Optimization" Energies 15, no. 24: 9529. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249529

APA Style

Niu, S., Zhao, Q., Chen, H., Yu, H., Niu, S., & Jian, L. (2022). Underwater Wireless Charging System of Unmanned Surface Vehicles with High Power, Large Misalignment Tolerance and Light Weight: Analysis, Design and Optimization. Energies, 15(24), 9529. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249529

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