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Microorganisms
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Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition
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Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 7594

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andrea Micke Moreno

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Interests: infectious diseases; antimicrobial resistance; zoonotic pathogens; molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luisa Zanolli Moreno

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
Interests: bacterial pathogens; antimicrobial resistance; zoonotic diseases; epidemiology; bioinformatics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous Special Issue "Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine".

Bacterial infections are a prominent issue in veterinary medicine, whether in livestock, pets, aquiculture or wildlife. In the genomic era, researchers are continuously improving diagnostic approaches and enhancing epidemiologic knowledge of bacterial pathogens, particularly emerging ones. Zoonotic pathogens remain a problem and have adapted to newer relationships formed between humans and animals and the evolution of animal production systems. Associated with the global burden of antimicrobial resistance, the treatment and prevention of diseases have also led to challenges for some pathogens and hosts.

For this Special Issue of Microorganisms, we welcome contributions that provide recent insights into animal bacterial diseases in the context of One Health, as well as antimicrobial use and associated antimicrobial resistance. We seek original research, short communications, and reviews regarding all aspects of diagnosis, epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and disease impact, as well as recent treatment and prevention approaches.

Dr. Andrea Micke Moreno
Dr. Luisa Zanolli Moreno
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • veterinary microbiology
  • bacterial infection
  • One Health
  • antimicrobial resistance

