Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by progressive β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) may enhance β-cell function. Semaglutide, a long-acting...
Background/Objectives: Proinsulin, the precursor to insulin, has limited activity on the insulin receptor. Proinsulin levels increase with increasing insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes due to incomplete processing by the β-cell. To assess whe...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is strongly associated with obesity. The adipose tissue secretes bioactive adipokines leading to low grade inflammation, amplified by oxidative stress, which promotes the formation of advanced glycation end products an...
Despite years of study, the biological role of the human proinsulin connecting peptide (C-peptide) remains poorly understood. Nevertheless, the C-peptide exhibits subdomains including conserved residues that are thought to have co-evolved with the in...
Geography is one of the key drivers of the significant variation in the etiopathogenic profile and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, therefore geographically based data are fundamental for implementing the appropriate interve...
Fasting proinsulin levels may serve as a marker of β-cell dysfunction and predict type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. Kidneys have been found to be a major site for the degradation of proinsulin. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of proin...
Data on the interplay between muscle, bone, and adipose tissue metabolism in normal-weight children with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) undergoing growth hormone (GH) therapy and dietary interventions are limited. This study aimed to assess the my...
Context: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the autoimmune T-cell mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells leading to insufficient insulin secretion. At the time of diagnosis of T1D, there is residual beta cell function that declines over the su...