Sensors, Volume 21, Issue 5

Hydroelectric power plants often make use of tunnels to redirect the flow of water to the plant power house. Such tunnels are often flooded and can span considerable distances. Periodical inspections of such tunnels are highly desirable since a tunne...

Angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation in localized hybrid arrays suffers from phase ambiguity owing to its localized structure and vulnerability to noise. In this letter, we propose a novel phase shift design, allowing each subarray to exploit difference...

Understanding people’s eating habits plays a crucial role in interventions promoting a healthy lifestyle. This requires objective measurement of the time at which a meal takes place, the duration of the meal, and what the individual eats. Smartwatche...

This work proposes a new approach to improve swarm intelligence algorithms for dynamic optimization problems by promoting a balance between the transfer of knowledge and the diversity of particles. The proposed method was designed to be applied to th...

Recently, researchers have paid attention to many types of huge networks such as the Internet of Things, sensor networks, social networks, and traffic networks because of their untapped potential for theoretical and practical outcomes. A major obstac...

Muscle coordination in human movement has been assessed through muscle synergy analysis. In sports science, this procedure has been mainly applied to the comparison between highly trained and unexperienced participants. However, the lack of knowledge...

Carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene sheets (GSs), and carbyne, are an important new class of technological materials, and have been proposed as nano-mechanical sensors because of their extremely superior mechanical, therma...

Diverse computer-aided diagnosis systems based on convolutional neural networks were applied to automate the detection of myocardial infarction (MI) found in electrocardiogram (ECG) for early diagnosis and prevention. However, issues, particularly ov...

When dealing with computed tomography volume data, the accurate segmentation of lung nodules is of great importance to lung cancer analysis and diagnosis, being a vital part of computer-aided diagnosis systems. However, due to the variety of lung nod...

Microservices, Continuous Integration and Delivery, Docker, DevOps, Infrastructure as Code—these are the current trends and buzzwords in the technological world of 2020. A popular tool which can facilitate the deployment and maintenance of microservi...

Submicron-sized carbon fibres have been attracting research interest due to their outstanding mechanical and electrical properties. However, the non-renewable resources and their complex fabrication processes limit the scalability and pose difficulti...

In the present work, a spar-buoy scaled model was designed and built through a “Lab-on-Sea” unit, equipped with an energy harvesting system. Such a system is based on deformable bands, which are loyal to the unit, to convert wave motion energy into e...

Depth cameras are developing widely. One of their main virtues is that, based on their data and by applying machine learning algorithms and techniques, it is possible to perform body tracking and make an accurate three-dimensional representation of b...

In a cellular communication system, deploying a relay station (RS) is an effective alternative to installing a new base station (BS). A dual-hop network enhances the throughput of mobile stations (MSs) located in shadow areas or at cell edges by inst...

A modular X-ray scanning system was developed, to fill in the gap between portable instruments (with a limited analytical area) and mobile instruments (with large analytical areas, and sometimes bulky and difficult to transport). The scanner has been...

Undisturbed frozen samples can be efficiently obtained using the artificial ground freezing method. Thereafter, the restoration of in situ conditions, such as stress and density after thawing, is critical for laboratory testing. This study aims to ex...

This article presents a control system for a cutting tool condition supervision, which recognises tool wear automatically during turning. We used an infrared camera for process control, which—unlike common cameras—captures the thermographic state, in...

The 10-s grip and release is a method to evaluate hand dexterity. Current evaluations only visually determine the presence or absence of a disability, but experienced physicians may also make other diagnoses. In this study, we investigated a method f...

With the aim to solve issues of robot object recognition in complex scenes, this paper proposes an object recognition method based on scene text reading. The proposed method simulates human-like behavior and accurately identifies objects with texts t...

Deep neural networks have received considerable attention in clinical imaging, particularly with respect to the reduction of radiation risk. Lowering the radiation dose by reducing the photon flux inevitably results in the degradation of the scanned...

The breath gas analysis through gas phase chemical analysis draws attention in terms of non-invasive and real time monitoring. The array-type sensors are one of the diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and selectivity towards the target gases. He...

This work describes the development of a vision-based tactile sensor system that utilizes the image-based information of the tactile sensor in conjunction with input loads at various motions to train the neural network for the estimation of tactile c...

Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice. Currently, catheter ablation for pulmonary-vein isolation is a well-established treatment for maintaining sinus rhythm when antiarrhythmic drugs do not succeed. U...

The Tactile Internet will require ultra-low latencies for combining machines and humans in systems where humans are in the control loop. Real-time and perceptual coding in these systems commonly require content-specific approaches. We present a gener...

The output model of a rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer (RAGG) established by the inertial dynamics method cannot reflect the change of signal frequency, and calibration sensitivity and self-gradient compensation effect for the RAGG is a ver...

