Nanomaterials

Research

Jump to: Review

13 pages, 5300 KB

Open AccessArticle

Corrosion Protective Coating Based on Chemically Cross-Linked Particles of Few-Layer Graphene

by Aleksei Vozniakovskii, Alexander Voznyakovskii, Anna Neverovskaya, Nikita Podlozhnyuk, Sergey Kidalov and Evgeny Auchynnikau

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(24), 1841; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241841 - 5 Dec 2025

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 676

Abstract

Coatings based on graphene nanostructures represent one of the most promising solutions for protecting metals from corrosion. However, their application remains unprofitable due to the high production costs, which are caused by the imperfections in graphene nanostructures synthesis methods. Therefore, this work utilized [...] Read more.

Coatings based on graphene nanostructures represent one of the most promising solutions for protecting metals from corrosion. However, their application remains unprofitable due to the high production costs, which are caused by the imperfections in graphene nanostructures synthesis methods. Therefore, this work utilized few-layer graphene particles synthesized via self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for coating fabrication. The effectiveness of these coatings in protecting metals against corrosion was tested in a salt spray chamber. It was found that the synthesized coatings provide excellent protection for the steel substrate against corrosion, and their effectiveness is significantly higher than that of polymer coatings based on epoxy resin. A hypothesis was proposed to explain the high efficiency of the coatings based on few-layer graphene particles. This is attributed to their low defect density (absence of Stone-Wales defects in their structure) and the presence of multiple layers, which enhances the barrier effect. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 1763 KB

Open AccessArticle

Controlling the Orientation of MoS₂ Films on Mo Metal Thin Film Through Sulfur Flux Regulation: A Novel Reaction-Diffusion Model

by Joonam Kim, Masakazu Ike and Kenichi Tokuda

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(23), 1783; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15231783 - 27 Nov 2025

Viewed by 1036

Abstract

This study presents a novel strategy for controlling the orientation of MoS₂ films on thick metallic substrates through precise regulation of the sulfur flux alone. In contrast to previous approaches that rely on substrate modifications or complex parameter tuning, orientation control is [...] Read more.

This study presents a novel strategy for controlling the orientation of MoS₂ films on thick metallic substrates through precise regulation of the sulfur flux alone. In contrast to previous approaches that rely on substrate modifications or complex parameter tuning, orientation control is achieved here solely by adjusting the sulfur concentration during the sulfurization of 400 nm RF-sputtered Mo films. The metallic Mo substrate also allows potential film transfer via selective etching—analogous to the graphene/Cu system—providing a viable route for device integration on arbitrary substrates. Analyses (XRD, Raman, and TEM) reveal that low sulfur flux (30–50 sccm) favors horizontal growth, whereas high flux (>300 sccm) induces vertical orientation. To rationalize this behavior, a reaction-diffusion model based on the Thiele modulus was developed, quantitatively linking sulfur flux to film orientation and identifying critical thresholds (~50 and ~300 sccm) governing the horizontal-to-vertical transition. This unified approach enables the realization of distinct MoS₂ orientations using identical materials and processes, analogous to the orientation control in graphene growth on copper. The ability to grow orientation-controlled MoS₂ on non-noble metal substrates opens new opportunities for integrating electronic (horizontal) and catalytic (vertical) functionalities, thereby advancing scalable manufacturing of TMDC-based technologies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1798 KB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Direct Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Bilayer Graphene on Dielectric Substrate

by Zuoquan Tan, Xianqin Xing, Yimei Fang, Le Huang, Shunqing Wu, Zhiyong Zhang, Le Wang, Xiangping Chen and Shanshan Chen

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(21), 1629; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15211629 - 25 Oct 2025

Viewed by 1254

Abstract

Direct growth of high-quality, Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) on dielectric substrates is crucial for electronic and optoelectronic devices, yet it remains hindered by poor film quality, uncontrollable thickness, and high-density grain boundaries. In this work, a facile, catalyst-assisted method to grow high-quality, single-crystalline [...] Read more.

