14 Results Found

Since the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) in 2019, various rare movement disorders and cognitive changes have been recognized as potential neurological complications. The early treatment of some of these allows rapid recovery; therefore, we must d...

The cerebellum governs motor coordination and motor learning. Infection with external microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, induces the release and production of inflammatory mediators, which drive acute cerebellar inflammation. The c...

Background: infectious mononucleosis is very common during childhood and neurological manifestations are extremely rare. However, when they occur, an appropriate treatment must be undertaken to reduce morbidity and mortality as well as to ensure appr...

The clinical category of immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias (IMCAs) has been established after 3 decades of clinical and experimental research. The cerebellum is particularly enriched in antigens (ion channels and related proteins, synaptic adhesion/...

Pediatric seronegative immune-mediated cerebellar ataxia (IMCA) remains a poorly defined and often under-recognized diagnosis, particularly in young children, where symptoms are frequently misattributed to self-limited post-infectious processes. We r...

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) occur in 1–3% of all cancer patients with several cancer-related neurologic diseases involving any part of the nervous system. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a specific type of PNS ch...

Background/Objectives: Anti-mGluR1 encephalitis is a rare form of autoimmune encephalitis predominantly manifesting as acute/subacute cerebellar ataxia. We describe a newly diagnosed case series from our center and conduct a comprehensive review of r...

Although larger trinucleotide expansions give rise to a neurodevelopmental disorder called fragile X syndrome, fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder caused by a “premutation” (55&nd...

Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) encompass a class of five transporters with distinct expression in neurons and glia of the central nervous system (CNS). EAATs are mainly recognized for their role in uptake of the amino acid glutamate, the...

This case series presents two cases of acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC)—a rare condition—in young women with central nervous system (CNS) lesions. Both patients had significant neurologic deficits and no well-known risk factors or pre...

Background: Although multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated tremor and ataxia are well described in the neurological literature, other extrapyramidal movement disorders (MDs), including Holmes tremor, dystonia, chorea, myoclonus, parkinsonism, and restle...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS commonly affects the cerebellum causing acute and chronic symptoms. Cerebellar signs significantly contribute to clinical disability, a...

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) include any symptomatic and non-metastatic neurological manifestations associated with a neoplasm. PNS associated with antibodies against intracellular antigens, known as “high-risk” antibodies,...

Introduction: Anti-GAD65 antibodies are associated with several neurological phenotypes. Antibody titers are increasingly recognized as useful in diagnosis and prognosis. Objective: To describe a Portuguese cohort of patients with anti-GAD65-associat...