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Symmetry
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Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications
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Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 13583

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Muharrem Karaaslan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 Hatay, Türkiye
Interests: metamaterials; analysis and synthesis of antennas; waveguides
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metamaterials are subwavelength materials that have dimensions less than one-tenth of an operating wavelength. With their unique features, metamaterials can have extraordinary effects in various applications such as antenna parameter improvement, increasing the sensing capability of sensors, RCS reduction, EM isolation, EM wave manipulation, etc. Symmetric metamaterial unit cells should be designed, because this type of design creates polarization and incident wave independence in an application. For example, symmetric and periodic metamaterial-based microwave absorber structures have the characteristics of polarization or incident wave independence. Furthermore, the geometrically symmetric arrangement of metamaterials can also improve the bandwidths of the applications in general. 

In this Special Issue, we present symmetric metamaterial design processes and their advantages and disadvantages. This topic mostly includes microwave and terahertz applications, but the scope of the Special Issue is not limited to these applications. Symmetric metamaterials can also be used various branches of research such as in acoustic, seismic and mechanical applications.

Prof. Dr. Muharrem Karaaslan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metamaterial
  • symmetry
  • seismic
  • acoustic
  • terahertz
  • microwave and antennas

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 16338 KiB  
Article
mmWave Polarization Diversity Wideband Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output Antenna System with Symmetrical Geometry for Future Compact Devices
by Mehr E Munir, Saad Hassan Kiani, Huseyin Serif Savci, Daniyal Ali Sehrai, Fazal Muhammad, Ayyaz Ali, Hala Mostafa and Naser Ojaroudi Parchin
Symmetry 2023, 15(9), 1641; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15091641 - 25 Aug 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1588
Abstract
The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks is a significant technological advancement in telecommunications that provides faster data speeds, lower latency, and greater network capacity. One of the key technologies that enables 5G is multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, which allow for the transmission [...] Read more.
The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks is a significant technological advancement in telecommunications that provides faster data speeds, lower latency, and greater network capacity. One of the key technologies that enables 5G is multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, which allow for the transmission and reception of multiple data streams simultaneously, improving network performance and efficiency. MIMO is essential to meeting the demand for higher data rates and improved network performance in 5G networks. This work presents a four-element MIMO antenna system dedicated to the upper 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum. The suggested antenna system is designed using an ultra-thin RO5880 substrate having total dimensions of 20 × 20 × 0.254 mm3 with symmetrical geometry. The proposed antenna covers a fractional bandwidth of 46.875% (25–38 GHz), covering potential 5G bands of 26, 28, and 32 GHz, and offers isolation of >18 dB. The proposed MIMO system is fabricated and tested in-house. The antenna showed efficiency >88% at the potential band of interest and a peak gain of 3.5 dBi. The orthogonal arrangement of the resonating elements provides polarization diversity. Also, the MIMO parameters obtained, such as mean effective gain (MEG), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), channel capacity loss (CCL), and total active reflection coefficient (TARC), are found to have good performance. The measured results obtained are found to be in good agreement with simulations, hence making the proposed MIMO antenna suitable for handheld mmWave 5G devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications)
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12 pages, 5205 KiB  
Article
Prevention of Wave Propagation via Circular Arrangement of Seismic Metamaterials Formed with Concrete Piles
by Selcuk Kaçın, Murat Özturk, Umur Korkut Sevim, Muharrem Karaaslan, Oğuzhan Akgöl, Zafer Özer, Mustafa Demirci, Emin Ünal, Bayram Ali Mert, Maide Erdoğan Alkurt, Fatih Özkan Alkurt, Mustafa Tunahan Başar and Şeyda Gülsüm Kaya
Symmetry 2023, 15(8), 1489; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15081489 - 27 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1143
Abstract
It is known that the low frequencies of seismic surface waves have a destructive effect. The main purpose of seismic metamaterials is to protect structures from seismic waves at low frequencies, especially in a wide band. In this study, the effects of seismic [...] Read more.
It is known that the low frequencies of seismic surface waves have a destructive effect. The main purpose of seismic metamaterials is to protect structures from seismic waves at low frequencies, especially in a wide band. In this study, the effects of seismic metamaterials formed using circular array concrete piles on surface waves were investigated. Each concrete pile has been selected due to symmetric properties to investigate the band diagram. Therefore, the direction independence can also be determined with respect to frequency. This study was conducted both numerically and experimentally in the low-frequency range of 5–15 Hz. Two fields, with and without metamaterials, have been designed and compared. In numerical analysis, transmission loss graphs were drawn using the finite element method (FEM), and wave propagation at frequencies where the loss happened was simulated. In numerical analysis, optimum dimensions such as radius and depth were determined, and these dimensions were applied exactly in the experimental field. The results obtained from the experiment using a harmonic vibration device are mapped. In this numerical and experimental study, it has been revealed that the proposed structure prevents the propagation of seismic surface waves. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications)
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10 pages, 3324 KiB  
Article
Polarization-Insensitive, Wideband Terahertz Absorber Comprised of Fan-like Metasurface
by Meshari Alsharari, Khaled Aliqab, Ammar Armghan, Muhammad Saqlain and Muhammad Abuzar Baqir
Symmetry 2023, 15(6), 1258; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15061258 - 14 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1719
Abstract
In this manuscript, we studied a wideband metasurface-based terahertz (THz) absorber. The metasurface of the proposed absorber was comprised of fan-like periodic resonators made of nickel (Ni). The absorptivity of the proposed absorber was analyzed from 3.5 to 5 THz. The wideband absorptivity [...] Read more.
In this manuscript, we studied a wideband metasurface-based terahertz (THz) absorber. The metasurface of the proposed absorber was comprised of fan-like periodic resonators made of nickel (Ni). The absorptivity of the proposed absorber was analyzed from 3.5 to 5 THz. The wideband absorptivity is observed with an absorption above 75% from 3.7 to 4.7 THz. The polarization-insensitive behavior of the absorber is depicted due to the symmetric nature of the top metasurface. The absorption feature was also analyzed for the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) operating modes for the obliquity of the incidence wave. The surface current density shows that absorption is achieved due to the electric resonance of the proposed absorber. The proposed absorber would be useful for several applied areas covering medical science, communication, safety supervision, chemical sensing, and imaging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications)
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14 pages, 9910 KiB  
Article
Cheaper, Wide-Band, Ultra-Thin, and Multi-Purpose Single-Layer Metasurface Polarization Converter Design for C-, X-, and Ku-Band Applications
by Yunus Kaya
Symmetry 2023, 15(2), 442; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15020442 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2282
Abstract
This article presents the design of wide-band, ultra-thin, and multi-purpose polarization converter utilizing metasurface for C-, X-, and Ku-band applications. Having a topology on a FR-4 substrate with metasurface metallic patterns on the front and an all-metallic surface finish on the back, the [...] Read more.
This article presents the design of wide-band, ultra-thin, and multi-purpose polarization converter utilizing metasurface for C-, X-, and Ku-band applications. Having a topology on a FR-4 substrate with metasurface metallic patterns on the front and an all-metallic surface finish on the back, the unit cell of converter design has symmetry in the x−y plane with unique features of having both linear polarization (LP) and circular polarization (CP) property. While the polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of converter in normal incidence case is more than 90% in three different frequency bands of 6.46–6.78 GHz, 10.52–11.85 GHz, and 16.49–17.37 GHz, it shows linear-to-linear polarization feature and a linear-to-circular polarization feature with left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) for the frequency range between 7.28 and 9.40 GHz and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) for the frequency range between 13.38 and 15.19 GHz. It is also seen that the converter has a PCR value of around 90% for oblique incidence case with incidence angles up to 45°. Extensive simulations have been conducted to prove the performance of suggested converter with the aid of a commercially-available simulation platform, called CST Microwave Studio. The advantages of suggested polarization converter are low-cost, wide-band, ultra-thin, and having both LP and CP conversion in C-, X-, and Ku-bands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications)
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Review