Direct growth of high-quality, Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) on dielectric substrates is crucial for electronic and optoelectronic devices, yet it remains hindered by poor film quality, uncontrollable thickness, and high-density grain boundaries. In this work, a facile, catalyst-assisted method to grow high-quality, single-crystalline BLG directly on dielectric substrates (SiO₂/Si, sapphire, and quartz) was demonstrated. A single-crystal monolayer graphene template was first employed as a seed layer to facilitate the homoepitaxial synthesis of single-crystalline BLG directly on insulating substrates. Nanostructure Cu powders were used as the remote catalysis to provide long-lasting catalytic activity during the graphene growth. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the single-crystalline nature of the resulting BLG domains, which validates the superiority of the homoepitaxial growth technique. Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurement results indicate that the quality of the as-grown BLG is comparable to that on metal substrate surfaces. Field-effect transistors fabricated directly on the as-grown BLG/SiO₂/Si showed a room temperature carrier mobility as high as 2297 ± 3 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, which is comparable to BLG grown on Cu and much higher than that reported on in-sulators. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

11 pages, 7087 KB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Cu-Contamination-Free Hybrid Bonding via MoS₂ Passivation Layer

by Hyunbin Choi, Kyungman Kim, Sihoon Son, Dongho Lee, Seongyun Je, Jieun Kang, Sunjae Jeong, Doo San Kim, Minjong Lee, Jiyoung Kim and Taesung Kim

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(20), 1600; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15201600 - 21 Oct 2025

Viewed by 2307

Abstract

Hybrid bonding technology has emerged as a critical 3D integration solution for advanced semiconductor packaging, enabling simultaneous bonding of metal interconnects and dielectric materials. However, conventional hybrid bonding processes face significant contamination challenges during O₂ plasma treatment required for OH group formation [...] Read more.

Hybrid bonding technology has emerged as a critical 3D integration solution for advanced semiconductor packaging, enabling simultaneous bonding of metal interconnects and dielectric materials. However, conventional hybrid bonding processes face significant contamination challenges during O₂ plasma treatment required for OH group formation on SiCN or the other dielectric material surfaces. The aggressive plasma conditions cause Cu sputtering and metal migration, leading to chamber and substrate contamination that accumulates over time and degrades process reliability. In this work, we present a novel approach to address these contamination issues by implementing a molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) barrier layer formed through plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) sulfurization of Mo films. The ultrathin MoS₂ layer acts as an effective barrier preventing Cu sputtering during O₂ plasma processing, thereby eliminating chamber contamination, and it also enables post-bonding electrical connectivity through controlled Cu filament formation via memristive switching mechanisms. When voltage is applied to the Cu-MoS₂-Cu structure after hybrid bonding, Cu ions migrate through the MoS₂ layer to form conductive filaments, establishing reliable electrical connections without compromising the bonding interface integrity. This innovative approach successfully resolves the fundamental contamination problem in hybrid bonding while maintaining excellent electrical performance, offering a pathway toward contamination-free and high-yield hybrid bonding processes for next-generation 3D-integrated devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 7431 KB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Synthesis Conditions on Graphene Directly Grown on SiO₂: Structural Features and Charge Carrier Mobility

by Šarūnas Meškinis, Šarūnas Jankauskas, Lukas Kamarauskas, Andrius Vasiliauskas, Asta Guobienė, Algirdas Lazauskas and Rimantas Gudaitis

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(17), 1315; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15171315 - 27 Aug 2025

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1765

Abstract

Graphene was directly grown on SiO₂/Si substrates using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to investigate how synthesis-driven variations in structure and doping influence carrier transport. The effects of synthesis temperature, plasma power, deposition time, gas flow, and pressure on graphene’s [...] Read more.

Graphene was directly grown on SiO₂/Si substrates using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to investigate how synthesis-driven variations in structure and doping influence carrier transport. The effects of synthesis temperature, plasma power, deposition time, gas flow, and pressure on graphene’s structure and electronic properties were systematically studied. Raman spectroscopy revealed non-monotonic changes in layer number, defect density, and doping levels, reflecting the complex interplay between growth, etching, and self-doping mechanisms. The surface morphology and conductivity were assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Charge carrier mobility, extracted from graphene-based field-effect transistors, showed strong correlations with Raman features, including the intensity ratios and positions of the Two-dimension (2D) and G peaks. Importantly, mobility did not correlate with defect density but was linked to reduced self-doping and a weaker graphene–substrate interaction rather than intrinsic structural disorder. These findings suggest that charge transport in PECVD-grown graphene is predominantly limited by interfacial and doping effects. This study offers valuable insights into the synthesis–structure–property relationship, which is crucial for optimizing graphene for electronic and sensing applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

