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Nutrients
Special Issues
Metabolic Features and Nutritional Interventions in Chronic Diseases
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Metabolic Features and Nutritional Interventions in Chronic Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 June 2024 | Viewed by 6721

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yongting Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: cardiovascular disease; atherosclerosis; vascular remodeling; cancer; mitochondria; cell signaling; cell metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Junjie Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: metabolic diseases; cancer; aging; molecular nutrition; mitochondrial metabolism; mitochondrial metal ions; mtDNA mutation/editing; ROS; ferroptosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Peng An

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: iron metabolism; oxidative stress; intervention strategies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A growing body of research indicates an extensive metabolic dysfunction in a spectrum of chronic diseases, comprising aging, cancer and diseases affecting cardiovascular system, liver and kidney. The phenotypes associated with metabolic dysfunction vary depending on disease type and stage. In turn, the altered metabolism drives disease pathology. Consequently, nutritional modulation of metabolic status in chronic disease is widely acknowledged to reduce disease incidence. For instance, tailored nutritional intervention in cancers with altered metabolism determines the improved therapeutic responses. Additionally, counteracting muscle loss and osteoporosis are clinical goals of nutritional support in an aged population. Mechanistically, bioactive nutrients or tailored nutritional regimen modulate metabolism through mitochondrial homeostasis, immuno-regulation, as well as epigenome regulation to impact disease progression.

This Special Issue aims to be an interdisciplinary platform that covers:

  1. Characterization of metabolic features and/or nutritional requirement in a certain type of chronic disease;
  2. Defining the effects and mechanism of a specific nutrient or nutritional intervention on metabolism;
  3. Development of new nutritional strategy that improves disease outcome by altering metabolism.

We invite well-designed research articles, reviews and meta-analyses addressing all the above issues.

Dr. Yongting Luo
Dr. Junjie Luo
Dr. Peng An
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic disease
  • cardiovascular disease
  • kidney disease
  • liver disease
  • aging
  • cancer
  • metabolic feature
  • metabolic reprogramming
  • bioactive nutrients
  • nutritional intervention

