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Laser Assisted Processes and Thermal Treatments of Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2022) | Viewed by 8362

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: composite materials; additive manufacturing; processing–structure–property relationship

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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
Interests: material design; composite materials; additive manufacturing; structural and functional materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser is a coherent beam of electromagnetic radiation which can spatially propagate with negligible divergence and lowest power loss over a long distance; moreover, it can be focused on small spots, providing improved precision on an irradiated area. When a laser beam irradiates the surface of a material, the latter can efficiently absorb the provided thermal energy. This interaction can induce photochemical or photothermal reactions, which generate a confined temperature increase within a desired area. This mechanism is used in many material processing technologies, such as stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and laser-engineered net shaping (LENS).

However, the use of this localized heat input can cause the formation of residual stresses in the processed parts, which limits their practical use, introducing deformation or micro-cracks, and potentially reducing their load resistance. Therefore, components need heat treatments aimed at releasing the residual stresses coming from the production process.

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish original research data, review articles, communications that focus on the use of laser-assisted technologies for processing advanced materials or to induce their modifications in term of properties and functions. Then, of particular interest is the investigation of specifically designed thermal treatments of starting powders or final components.

Dr. Elisa Padovano
Prof. Dr. Claudio Francesco Badini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Laser manufacturing of metal/polymer/ceramic materials
  • Laser functionalization process
  • Laser parameters
  • Laser–matter interaction
  • Processing–structure–property relationship
  • Thermal treatments

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 4239 KiB  
Article
Short Heat Treatments for the F357 Aluminum Alloy Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
by Matteo Vanzetti, Enrico Virgillito, Alberta Aversa, Diego Manfredi, Federica Bondioli, Mariangela Lombardi and Paolo Fino
Materials 2021, 14(20), 6157; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206157 - 17 Oct 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2249
Abstract
Conventionally processed precipitation hardening aluminum alloys are generally treated with T6 heat treatments which are time-consuming and generally optimized for conventionally processed microstructures. Alternatively, parts produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) are characterized by unique microstructures made of very fine and metastable [...] Read more.
Conventionally processed precipitation hardening aluminum alloys are generally treated with T6 heat treatments which are time-consuming and generally optimized for conventionally processed microstructures. Alternatively, parts produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) are characterized by unique microstructures made of very fine and metastable phases. These peculiar features require specifically optimized heat treatments. This work evaluates the effects of a short T6 heat treatment on L-PBF AlSi7Mg samples. The samples underwent a solution step of 15 min at 540 °C followed by water quenching and subsequently by an artificial aging at 170 °C for 2–8 h. The heat treated samples were characterized from a microstructural and mechanical point of view and compared with both as-built and direct aging (DA) treated samples. The results show that a 15 min solution treatment at 540 °C allows the dissolution of the very fine phases obtained during the L-PBF process; the subsequent heat treatment at 170 °C for 6 h makes it possible to obtain slightly lower tensile properties compared to those of the standard T6. With respect to the DA samples, higher elongation was achieved. These results show that this heat treatment can be of great benefit for the industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Assisted Processes and Thermal Treatments of Materials)
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Review

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37 pages, 4202 KiB  
Review
Process Phenomena and Material Properties in Selective Laser Sintering of Polymers: A Review
by Federico Lupone, Elisa Padovano, Francesco Casamento and Claudio Badini
Materials 2022, 15(1), 183; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010183 - 27 Dec 2021
Cited by 84 | Viewed by 7199
Abstract
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a powder bed fusion technology that uses a laser source to melt selected regions of a polymer powder bed based on 3D model data. Components with complex geometry are then obtained using a layer-by-layer strategy. This additive manufacturing [...] Read more.
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a powder bed fusion technology that uses a laser source to melt selected regions of a polymer powder bed based on 3D model data. Components with complex geometry are then obtained using a layer-by-layer strategy. This additive manufacturing technology is a very complex process in which various multiphysical phenomena and different mechanisms occur and greatly influence both the quality and performance of printed parts. This review describes the physical phenomena involved in the SLS process such as powder spreading, the interaction between laser beam and powder bed, polymer melting, coalescence of fused powder and its densification, and polymer crystallization. Moreover, the main characterization approaches that can be useful to investigate the starting material properties are reported and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Assisted Processes and Thermal Treatments of Materials)
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