14 pages, 2689 KB

Open AccessArticle

Tunable Electronic Bandgaps and Optical and Magnetic Properties in Antiferromagnetic MPS₃/GaN (M = Mn, Fe, and Ni) Heterobilayers

by Shijian Tian, Li Han, Libo Zhang, Kaixuan Zhang, Mengjie Jiang, Jie Wang, Shiqi Lan, Xuyang Lv, Yichong Zhang, Aijiang Lu, Yan Huang, Huaizhong Xing and Xiaoshuang Chen

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(11), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15110832 - 30 May 2025

Viewed by 1181

Abstract

Research on two dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic materials and heterobilayers is gaining prominence in spintronics. This study focuses on MPS₃ monolayers and their van der Waals heterobilayers with GaN monolayers. We systematically investigated the structural stability, electronic properties, and magnetic characteristics of MPS [...] Read more.

Research on two dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic materials and heterobilayers is gaining prominence in spintronics. This study focuses on MPS₃ monolayers and their van der Waals heterobilayers with GaN monolayers. We systematically investigated the structural stability, electronic properties, and magnetic characteristics of MPS₃ (M = Mn, Fe, and Ni) monolayers via first-principles calculations, and explored their potential applications in optoelectronics and spintronics. Through phonon spectrum analysis, the dynamic stability of MPS₃ monolayers was confirmed, and their bond lengths, charge distributions, and wide-bandgap semiconductor properties were analyzed in detail. In addition, the potential applications of MPS₃ monolayers in UV detection were explored. Upon constructing the MPS₃/GaN heterobilayer structure, a significant reduction in the bandgap was observed, thereby expanding its potential applications in the visible light spectrum. The intrinsic antiferromagnetic nature of MPS₃ monolayers was confirmed through calculations, with the magnetic moments of the magnetic atoms M being 4.560, 3.672, and 1.517, respectively. Moreover, the heterobilayer structures further enhanced the magnetic moments of these elements. The magnetic properties of MPS₃ monolayers were further analyzed using spin-orbit coupling (SOC), confirming their magnetic anisotropy. These results provide a theoretical basis for the design of novel two-dimensional spintronic and optoelectronic devices based on MPS₃. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 3098 KB

Open AccessArticle

Terahertz Reconfigurable Planar Graphene Hybrid Yagi–Uda Antenna

by Qimeng Liu, Renbin Zhong, Boli Xu, Jiale Dong, Gefu Teng, Ke Zhong, Zhenhua Wu, Kaichun Zhang, Min Hu and Diwei Liu

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(7), 488; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15070488 - 25 Mar 2025

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1455

Abstract

In this paper, we design a frequency reconfigurable antenna for terahertz communication. The antenna is based on a Yagi design, with the main radiating elements being a pair of dipole antennas printed on the top and bottom of a dielectric substrate, respectively. The [...] Read more.

In this paper, we design a frequency reconfigurable antenna for terahertz communication. The antenna is based on a Yagi design, with the main radiating elements being a pair of dipole antennas printed on the top and bottom of a dielectric substrate, respectively. The director and reflector elements give the antenna end-fire characteristics. The ends of the two arms of the dipole are constructed by staggered metal and graphene parasitic patches. By utilizing the effect of gate voltage on the conductivity of graphene, the equivalent length of the dipole antenna arms are altered and thereby adjust the antenna’s operating frequency. The proposed reconfigurable hybrid Yagi–Uda antenna can operate in five frequency bands separately at a peak gain of 4.53 dB. This reconfigurable antenna can meet the diverse requirements of the system without changing its structure and can reduce the size and cost while improving the performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 4688 KB

Open AccessArticle

Grain Boundary Guided Folding of Graphene for Twisted Bilayer Graphene

by Feiru Feng, Kun Zhou, Kang Zhang, Liya Wang, Ruijie Wang, Jun Xia and Chun Tang

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(7), 482; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15070482 - 24 Mar 2025

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1349

Abstract

Bilayer graphene exhibits intriguing physical and mechanical properties that are suitable for advanced electronic device applications. By introducing a new degree of freedom through interlayer twisting, exotic phenomena such as superconductivity can arise. However, in practical experiments, manual manipulation is often required to [...] Read more.

