Pathogenic Microbes in the Environment and Infectious Disease Control

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1611

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Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, 21 Ilia Papakyriakou, 2414 Engomi, Nicosia CY-1700, Cyprus
Interests: infectious parasitic diseases; neglected diseases; climate change
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The presence of pathogenic microbes in the environment is of significant concern for public health. These microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, are responsible for a plethora of infectious diseases that affect human and animal populations. This summary will explore the relationships between environmental factors, the spread of infectious diseases, and the strategies employed for their control. The environment harbours various pathogenic microbes with unique characteristics and disease-causing potentials. Common examples include E. coli and Cryptosporidium in water sources, Salmonella in food products, and influenza viruses in the air. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and organic matter can influence the survival and proliferation of pathogenic microbes. These factors can also affect the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases.

This Special Issue will delve into the intricate relationship between pathogenic microbes in the environment and strategies for controlling the infectious diseases that they cause. It will bring together interdisciplinary research works, offering insights into the latest findings and innovations in this field. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • How various environmental reservoirs, such as the soil, water, and air, serve as natural habitats for pathogenic microbes.
  • The epidemiology of infectious diseases, focusing on the transmission dynamics of pathogenic microbes.
  • The effective control of infectious diseases, involving a combination of strategies.

Prof. Dr. Panagiotis Karanis
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pathogens
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • fungi
  • parasites
  • environment
  • epidemiology
  • control

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 3226 KiB  
Article
Odontites linkii subsp. cyprius Ethanolic Extract Indicated In Vitro Anti-Acanthamoeba Effect
by Chad Schou, Zeynep Kolören, Jandirk Sendker, Yiannis Sarigiannis, Aleksandar Jovanovic and Panagiotis Karanis
Microorganisms 2024, 12(11), 2303; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12112303 - 13 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1182
Abstract
This study aims to investigate three endemic ethanolic leaf extracts from Cyprus for anti-Acanthamoeba activities: Odontites linkii subsp. cyprius (Boiss.) Bolliger, Ptilostemon chamaepeuce subsp. cyprius (Greuter) Chrtek & B. Slavík, and Quercus alnifolia Poech. Screening for radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate three endemic ethanolic leaf extracts from Cyprus for anti-Acanthamoeba activities: Odontites linkii subsp. cyprius (Boiss.) Bolliger, Ptilostemon chamaepeuce subsp. cyprius (Greuter) Chrtek & B. Slavík, and Quercus alnifolia Poech. Screening for radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were performed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABST) methods, Folin–Ciocalteu method, and aluminum chloride method, respectively. An antibacterial-susceptibility test (AST) was performed using a broth microdilution assay to estimate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT). Trypan blue (0.5%) was used to assess in vitro anti-Acanthamoeba cell viability of the ethanolic leaf extracts after 24-, 48-, and 72-h exposure—screening of ethanolic leaf extracts with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for known compounds with biological activity. The ethanolic leaf extract of Odontites linkii subsp. cyprius demonstrated the highest anti-Acanthamoeba activity, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 7.02 mg/mL after 72 h. This extract also showed an in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.625 mg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis, a common nosocomial pathogen. The LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive iridoid compounds in O. linkii subsp. cyprius, further highlighting its potential as a source for new drug compounds. The ethanolic extract of O. linkii subsp. cyprius demonstrated a dose-dependent and time-dependent anti-Acanthamoeba effect in vitro. This study is the first to report the presence of iridoid compounds and anti-Acanthamoeba activities in the ethanolic extract of O. linkii subsp. cyprius. These promising findings highlight the potential of plant extracts, particularly O. linkii subsp. cyprius, as a source for new drug compounds for Acanthamoeba infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenic Microbes in the Environment and Infectious Disease Control)
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