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19 pages, 22914 KiB  
Review
Multilevel Diffractive Lenses: Recent Advances and Applications
by Chenyu Shi, Weipeng Zhao, Sai Chen and Wenli Li
Symmetry 2024, 16(10), 1377; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101377 - 16 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5700
Abstract
Multilevel diffractive lenses (MDLs) has undergone considerable advancements, marked by their exceptional efficiency and diverse focusing capabilities, resulting in their widespread use in optical systems. In recent times, MDLs have consistently been juxtaposed with metalenses, which have experienced swift progress over the last [...] Read more.
Multilevel diffractive lenses (MDLs) has undergone considerable advancements, marked by their exceptional efficiency and diverse focusing capabilities, resulting in their widespread use in optical systems. In recent times, MDLs have consistently been juxtaposed with metalenses, which have experienced swift progress over the last decade. Concurrently, MDLs have continued to evolve, propelled by their distinct advantages, such as cost-effective production and adaptability for mass manufacturing. This article explores the evolution and foundational concepts of MDLs, highlighting the advantages of their circular symmetry in enhancing simulation and optimization efficiency. Furthermore, we present several innovative fabrication methods for MDLs that capitalize on the latest advancements in 3D printing technology. We also show the practical applications and potential future developments of MDLs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Symmetry: Recent Advances and Applications)
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