Bilayer graphene exhibits intriguing physical and mechanical properties that are suitable for advanced electronic device applications. By introducing a new degree of freedom through interlayer twisting, exotic phenomena such as superconductivity can arise. However, in practical experiments, manual manipulation is often required to fabricate such a configuration and therefore, scaled production of magic angle bilayer graphene is challenging. In this work, we propose utilizing the grain boundaries and accompanying localized out-of-plane deformation in graphene to facilitate twisted bi-layer graphene formation. Based on molecular dynamics simulations, the structure folding process along the boundary line is examined where a lower energetic cost is found. Once stabilized, the folded bilayer structure shows twist angles that differ visibly from the conventional AA or AB stacking modes and can achieve twist angles close to the 1.1° magic angle. This observation suggests a potential novel strategy for synthesizing stable twisted bilayer graphene or other two dimensional van der Waals heterostructures with greater efficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 7142 KB

Open AccessArticle

Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-67-Derived NiCoMn-Layered Double Hydroxides Nanosheets Dispersedly Grown on the Conductive Networks of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Hybrid Supercapacitors

by Yingying Li, Qin Zhou and Yongfu Lian

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(7), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15070481 - 23 Mar 2025

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2074

Abstract

A supercapacitor’s energy storage capability is greatly dependent on electrode materials. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were extensively studied as battery-type electrodes because of their 2D structure and quick intercalation/deintercalation of electrolyte ions. However, the energy storage capability for pristine LDHs is limited by [...] Read more.

A supercapacitor’s energy storage capability is greatly dependent on electrode materials. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were extensively studied as battery-type electrodes because of their 2D structure and quick intercalation/deintercalation of electrolyte ions. However, the energy storage capability for pristine LDHs is limited by their large aggregation tendency and poor electrical conductivity. Herein, a novel NiCoMn-LDH/SWCNTs (single-walled carbon nanotubes) composite electrode material, with ultrathin NiCoMn-LDH nanosheets dispersedly grown among the highly conductive networks of SWCNTs, was prepared via a facile zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67)-derived in situ etching and deposition procedure. The NiCoMn-LDH/SWCNTs electrode demonstrates a specific capacitance as large as 1704.3 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹, which is ascribed to its exposure of more active sites than NiCoMn-LDH. Moreover, the assembled NiCoMn-LDH/SWCNTs//BGA (boron-doped graphene aerogel) hybrid supercapacitor exhibits a superior capacitance of 167.9 F g⁻¹ at 1.0 A g⁻¹, an excellent energy density of 45.7 Wh kg⁻¹ with a power density of 700 W kg⁻¹, and an outstanding cyclic stability with 82.3% incipient capacitance maintained when subjected to 5000 charge and discharge cycles at the current density of 10 A g⁻¹, suggesting the significant potential of NiCoMn-LDH/SWCNTs as the electrode material applicable in supercapacitors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

13 pages, 3082 KB

Open AccessArticle

Tungsten Diselenide Nanoparticles Produced via Femtosecond Ablation for SERS and Theranostics Applications

by Andrei Ushkov, Dmitriy Dyubo, Nadezhda Belozerova, Ivan Kazantsev, Dmitry Yakubovsky, Alexander Syuy, Gleb V. Tikhonowski, Daniil Tselikov, Ilya Martynov, Georgy Ermolaev, Dmitriy Grudinin, Alexander Melentev, Anton A. Popov, Alexander Chernov, Alexey D. Bolshakov, Andrey A. Vyshnevyy, Aleksey Arsenin, Andrei V. Kabashin, Gleb I. Tselikov and Valentyn Volkov

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15010004 - 24 Dec 2024

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2571

Abstract

Due to their high refractive index, record optical anisotropy and a set of excitonic transitions in visible range at a room temperature, transition metal dichalcogenides have gained much attention. Here, we adapted a femtosecond laser ablation for the synthesis of WSe₂ nanoparticles [...] Read more.

Due to their high refractive index, record optical anisotropy and a set of excitonic transitions in visible range at a room temperature, transition metal dichalcogenides have gained much attention. Here, we adapted a femtosecond laser ablation for the synthesis of WSe₂ nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters from 5 to 150 nm, which conserve the crystalline structure of the original bulk crystal. This method was chosen due to its inherently substrate-additive-free nature and a high output level. The obtained nanoparticles absorb light stronger than the bulk crystal thanks to the local field enhancement, and they have a much higher photothermal conversion than conventional Si nanospheres. The highly mobile colloidal state of produced NPs makes them flexible for further application-dependent manipulations, which we demonstrated by creating substrates for SERS sensors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

23 pages, 2710 KB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in Chemical Vapor Deposition of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Insulating Substrates

by Hua Xu, Kai Li, Zuoquan Tan, Jiaqi Jia, Le Wang and Shanshan Chen

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(14), 1059; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15141059 - 8 Jul 2025

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3312

Abstract

Direct chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on insulating substrates offers a promising pathway to circumvent transfer-induced defects and enhance device integration. This comprehensive review systematically evaluates recent advances in CVD techniques for h-BN synthesis on insulating substrates, including [...] Read more.

