Design of Small Molecules to Target Metastatic Cancer Cells

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 3695

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School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
Interests: pharmacology; cancer cell biology; experimental therapeutics
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Dear Colleagues,

Metastasis is a highly complex process in which cancer cells spread to distant organs. The presence of metastases in cancer patients greatly increases the risk of death. Thus, metastasis research in the last two decades has focused on the biology of the process, leading to the identification of cancer cell proteins that control key functions during the metastatic cascade, such as membrane receptors, adhesion molecules, proteases, kinases, GTPases, and transcription factors. Furthermore, molecules in the metastatic microenvironment, such as growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins, are also critical in the development of secondary tumors. At present, many such proteins are considered valid targets for the development of therapeutic strategies for blocking the metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. However, the development of anti-metastatic small molecules is still required.

We invite authors to submit original research and review articles that describe the design and/or development of small molecules aimed at targeting key functions in the metastatic process, including invasion, intravasation, survival in circulation, homing and extravasation, and/or proliferation in metastatic niches. The resulting compilation of articles will be published as a Special Issue in Pharmaceuticals, allowing the reader to attain a wide vision of the state of the art in the field.

Dr. Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2670 KiB  
Article
The Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A Inhibitor Teglicar Shows Promising Antitumour Activity against Canine Mammary Cancer Cells by Inducing Apoptosis
by Nunzio Antonio Cacciola, Fabrizia Sepe, Salvatore Fioriniello, Orsolina Petillo, Sabrina Margarucci, Marcello Scivicco, Gianfranco Peluso, Anna Balestrieri, Giovanna Bifulco, Brunella Restucci and Lorella Severino
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(7), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16070987 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1467
Abstract
Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most common cancer in intact female dogs. In addition to surgery, additional targeted and non-targeted therapies may offer survival benefits to these patients. Therefore, exploring new treatments for CMT is a promising area in veterinary oncology. CMT [...] Read more.
Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most common cancer in intact female dogs. In addition to surgery, additional targeted and non-targeted therapies may offer survival benefits to these patients. Therefore, exploring new treatments for CMT is a promising area in veterinary oncology. CMT cells have an altered lipid metabolism and use the oxidation of fatty acids for their energy needs. Here we investigated the tumoricidal effects of teglicar, a reversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A), the rate-limiting enzyme for fatty acid import into mitochondria, on two CMT cells, P114 and CMT-U229. Viability and apoptosis were examined in CMT cells using the crystal violet assay, trypan blue assay, and flow cytometry analysis. The expression of mediators of apoptosis signalling (e.g., caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3) was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. Teglicar was able to decrease cell viability and induce apoptosis in P114 and CMT-U229 cells. At the molecular level, the effect of teglicar was associated with an upregulation of the mRNA expression levels of caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3 and an increase in their protein levels. In summary, our results show that teglicar has a potential effect against CMTs through the induction of apoptotic cell death, making it a promising therapeutic agent against CMTs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Small Molecules to Target Metastatic Cancer Cells)
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9 pages, 1390 KiB  
Communication
Naringin’s Prooxidant Effect on Tumor Cells: Copper’s Role and Therapeutic Implications
by Mohd Farhan
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(11), 1431; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15111431 - 19 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1568
Abstract
Plant-derived polyphenolic chemicals are important components of human nutrition and have been found to have chemotherapeutic effects against a variety of cancers. Several studies in animal models have proven polyphenols’ potential to promote apoptosis and tumor regression. However, the method by which polyphenols [...] Read more.
Plant-derived polyphenolic chemicals are important components of human nutrition and have been found to have chemotherapeutic effects against a variety of cancers. Several studies in animal models have proven polyphenols’ potential to promote apoptosis and tumor regression. However, the method by which polyphenols show their anticancer effects on malignant cells is not well understood. It is generally known that cellular copper rises within malignant cells and in the serum of cancer patients. In this communication, investigations reveal that naringin (a polyphenol found in citrus fruits) can strongly suppress cell proliferation and trigger apoptosis in various cancer cell lines in the presence of copper ions. The cuprous chelator neocuproine, which confirms copper-mediated DNA damage, prevents such cell death to a large extent. The studies further show that the cellular copper transporters CTR1 and ATP7A have a role in the survival dynamics of malignant cells after naringin exposure. The findings emphasize the crucial function of copper dynamics and mobilization in cancer cells and pave the path for a better understanding of polyphenols as nutraceutical supplements for cancer prevention and treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Small Molecules to Target Metastatic Cancer Cells)
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