Halophilic Microorganisms, 3rd Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 477

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous special issue "Halophilic Microorganisms, 2nd Edition"

Halophiles are microorganisms adapted for living at hypersaline environments and other saline products. Most of them belong to the bacteria and archaea domains, and their interest is of special relevance both for their adaptation mechanisms to extreme conditions and for their potential biotechnological applications. In recent years, the isolation and taxonomic characterization of halophiles have allowed us to learn more in detail about their heterogeneity, their metabolic and physiological diversity, or ecological distribution and biodiversity. Culture-independent techniques, such as metagenomics and -omics studies, are particularly providing an incentive these studies on halophiles to continue, as there is still an immense field to explore in this regard.

In this Special Issue of Microorganisms, you are invited to send contributions (original articles as well as reviews) concerning the biology, taxonomy, biodiversity, and biotechnological applications of halophilic microorganisms, as well as using genomic and metagenomic approaches to study microbial communities. Information that will improve our understanding of the role of halophilic microorganisms in hypersaline environments, their adaptation to the environmental conditions, their genetic and functional diversity, and their phylogenetic position is especially welcome.

Prof. Dr. Cristina Sánchez-Porro
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • obligate halophiles
  • bacteria
  • archaea
  • taxonomy and biodiversity
  • biotechnology
  • genomics
  • metagenomics
  • physiology and metabolism
  • hypersaline habitats

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 7933 KiB  
Article
Strategies of Environmental Adaptation in the Haloarchaeal Genera Haloarcula and Natrinema
by Dáša Straková, Cristina Sánchez-Porro, Rafael R. de la Haba and Antonio Ventosa
Microorganisms 2025, 13(4), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040761 - 27 Mar 2025
Viewed by 363
Abstract
Haloarchaea, a group of extremophilic archaea, thrive in hypersaline environments characterized not only by high salinity but also by other extreme conditions, such as intense UV radiation, high osmotic pressure, heavy metal contamination, oxidative stress, and fluctuating temperatures. This study investigates the environmental [...] Read more.
Haloarchaea, a group of extremophilic archaea, thrive in hypersaline environments characterized not only by high salinity but also by other extreme conditions, such as intense UV radiation, high osmotic pressure, heavy metal contamination, oxidative stress, and fluctuating temperatures. This study investigates the environmental adaptation strategies of species of two genera, Haloarcula and Natrinema, the second and third largest haloarchaeal genera, respectively, after Halorubrum. Comparative genomic analyses were conducted on 48 species from both genera to elucidate their genomic diversity, metabolic potential, and stress-tolerance mechanisms. The genomes revealed diverse metabolic pathways, including rhodopsin-mediated phototrophy, nitrogen assimilation, and thiamine biosynthesis, which support their survival and adaptation to extreme conditions. The analysis identified mechanisms for oxidative stress mitigation, DNA repair, “salt-in” and “salt-out” osmoregulatory strategies, adaptations to temperature shifts and heavy metal exposure, and immune defense. Experimental validation of four representative species, Haloarcula terrestris S1AR25-5AT, Haloarcula saliterrae S1CR25-12T, Haloarcula onubensis S3CR25-11T, and Natrinema salsiterrestre S1CR25-10T, isolated from the heavy-metal-rich hypersaline soils in the Odiel Saltmarshes (Huelva, Spain), demonstrated their tolerance, especially to arsenic, corroborating genomic predictions. This study advances our understanding of the resilience of haloarchaea under poly-extreme conditions and underscores their ecological significance and promise for biotechnological applications, such as the bioremediation of heavy-metal-polluted environments and the production of valuable biomolecules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Halophilic Microorganisms, 3rd Edition)
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