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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Sources and Bioactivities of Marine Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
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Sources and Bioactivities of Marine Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 5061

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Aurelie Couzinet-Mossion

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
Interests: marine lipids with biological activity and with interest in human health and nutrition; bioactive glycolipids; fatty acid and sterol compositions; marine sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids; analytical methods in structure determination and lipidomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Gilles Barnathan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
Interests: marine lipids with biological activity and with interest in human health and nutrition; bioactive glycolipids; fatty acid and sterol compositions; marine sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids; analytical methods in structure determination and lipidomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gaetane Wielgosz-Collin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
Interests: marine lipids with biological activity and with interest in human health and nutrition; bioactive glycolipids; fatty acid and sterol compositions; marine sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids; analytical methods in structure determination and lipidomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since 2013, Marine Drugs has published several Special Issues dealing with “marine lipids” in general and four with 31 papers devoted to marine fatty acids, their sources, and their bioactivities. As this field of research is very dynamic, the present Special Issue entitled “Sources and Bioactivities of Marine Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids” aims to focus especially on PUFAs isolated from marine organisms. In fact, those compounds—particularly long-chain PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)—are known to present interesting activities such as improving the efficacy and tolerability of cancer chemotherapy, cancer prevention, neuroprotective efficiency, cardiovascular disease protection, or anti-inflammatory effects. Due to their biological activities and to avoid an overconsumption of fish oil (the main source of PUFAs), new alternative renewable sources for these PUFAs are needed.

The welcomed contributions will provide noticeable extensions of knowledge from various points of view, such as the description of novel unconventional PUFAs and their possible properties, novel renewable marine sources of PUFAs, potential applications for by-products of fish industries, lipidomics approaches for the study of PUFAs, and new biological activities, but also information about the mechanisms responsible for those activities. Moreover, scientific papers dealing with biosynthetic pathways in marine organisms but also new potential applications for those PUFAs could also be considered for publication.

As Guest Editors, we invite colleagues working on marine lipids to contribute to this Special Issue of Marine Drugs with interesting papers showing significant advances within this field.

Dr. Aurelie Couzinet-Mossion
Prof. Gilles Barnathan
Dr. Gaetane Wielgosz-Collin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
  • marine organisms
  • biological activities
  • biosynthetic pathways
  • industrial applications
  • lipidomics
  • marine lipids

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2835 KiB  
Article
Effect of Nitrogen Sources on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis and Gene Expression in Thraustochytriidae sp.
by Siting Li, Zhangli Hu, Xuewei Yang and Yan Li
Mar. Drugs 2020, 18(12), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120612 - 01 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2057
Abstract
The molecular mechanism that contributes to nitrogen source dependent omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) synthesis in marine oleaginous protists Thraustochytriidae sp., was explored in this study. The fatty acid (FA) synthesis was significantly influenced by the supplement of various levels of sodium [...] Read more.
The molecular mechanism that contributes to nitrogen source dependent omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) synthesis in marine oleaginous protists Thraustochytriidae sp., was explored in this study. The fatty acid (FA) synthesis was significantly influenced by the supplement of various levels of sodium nitrate (SN) (1–50 mM) or urea (1–50 mM). Compared with SN (50 mM) cultivation, cells from urea (50 mM) cultivation accumulated 1.16-fold more n-3 PUFAs (49.49% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (w/w, of total FAs) and 5.28% docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (w/w, of total FAs)). Strikingly higher quantities of short chain FAs (<18 carbons) (52.22-fold of that in urea cultivation) were produced from SN cultivation. Ten candidate reference genes (RGs) were screened by using four statistical methods (geNorm, NormFinder, Bestkeeper and RefFinder). MFT (Mitochondrial folate transporter) and NUC (Nucleolin) were determined as the stable RGs to normalize the RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) data of essential genes related to n-3 PUFAs-synthesis. Our results elucidated that the gene transcripts of delta(3,5)-delta(2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, fatty acid elongase 3, long-chain fatty acid acyl-CoA ligase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were up-regulated under urea cultivation, contributing to the extension and unsaturated bond formation. These findings indicated that regulation of the specific genes through nitrogen source could greatly stimulate n-3 PUFA production in Thraustochytriidae sp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sources and Bioactivities of Marine Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids)
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16 pages, 1385 KiB  
Article
Temperature Differentially Affects Gene Expression in Antarctic Thraustochytrid Oblongichytrium sp. RT2316-13
by Paris Paredes, Giovanni Larama, Liset Flores, Allison Leyton, Carmen Gloria Ili, Juan A. Asenjo, Yusuf Chisti and Carolina Shene
Mar. Drugs 2020, 18(11), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/md18110563 - 18 Nov 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2480
Abstract
Oblongichytrium RT2316-13 synthesizes lipids rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The content of these fatty acids in the total lipids depended on growth temperature. Sequencing technology was used in this work to examine the thraustochytrid’s response to a decrease in [...] Read more.
Oblongichytrium RT2316-13 synthesizes lipids rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The content of these fatty acids in the total lipids depended on growth temperature. Sequencing technology was used in this work to examine the thraustochytrid’s response to a decrease in growth temperature from 15 °C to 5 °C. Around 4% (2944) of the genes were differentially expressed (DE) and only a few of the DE genes (533 upregulated; 206 downregulated) had significant matches to those in the SwissProt database. Most of the annotated DE genes were related to cell membrane composition (fatty acids, sterols, phosphatidylinositol), the membrane enzymes linked to cell energetics, and membrane structure (cytoskeletal proteins and enzymes). In RT2316-13, the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids occurred through ω3- and ω6-pathways. Enzymes of the alternative pathways (Δ8-desaturase and Δ9-elongase) were also expressed. The upregulation of the genes coding for a Δ5-desaturase and a Δ5-elongase involved in the synthesis of EPA and DHA, explained the enrichment of total lipid with these two long-chain fatty acids at the low temperature. This molecular response has the potential to be used for producing microbial lipids with a fatty acids profile similar to that of fish oils. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sources and Bioactivities of Marine Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids)
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