The Current View on Apicomplexan Parasites: Structure, Function, Evolution, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Public Health Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1170

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: cytoskeleton; apicomplexa; phylogenetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of our 2023 Special Issue "The Current View on Apicomplexan Parasites: Structure, Function, Evolution”.

Apicomplexan parasites cause serious illnesses, including malaria, in humans and domestic animals. The namesake of this phylum is the apical complex, a structure composed of specific organelles and cytoskeletal elements. How parasitism depends on the specific structure of these protists is still a poorly understood area. The host-parasite interaction is influenced by a number of apicomplexan-specific macromolecules. Apicomplexans contain also the apicoplast, a relict chloroplast. Studying this organelle helps understanding how apicomplexan parasites evolved from their free-living ancestors. Thus, this phylum is an extremely interesting one from evolutionary point of view as well.

The aim of this volume is to provide a broad overview of the current state of apicomplexan research. Therefore, on the one hand, we expect review papers, and on the other hand, articles presenting current results, from all areas of the field. Articles about less popular species are especially welcome (e.g. gregarines) as well as phylogenetic works and structural studies.

Dr. Ferenc Orosz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • apicomplexans
  • apical complex
  • conoid
  • apicoplast
  • aconoidasida
  • conoidasida
  • gregarinasina
  • plasmodium
  • toxoplasma
  • host-pathogen interaction
  • phylogenetics
  • evolution

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 5520 KiB  
Review
An Overview of the Neglected Modes of Existence in Avian Haemosporidian Parasites
by Gediminas Valkiūnas and Tatjana Iezhova
Microorganisms 2025, 13(5), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13050987 - 25 Apr 2025
Viewed by 94
Abstract
Haemosporidian parasites (Apicomplexa, Haemosporida) are diverse obligatory heteroxenous protists, which infect all major groups of terrestrial vertebrates and use dipterous blood-sucking insects as vectors. These pathogens are responsible for various diseases, including malaria, which remains an important human and animal illness. In the [...] Read more.
Haemosporidian parasites (Apicomplexa, Haemosporida) are diverse obligatory heteroxenous protists, which infect all major groups of terrestrial vertebrates and use dipterous blood-sucking insects as vectors. These pathogens are responsible for various diseases, including malaria, which remains an important human and animal illness. In the wild, haemosporidians are particularly diverse in reptiles and birds in tropical countries, where they are flourishing. Avian haemosporidians have been particularly extensively investigated, especially due to their high prevalence and global distribution, including the countries with cold climates. The general scheme of the life cycle of haemosporidians is known, but the details of development remain insufficiently investigated or even unknown in most of the described parasite species, suggesting the existence of knowledge gaps. This attracts attention to some recent observations, which remain fragmentary but suggest the existence of formerly neglected or underestimated modes of the haemosporidians’ survival in vertebrates. Such findings are worth discussion as they indicate the novel directions in wildlife haemosporidian research. This article overviews some recent findings, which call for broadening of the orthodox views on modes of existence of haemosporidian parasites in avian hosts. Among them are the role of blood merogony in the long-lasting persistence of malaria parasites in birds, the role of gametocytes in the long-lasting survival of Haemoproteus species in vertebrates, the possible reasons of undetectable avian Haemoproteus infections due to peculiarities of exo-erythrocytic development, and the plausible factors driving the narrow vertebrate host specificity of Haemoproteus species. Full article
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