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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14 pages, 1652 KB  
Article
Serotypes, MIC-Based Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Genotypic Diversity of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Isolates from Diseased Pigs in Brazil
by Barbara L. P. Costa, Carlos E. C. Matajira, André P. Poor, Matheus S. Monteiro, Luisa Z. Moreno, Maurício C. Dutra and Andrea M. Moreno
Microorganisms 2026, 14(4), 828; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14040828 - 4 Apr 2026
Viewed by 428
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a major swine pathogen that causes pleuropneumonia and leads to substantial economic losses due to mortality, impaired growth, and carcass condemnation. Nineteen serovars have been described, and their geographic distribution has been assessed using multiple typing approaches. High serovar diversity, [...] Read more.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a major swine pathogen that causes pleuropneumonia and leads to substantial economic losses due to mortality, impaired growth, and carcass condemnation. Nineteen serovars have been described, and their geographic distribution has been assessed using multiple typing approaches. High serovar diversity, together with limited cross-protective immunity, increases reliance on antimicrobial therapy for disease control. However, data on the genotypic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of A. pleuropneumoniae remain limited worldwide, and information on serovar distribution in Brazil is scarce. Here, we report serotyping, genotyping, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling of A. pleuropneumoniae isolated from diseased pigs in Brazil. Eighty-five isolates from eight Brazilian states were analyzed; serovars 5 and 10 were the most prevalent (38.8% and 29.4%, respectively). Ceftiofur, spectinomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tilmicosin, tulathromycin, and florfenicol showed good in vitro activity against the isolates. The highest resistance rates were observed for tylosin (98.8%), clindamycin (90.6%), chlortetracycline (67.1%), and oxytetracycline (67.1%), and multidrug resistance was detected in 55% of strains. SE-AFLP and PFGE revealed high genetic diversity, including among isolates of the same serovar, although a modest tendency to cluster by geographic origin and serovar was observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 862 KB  
Article
Impact of Exposure to Disinfectants on Presence of Efflux Pump Genes and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Escherichia coli Isolates
by Fernanda Borges Barbosa, Beatriz Rodrigues Takeda, Gabriella Garcia Ilion Vicentini, Gabriel Gandolfi, Victória Galdino Pavlenco Rocha, Leticia Soares Franco, Marcos Paulo Vieira Cunha and Terezinha Knöbl
Microorganisms 2025, 13(12), 2700; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13122700 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 773
Abstract
Disinfectant tolerance in bacteria may be related to exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of disinfectants, which may activate efflux pumps capable of expelling antimicrobial compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of disinfection on the presence of efflux pump genes [...] Read more.
Disinfectant tolerance in bacteria may be related to exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of disinfectants, which may activate efflux pumps capable of expelling antimicrobial compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of disinfection on the presence of efflux pump genes and the resistance profile of Escherichia coli from commercial laying farms employing different disinfection protocols. The emrE, qacE, qacEΔ1, qacH, sugE(c), ydgE, ydgF, and class 1 integron (intl1) genes were investigated using PCR. Susceptibility to 17 antibiotics was assessed, including β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines. Disinfectant exposure was significantly associated with higher frequencies of qacE and qacH, and a reduced frequency of ydgF. Moreover, resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, and doxycycline was significantly more frequent in E. coli isolated from chickens exposed to disinfectants. These findings indicate that disinfectant use can select for E. coli carrying efflux pump genes and resistance genes, favoring the survival and dissemination of tolerant and resistant strains in poultry production. Continuous monitoring and the development of disinfection strategies that minimize selective pressures are crucial for limiting the spread of antimicrobial resistance at the animal–human–environment interface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 916 KB  
Article
Fluoroquinolone Residues in Piglet Viscera and Their Impact on Intestinal Microbiota Resistance: A One Health Approach
by Olga Cardoso, Maria Manuel Donato, Sara Carolina Henriques and Fernando Ramos
Microorganisms 2025, 13(6), 1389; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061389 - 14 Jun 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 940
Abstract
The presence of fluoroquinolone (FQ) residues in food-producing animals has raised concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluated the occurrence of FQ residues in the liver and kidneys of piglets and their association with resistance patterns in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species from [...] Read more.
The presence of fluoroquinolone (FQ) residues in food-producing animals has raised concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluated the occurrence of FQ residues in the liver and kidneys of piglets and their association with resistance patterns in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species from piglets’ intestinal microbiota. FQ residues were found in 44% of livers and 23% of kidneys. Among 340 E. coli isolates from feces, resistance to ciprofloxacin (CIP) (43.2%) and multidrug resistance (MDR) (82.7%) were prominent. The presence of FQ in kidneys significantly increased the odds of CIP-resistant E. coli (OR = 2.94, p = 0.0013) and MDR (OR = 2.70, p = 0.0047). Enterococci (n = 130) were evenly distributed among the species E. faecalis, E. faecium, and Enterococcus spp. and presented resistance to CIP (34.6%). FQ in kidneys were associated with higher odds of CIP-resistant enterococci (OR = 3.78, p = 0.015). Interaction models revealed species-dependent responses, with Enterococcus spp. showing high resistance in the presence of FQ in kidneys (OR = 18, p = 0.006), while E. faecium exhibited lower resistance compared to E. faecalis. These findings emphasize the role of FQ residues in promoting bacterial resistance and underscore the need for the stricter regulation and routine surveillance of antimicrobial use in livestock to curb the spread of bacterial resistance to clinical drugs, and mitigate public health risks—One Health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 2692 KB  
Article
Isolation, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Genotypes of Three Pasteurellaeae Species Prevalent on Pig Farms in China Between 2021 and 2023
by Fangxin Li, Xin Zong, Guosheng Chen, Yu Zhang, Qi Cao, Lu Li, Huanchun Chen, Zhong Peng and Chen Tan
Microorganisms 2025, 13(4), 938; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040938 - 18 Apr 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1286
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida (PM), Glaesserella parasuis (GPS), and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) are among the species with the top five isolation rates on Chinese pig farms annually. To understand the antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypes of these three pathogens that are currently prevalent on pig farms, [...] Read more.
Pasteurella multocida (PM), Glaesserella parasuis (GPS), and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) are among the species with the top five isolation rates on Chinese pig farms annually. To understand the antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypes of these three pathogens that are currently prevalent on pig farms, we investigated 151 bacterial strains (64 PM, 48 GPS, and 39 APP) isolated from 4190 samples from farms in 12 Chinese provinces between 2021 and 2023. The prevalent serotypes were PM type D (50.0%), GPS type 5/12 (47.92%), and APP type 7 (35.90%). A relatively high proportion of PM and APP were resistant to ampicillin (PM, 93.75%; APP, 71.79%), tilmicosin (PM, 64.06%; APP, 58.97%), tetracycline (PM, 43.75%; APP, 61.54%), and enrofloxacin (PM, 34.38%; APP, 10.26%). Ampicillin, tetracycline, and enrofloxacin exhibited low MIC90 values against GPS (8 µg/mL), while sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim had a high MIC90 value (512 µg/mL). A total of 18 genes conferring resistance to various antimicrobial classes were identified, and tet(L), tet(M), tet(A), blaTEM, sul2, aph(3′)-Ia, dfrA12, qnrS1, strA, sul3, and mef(B) exhibited a high frequency of identification (≥70%). The analysis of regular virulence factor genes showed that several genes, including fimB, fimA, fimD, fimF, and fepG, were found in all PM, GPS, and APP strains. However, certain genes exhibited species-specific preferences, even if they belonged to the same category. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 4848 KB  
Brief Report
Clinical Mastitis in Small Ruminants Referred to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital: 23 Cases
by Gabriel Inácio Brito, Liz de Albuquerque Cerqueira, Simone Perecmanis, José Renato Junqueira Borges, Márcio Botelho de Castro and Antonio Carlos Lopes Câmara
Microorganisms 2025, 13(7), 1512; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13071512 - 28 Jun 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3688
Abstract
Clinical mastitis in small ruminants is usually seen with an incidence of less than 5% and most cases, especially with hyperacute evolution, are not referred for hospital care. During the 5-year survey, 16 goats and 7 sheep, totaling 23 small ruminants, met the [...] Read more.
Clinical mastitis in small ruminants is usually seen with an incidence of less than 5% and most cases, especially with hyperacute evolution, are not referred for hospital care. During the 5-year survey, 16 goats and 7 sheep, totaling 23 small ruminants, met the inclusion criteria with a definitive diagnosis of clinical mastitis. Clinical signs ranged greatly among cases, varying from septic state in hyperacute cases, and enlarged, pendulous udder associated with chronic pain and abnormal gait in chronic cases. Microbiological culture revealed a wide array of bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp., and Pasteurella spp. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility profiles varied greatly among bacteria isolates, ranging from sensitive to all tested antimicrobials to a multi-resistant profile. Pathological features included hyperemia and dark red areas of necrosis in the skin, marked hyperemia of the affected gland at the cut surface, lactiferous ducts and gland cisterns filled by cloudy or suppurative fluid, abscesses, and hardness of the mammary gland parenchyma. This retrospective study highlights the multifactorial nature and clinical variability of mastitis in small ruminants, demonstrating its significant impact on animal health, welfare, and production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, 2nd Edition)
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