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3426 KiB  
Article
Targeting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Hawthorn Ethanol Extract (HEE): A Comprehensive Examination of Hepatic Lipid Reduction and Gut Microbiota Modulation
by Tianyu Wang, Dawei Wang, Yinghui Ding, He Xu, Yue Sun, Jumin Hou and Yanrong Zhang
Nutrients 2024, 16(9), 1335; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091335 - 29 Apr 2024
Viewed by 324
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the lipid-lowering ability of hawthorn ethanol extract (HEE) and the role played by gut flora in the efficacy of HEE. Our study sought to explore the effects of HEE on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in normal flora and [...] Read more.
Recent studies have highlighted the lipid-lowering ability of hawthorn ethanol extract (HEE) and the role played by gut flora in the efficacy of HEE. Our study sought to explore the effects of HEE on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in normal flora and pseudo germ-free mice. The results showed that HEE effectively diminished hepatic lipid accumulation, ameliorated liver function, reduced inflammatory cytokine levels and blood lipid profiles, and regulated blood glucose levels. HEE facilitated triglyceride breakdown, suppressed fatty acid synthesis, and enhanced intestinal health by modulating the diversity of the gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut. In addition, HEE apparently helps to increase the presence of beneficial genera of bacteria, thereby influencing the composition of the gut microbiota, and the absence of gut flora affects the efficacy of HEE. These findings reveal the potential of hawthorn for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD and provide new perspectives on the study of functional plants to improve liver health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Features and Nutritional Interventions in Chronic Diseases)
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16 pages, 286 KiB  
Article
Positive Association of Serum Vitamin B6 Levels with Intrapulmonary Lymph Node and/or Localized Pleural Metastases in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study
by Lu Liu, Hang Yu, Jingmin Bai, Qing Xu, Yong Zhang, Xinsheng Zhang, Zhimeng Yu and Yinghua Liu
Nutrients 2023, 15(10), 2340; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15102340 - 17 May 2023
Viewed by 1516
Abstract
The relationship between vitamin B levels and the development and progression of lung cancer remains inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the relationship between B vitamins and intrapulmonary lymph nodes as well as localized pleural metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). [...] Read more.
The relationship between vitamin B levels and the development and progression of lung cancer remains inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the relationship between B vitamins and intrapulmonary lymph nodes as well as localized pleural metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This was a retrospective study including patients who underwent lung surgery for suspected NSCLC at our institution from January 2016 to December 2018. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between serum B vitamin levels and intrapulmonary lymph node and/or localized pleural metastases. Stratified analysis was performed according to different clinical characteristics and tumor types. A total of 1498 patients were included in the analyses. Serum vitamin B6 levels showed a positive association with intrapulmonary metastasis in a multivariate logistic regression (odds ratio (OR) of 1.016, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.002–1.031, p = 0.021). After multivariable adjustment, we found a high risk of intrapulmonary metastasis in patients with high serum vitamin B6 levels (fourth quartile (Q4) vs. Q1, OR of 1.676, 95%CI of 1.092 to 2.574, p = 0.018, p for trend of 0.030). Stratified analyses showed that the positive association between serum vitamin B6 and lymph node metastasis appeared to be stronger in females, current smokers, current drinkers, and those with a family history of cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, a tumor of 1–3 cm in diameter, or a solitary tumor. Even though serum vitamin B6 levels were associated with preoperative NSCLC upstaging, B6 did not qualify as a useful biomarker due to weak association and wide confidence intervals. Thus, it would be appropriate to prospectively investigate the relationship between serum vitamin B6 levels and lung cancer further. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Features and Nutritional Interventions in Chronic Diseases)
14 pages, 7487 KiB  
Article
Low Zinc Alleviates the Progression of Thoracic Aortic Dissection by Inhibiting Inflammation
by Lin Zhu, Peng An, Wenting Zhao, Yi Xia, Jingyi Qi, Junjie Luo and Yongting Luo
Nutrients 2023, 15(7), 1640; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071640 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2178
Abstract
Vascular inflammation triggers the development of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). Zinc deficiency could dampen tissue inflammation. However, the role of zinc as a nutritional intervention in the progression of TAD remains elusive. In this study, we employed a classical β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN)-induced TAD [...] Read more.
Vascular inflammation triggers the development of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). Zinc deficiency could dampen tissue inflammation. However, the role of zinc as a nutritional intervention in the progression of TAD remains elusive. In this study, we employed a classical β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN)-induced TAD model in mice treated with low zinc and observed that the TAD progression was greatly ameliorated under low zinc conditions. Our results showed that low zinc could significantly improve aortic dissection and rupture (BAPN + low zinc vs. BAPN, 36% vs. 100%) and reduce mortality (BAPN + low zinc vs. BAPN, 22% vs. 57%). Mechanically, low zinc attenuated the infiltration of macrophages and inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines, suppressed the phenotype switch of vascular smooth muscle cells from contractile to synthetic types, and eventually alleviated the development of TAD. In conclusion, this study suggested that low zinc may serve as a potential nutritional intervention approach for TAD prevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Features and Nutritional Interventions in Chronic Diseases)
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15 pages, 2685 KiB  
Article
Effects of Caprylic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid on Lipids, Inflammatory Levels, and the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in ABCA1-Deficient Mice and ABCA1 Knock-Down RAW264.7 Cells
by Xinsheng Zhang, Peng Zhang, Yinghua Liu, Zhao Liu, Qing Xu, Yong Zhang, Lu Liu, Xueyan Yang, Liya Li and Changyong Xue
Nutrients 2023, 15(5), 1296; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15051296 - 06 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2038
Abstract
Our previous studies have found that caprylic acid (C8:0) can improve blood lipids and reduce inflammation levels and may be related to the upregulation of the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 pathway by ABCA1. This study aims to investigate the effects of C8:0 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) [...] Read more.
Our previous studies have found that caprylic acid (C8:0) can improve blood lipids and reduce inflammation levels and may be related to the upregulation of the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 pathway by ABCA1. This study aims to investigate the effects of C8:0 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on lipids, inflammatory levels, and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in ABCA1-deficient mice (ABCA1−/−) and ABCA1 knock-down (ABCA1-KD) RAW 264.7 cells. Twenty 6-week ABCA1−/− mice were randomly divided into four groups and fed a high-fat diet, or a diet of 2% C8:0, 2% palmitic acid (C16:0) or 2% EPA for 8 weeks, respectively. The RAW 264.7 cells were divided into the control or control + LPS group, and the ABCA1-KD RAW 264.7 cells were divided into ABCA1-KD with LPS (LPS group), ABCA1-KD with LPS + C8:0 (C8:0 group), and ABCA1-KD with LPS + EPA (EPA group). Serum lipid profiles and inflammatory levels were measured, and ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 mRNA and protein expressions were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. Our results showed that serum lipid and inflammatory levels increased in ABCA1−/− mice (p < 0.05). After the intervention of different fatty acids in ABCA1−/− mice, TG and TNF-α were significantly lower, while MCP-1 increased significantly in the C8:0 group (p < 0.05); however, LDL-C, TC, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels decreased significantly and IL-10 increased significantly in the EPA group (p < 0.05). In the aorta of ABCA1−/− mice, C8:0 significantly decreased p-STAT3 and p-JAK2 mRNA, while EPA significantly reduced TLR4 and NF-κBp65 mRNA. In the ABCA1-KD RAW 264.7 cells, TNF-α and MCP-1 were increased significantly and IL-10 and IL-1β were significantly decreased in the C8:0 group (p < 0.05). The protein expressions of ABCA1 and p-JAK2 were significantly higher, and the NF-κBp65 was significantly lower in the C8:0 and EPA groups (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared to the C8:0 group, the NF-κBp65 protein expression was significantly lower in the EPA group (p < 0.05). Our study showed that EPA had better effects than C8:0 on inhibiting inflammation and improving blood lipids in the absence of ABCA1. C8:0 may be involved mainly in inhibiting inflammation through upregulation of the ABCA1 and p-JAK2/p-STAT3 pathways, while EPA may be involved mainly in inhibiting inflammation through the TLR4/NF-κBp65 signaling pathway. The upregulation of the ABCA1 expression pathway by functional nutrients may provide research targets for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Features and Nutritional Interventions in Chronic Diseases)
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