Direct chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on insulating substrates offers a promising pathway to circumvent transfer-induced defects and enhance device integration. This comprehensive review systematically evaluates recent advances in CVD techniques for h-BN synthesis on insulating substrates, including metal–organic CVD (MOCVD), low-pressure CVD (LPCVD), atmospheric-pressure CVD (APCVD), and plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD). Key challenges, including precursor selection, high-temperature processing, achieving single-crystalline films, and maintaining phase purity, are critically analyzed. Special emphasis is placed on comparative performance metrics across different growth methodologies. Furthermore, crucial research directions for future development in this field are outlined. This review aims to serve as a reference for advancing h-BN synthesis toward practical applications in next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 9120 KB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Atomic Manipulation of 2D Materials by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Advances in Graphene and Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

by Tingting Wang, Lingtao Zhan, Teng Zhang, Yan Li, Haolong Fan, Xiongbai Cao, Zhenru Zhou, Qinze Yu, Cesare Grazioli, Huixia Yang, Quanzhen Zhang and Yeliang Wang

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(12), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15120888 - 8 Jun 2025

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4438

Abstract

This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in atomic-scale manipulation of two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM, originally developed for high-resolution imaging, has evolved into a powerful tool for precise manipulation [...] Read more.

This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in atomic-scale manipulation of two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM, originally developed for high-resolution imaging, has evolved into a powerful tool for precise manipulation of 2D materials, enabling translational, rotational, folding, picking, and etching operations at the nanoscale. These manipulation techniques are critical for constructing custom heterostructures, tuning electronic properties, and exploring dynamic behaviors such as superlubricity, strain engineering, phase transitions, and quantum confinement effects. We detail the fundamental mechanisms behind STM-based manipulations and present representative experimental results, including stress-induced bandgap modulation, tip-induced phase transformations, and atomic-precision nanostructuring. The versatility and cleanliness of STM offer unique advantages over conventional transfer methods, paving the way for innovative applications in nanoelectronics, quantum devices, and 2D material-based systems. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future prospects of integrating STM manipulation with advanced computational techniques for automated nanofabrication. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 8734 KB

Open AccessReview

Graphene Oxide Research: Current Developments and Future Directions

by Meiqiu Zhan, Minjie Xu, Weijun Lin, Haijie He and Chuang He

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(7), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15070507 - 28 Mar 2025

Cited by 50 | Viewed by 8743

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO), a pivotal derivative of graphene, has revolutionized nanotechnology with its tunable physicochemical properties and interdisciplinary applications in energy storage, environmental remediation, and biomedicine. Despite its exponential research growth, existing reviews remain fragmented, lacking holistic insights into evolving synthesis–application linkages, global [...] Read more.

Graphene oxide (GO), a pivotal derivative of graphene, has revolutionized nanotechnology with its tunable physicochemical properties and interdisciplinary applications in energy storage, environmental remediation, and biomedicine. Despite its exponential research growth, existing reviews remain fragmented, lacking holistic insights into evolving synthesis–application linkages, global collaboration patterns, and emerging convergence trends. This study bridges these gaps through a scientometric analysis of 14,124 peer-reviewed articles (2022–2025) from the Web of Science Core Collection, utilizing CiteSpace for co-occurrence network mapping, burst detection, and cluster analysis. Key findings reveal (1) a thematic shift from traditional synthesis optimization (e.g., Hummers’ method) toward driven material design and sustainable applications like GO membranes for water purification; (2) China’s dominance in publication output (38.5%) contrasts with the U.S. and Europe’s leadership in global collaborations; (3) interdisciplinary journals such as Chemical Engineering Journal (centrality: 0.25) and emerging clusters like “circular economy” signal transformative priorities; and (4) critical gaps in scalability, ecological safety, and cost-effective production hinder industrial translation. This work provides a roadmap for aligning research with sustainability goals, fostering global partnerships, and accelerating innovations in scalable nanotechnology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition))

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (2nd Edition)

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (13 papers)

Research

Review

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI