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Metals
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Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys
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Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 10496

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mikhail I. Petrzhik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National University of Science & Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russian Federation
Interests: functional materials; shape memory alloys; bulk metallic glasses; nanomaterials and methods for their production; surface engineering; micro- and nanoscale structures; materials characterization and testing, nanoindentation; tribology.
Dr. Elena P. Ryklina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Metal Forming Department, National University of Science & Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russia
Interests: shape memory alloys; titanium nickelide; thermomechanical treatment (TMT); severe plastic deformation (SPD); ageing; microstructure; martensitic transformations; structural heredity; mechanical and functional characteristics and their reproducibility; medical and technical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The purpose of this Special Issue of Metals is to summarize our current understanding of the nature of shape memory alloys (SMAs) and the directions for tailoring their structure and functional properties, which have provided them with successful applications. Among them, we should mention the development of new technologies for processing SMAs to confer functional properties and structures, including melt quenching, additive technologies, thermomechanical treatment, and other technologies that allow us to obtain submicron- and nanoscaled structures and to develop porous and thermally stable alloys for various applications. Methods for diagnosing the functional properties of SMAs and the modeling of mechanical behavior are also suitable topics for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Mikhail I. Petrzhik
Dr. Elena P. Ryklina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Martensitic Transformations
  • Shape Memory Phenomena
  • Shape Memory Alloys and Methods for Their Production
  • Thermomechanical Treatment (TMT)
  • Micro, Nano, and Porous Structures
  • Texture
  • Functional Behavior
  • Application
  • Modeling

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 6028 KiB  
Article
Effect of External Impacts on the Structure and Martensitic Transformation of Rapidly Quenched TiNiCu Alloys
by Alexander Shelyakov, Nikolay Sitnikov, Irina Zaletova, Natalia Tabachkova and Nikolay Andreev
Metals 2021, 11(10), 1528; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101528 - 26 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1359
Abstract
TiNi-TiCu quasibinary system alloys with a high Cu content produced by rapid quenching from liquid state in the form of thin amorphous ribbons exhibit pronounced shape memory effect after crystallization and are promising materials for miniaturized and fast operating devices. There is currently [...] Read more.
TiNi-TiCu quasibinary system alloys with a high Cu content produced by rapid quenching from liquid state in the form of thin amorphous ribbons exhibit pronounced shape memory effect after crystallization and are promising materials for miniaturized and fast operating devices. There is currently no complete clarity of the mechanisms of structure formation during crystallization from the amorphous state that determine the structure-sensitive properties of these alloys. This work deals with the effect of the initial amorphous state structure and crystallization method of the alloys on their structure and phase transformations. To this end the alloy containing 30 at.% Cu was subjected to thermal and mechanical impact in the amorphous state and crystallized using isothermal or electropulse treatment. We show that after all types of treatment in the amorphous state the structure of the alloy remains almost completely amorphous but the characteristic temperatures and enthalpy of crystallization become slightly lower. Isothermal crystallization of alloy specimens produces a submicrocrystalline structure with an average grain size in the 0.4–1.0 μm range whereas electropulse crystallization generates a bimorphic structure consisting of large 4–6 μm grains and 2–3 μm high columnar crystals in the vicinity of the surface. The grains have nanosized plate-like and subgrain structures. The largest grains are observed in thermally activated samples, meanwhile, mechanical impact in the amorphous state leads to the formation of equiaxed finer grains with a less defective subgrain structure and to the shift of the temperature range of the martensitic transformation toward lower temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys)
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15 pages, 8825 KiB  
Article
Molecular Dynamics Study of Bulk Properties of Polycrystalline NiTi
by Jeongwoo Lee and Yung C. Shin
Metals 2021, 11(8), 1237; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11081237 - 4 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2738
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the bulk polycrystalline properties of NiTi. Thermally driven phase transitions of NiTi between martensite and austenitewere simulated using single crystalline simulation domains. With external stress boundary conditions, MD simulation successfully predicted experimentally observed phase [...] Read more.
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the bulk polycrystalline properties of NiTi. Thermally driven phase transitions of NiTi between martensite and austenitewere simulated using single crystalline simulation domains. With external stress boundary conditions, MD simulation successfully predicted experimentally observed phase transformation temperatures of bulk polycrystalline. Elastic characteristics of NiTi martensite were simulated using polycrystalline simulation domains that consist of realistic disorientations and grain boundary structures. The existence of grain disorientation and grain boundary lowered the potential energy of the simulation domain, which led to more realistic elastic modulus prediction. Analysis of simulation domains that predicted realistic bulk polycrystalline properties showed that the major difference between single crystalline and polycrystalline structures is atomic stress distribution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys)
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15 pages, 4053 KiB  
Article
Shape Memory Effect and Superelasticity of [001]-Oriented FeNiCoAlNb Single Crystals Aged under and without Stress
by Yuriy I. Chumlyakov, Irina V. Kireeva, Zinaida V. Pobedennaya, Philipp Krooß and Thomas Niendorf
Metals 2021, 11(6), 943; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11060943 - 10 Jun 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1708
Abstract
The two-step ageing of Fe-28Ni-17Co-11.5Al-2.5Nb (at.%) single crystals under and without stress, leads to the precipitation of the γ′- and β-phase particles. Research has shown that γ–α′ thermoelastic martensitic transformation (MT), with shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE), develops in the [001]-oriented [...] Read more.
The two-step ageing of Fe-28Ni-17Co-11.5Al-2.5Nb (at.%) single crystals under and without stress, leads to the precipitation of the γ′- and β-phase particles. Research has shown that γ–α′ thermoelastic martensitic transformation (MT), with shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE), develops in the [001]-oriented crystals under tension. SE was observed within the range from the temperature of the start of MT upon cooling Ms, to the temperature of the end of the reverse MT upon heating Af, and at temperatures from Af to 323–373 K. It was found that at γ–α′ MT in the [001]-oriented crystals, with γ′- and β-phase particles, a high level of elastic energy, ΔGel, is generated, which significantly exceeds the energy dissipation, ΔGdis. As a result, the temperature of the start of the reverse MT, while heating As, became lower than the temperature Ms. The development of γ–α′ MT under stress occurs with high values of the transformation hardening coefficient, Θ = dσ/dε from 2 to 8 GPa and low values of mechanical Δσ and thermal ΔTh hysteresis. The reasons for an increase in ΔGel during the development of γ–α′ MT under stress are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys)
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11 pages, 3745 KiB  
Article
Role of Nickel Content in One-Way and Two-Way Shape Recovery in Binary Ti-Ni Alloys
by Elena P. Ryklina, Kristina A. Polyakova and Sergey D. Prokoshkin
Metals 2021, 11(1), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11010119 - 9 Jan 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1986
Abstract
The shape recovery characteristics of titanium nickelide with an Ni content of 50.0 at % and 50.7 at % were studied in a wide range of structures obtained as a result of cold drawing with an accumulated true strain of e = 0.52 [...] Read more.
The shape recovery characteristics of titanium nickelide with an Ni content of 50.0 at % and 50.7 at % were studied in a wide range of structures obtained as a result of cold drawing with an accumulated true strain of e = 0.52 and subsequent annealing in the 250 to 700 °C temperature range. Shape memory effect (SME) inducing was carried out by bending using a non-isothermal loading mode, which made it possible to reveal implementing elastic strain in the equiatomic alloy up to 12% and thereby increase the total shape recovery by a factor of 1.5. The obtained results prove that the Ni content strongly affects the value and specific features of changes of the shape recovery characteristics with loading strain as well as grain/subgrain size. In equiatomic alloy, the total recovery strain manifests its maximum of 13.5–15% and the recovery strain of 9% at a loading strain range of 12 to 14%. In Ni-rich alloy, the total recovery strain manifests its maximum of 20% and the recovery strain of 14% at a loading strain range of 15 to 21%. The maximum two-way SME value correlates with the residual strain in both alloys and reaches its maximum of 3.0% in a material with a recrystallized structure. Varying the loading strain value under bending in the 11 to 21% range allows regulation of the temperature of shape recovery in Ni-rich alloy in the 45 to 80 °C range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys)
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Review

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32 pages, 30433 KiB  
Review
Design and Development of High-Strength and Ductile Ternary and Multicomponent Eutectoid Cu-Based Shape Memory Alloys: Problems and Perspectives
by Vladimir G. Pushin, Nataliya N. Kuranova, Alexey E. Svirid, Alexey N. Uksusnikov and Yurii M. Ustyugov
Metals 2022, 12(8), 1289; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12081289 - 30 Jul 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1967
Abstract
An overview is presented on the structural and phase transformations and physical and mechanical properties of those multicomponent copper-based shape memory alloys which demonstrate attractive commercial potential due to their low cost, good shape memory characteristics, ease of fabrication, and excellent heat and [...] Read more.
An overview is presented on the structural and phase transformations and physical and mechanical properties of those multicomponent copper-based shape memory alloys which demonstrate attractive commercial potential due to their low cost, good shape memory characteristics, ease of fabrication, and excellent heat and electrical conductivity. However, their applications are very limited due to brittleness, reduced thermal stability, and mechanical strength—properties which are closely related to the microstructural features of these alloys. The efforts of the authors of this article were aimed at obtaining a favorable microstructure of alloys using new alternative methods of thermal and thermomechanical treatments. For the first time, the cyclic martensitic transformations during repeated quenching, methods of uniaxial megaplastic compression, or torsion under high pressure were successfully applied for radical size refinement of the grain structure of polycrystalline Cu-Al-Ni-based alloys with shape memory. The design of the ultra- and fine-grained structure by different methods determined (i) an unusual combination of strength and plasticity of these initially brittle alloys, both under controlled heat or hot compression or stretching, and during subsequent tensile tests at room temperature, and, as a consequence, (ii) highly reversible shape memory effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Texture and Functional Properties of Shape Memory Alloys)
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