Tactile data perception is of paramount importance in today’s robotics applications. This paper describes the latest design of the tactile sensor developed in our laboratory. Both the hardware and firmware concepts are reported in detail in order to...

A series of sky surveys were launched in search of supernovae and generated a tremendous amount of data, which pushed astronomy into a new era of big data. However, it can be a disastrous burden to manually identify and report supernovae, because suc...

The problem of vortex shedding, which occurs when an obstacle is placed in a regular flow, is governed by Reynolds and Strouhal numbers, known by dimensional analysis. The present work aims to propose a thin films-based device, consisting of an elast...

Rapid point of care tests for bacterial infection diagnosis are of great importance to reduce the misuse of antibiotics and burden of antimicrobial resistance. Here, we have successfully combined a new class of non-biological binder molecules with el...

Foot traffic, conversion rate, and total sales during a period of time may be considered to be important indicators of store performance. Forecasting them may allow for business managers plan stores operation in the near future in an efficient way. T...

A blur detection problem which aims to separate the blurred and clear regions of an image is widely used in many important computer vision tasks such object detection, semantic segmentation, and face recognition, attracting increasing attention from...

Seasonal crops require reliable storage conditions to protect the yield once harvested. For long term storage, controlling the moisture content level in grains is challenging because existing moisture measuring techniques are time-consuming and labor...

The World Health Organization has estimated that air pollution is a major threat to health, causing approximately nine million premature deaths every year. Each individual has, over their lifetime, a unique exposure to air pollution through their hab...

It is highly desirable to have a compact laser interferometer for detecting gravitational waves. Here, a small-sized tabletop laser interferometer with Fabry–Perot resonators consisting of two spatially distributed “mirrors” for detecting gravitation...

The use of multiple spatially distributed microphones allows performing spatial filtering along with conventional temporal filtering, which can better reject the interference signals, leading to an overall improvement of the speech quality. In this p...

As one of the most consolidated distributed fiber sensors based on stimulated Brillouin scattering, the Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer (BOTDA) has been developed for decades. Despite the commercial availability and outstanding progresses whic...

With the further development of highly automated vehicles, drivers will engage in non-related tasks while being driven. Still, drivers have to take over control when requested by the car. Here, the question arises, how potentially distracted drivers...

Postquantum cryptography for elevating security against attacks by quantum computers in the Internet of Everything (IoE) is still in its infancy. Most postquantum based cryptosystems have longer keys and signature sizes and require more computations...

A quality monitoring system for telecommunication services is relevant for network operators because it can help to improve users’ quality-of-experience (QoE). In this context, this article proposes a quality monitoring system, named Q-Meter, whose m...

A combined edge and core cloud computing environment is a novel solution in 5G network slices. The clients’ high availability requirement is a challenge because it limits the possible admission control in front of the edge cloud. This work proposes a...

Urban sprawl can negatively impact the archaeological record of an area. In order to study the urbanisation process and its patterns, satellite images were used in the past to identify land-use changes and detect individual buildings and construction...

Finger vein (FV) biometrics is one of the most promising individual recognition traits, which has the capabilities of uniqueness, anti-forgery, and bio-assay, etc. However, due to the restricts of imaging environments, the acquired FV images are easi...

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are time series data that are acquired by time change. A problem with these signals is that comparison data that have the same size as the registration data must be acquired every time. A network model of an auxiliary...

We considered the effect of coverage of the surface of In₂O₃ films with rhodium on the sensitivity of their electrophysical properties to ozone (1 ppm). The surface coverage with rhodium varied in the range of 0–0.1 ML. The In₂O₃ films deposited by s...

Falls are one of the leading causes of permanent injury and/or disability among the elderly. When these people live alone, it is convenient that a caregiver or family member visits them periodically. However, these visits do not prevent falls when th...

Many speech emotion recognition systems have been designed using different features and classification methods. Still, there is a lack of knowledge and reasoning regarding the underlying speech characteristics and processing, i.e., how basic characte...

Near Infrared (800–2500 nm) spectroscopy has been extensively used in biomedical applications, as it offers rapid, in vivo, bed-side monitoring of important haemodynamic parameters, which is especially important in critical care settings. However, th...

Kernel fuzzy c-means (KFCM) is a significantly improved version of fuzzy c-means (FCM) for processing linearly inseparable datasets. However, for fuzzification parameter $m=1$, the problem of KFCM (kernel fuzzy c-means) cannot be solved by Lagrangian o...

An optimization framework for upward jumping motion based on quadratic programming (QP) is proposed in this paper, which can simultaneously consider constraints such as the zero moment point (ZMP), limitation of angular accelerations, and anti-slippa...

Current ultrasound techniques face several challenges to measure strains when translated from large tendon to in-situ knee collateral ligament applications, despite the potential to reduce knee arthroplasty failures attributed to ligament imbalance....