Latest Updates on Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistant Infection

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1886

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Companion Animal Health and Science, Silla University, Busan, Republic of Korea
Interests: enterobacteriaceae; antimicrobial resistance; infection; health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clinical isolates of microorganisms are continuously exhibiting high rates of antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics worldwide, leading to public health concerns regarding healthcare-associated infections and community-associated infections. The treatment options for antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms, including Enterobacteriaceae, glucose non-fermenting bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria, are often limited. As a result, we need to develop alternative treatment strategies, instead of empirical prescriptions, to combat antimicrobial resistance and prevent its spread by accurately characterizing bacterial profiles indicating antimicrobial susceptibility, resistant determinants, and epidemiological genotypes.

For this Special Issue, we will accept submissions reporting on emerging and re-emerging pathogens and antimicrobial resistance, including epidemiological aspects, the spread of high-risk clones, and the molecular mechanisms behind antibiotic resistance and virulence and increasing resistance to new and old antibiotics.

Dr. Jun Sung Hong
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • enterobacteriaceae
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • infection
  • health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 3463 KB  
Article
Hybrid Genome and Clinical Impact of Emerging Extensively Drug-Resistant Priority Bacterial Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii in Saudi Arabia
by J. Francis Borgio
Life 2025, 15(7), 1094; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071094 - 12 Jul 2025
Viewed by 644
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is listed by the World Health Organization as an emerging bacterial priority pathogen, the prevalence and multidrug resistance of which have been increasing. This functional genomics study aimed to understand the drug-resistance mechanisms of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii strain [...] Read more.
Acinetobacter baumannii is listed by the World Health Organization as an emerging bacterial priority pathogen, the prevalence and multidrug resistance of which have been increasing. This functional genomics study aimed to understand the drug-resistance mechanisms of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii strain (IRMCBCU95U) isolated from a transtracheal aspirate sample from a female patient with end-stage renal disease in Saudi Arabia. The whole genome of IRMCBCU95U (4.3 Mbp) was sequenced using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing to identify and compare the antibiotic-resistance profile and genomic features of A. baumannii IRMCBCU95U. The antibiogram of A. baumannii IRMCBCU95U revealed resistance to multiple antibiotics, including cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. A comparative genomic analysis between IRMCBCU95U and A. baumannii K09-14 and ATCC 19606 identified significant genetic heterogeneity and mosaicism among the strains. This analysis also demonstrated the hybrid nature of the genome of IRMCBCU95U and indicates that horizontal gene transfer may have occurred between these strains. The IRMCBCU95U genome has a diverse range of genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and mobile genetic elements (ISAba1 and IS26) associated with the spread of multidrug resistance. The presence of virulence-associated genes that are linked to iron acquisition, motility and transcriptional regulation confirmed that IRMCBCU95U is a priority human pathogen. The plasmid fragment IncFIB(pNDM-Mar) observed in the strain is homologous to the plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae (439 bp; similarity: 99.09%), which supports its antimicrobial resistance. From these observations, it can be concluded that the clinical A. baumannii IRMCBCU95U isolate is an emerging extensively drug-resistant human pathogen with a novel combination of resistance genes and a plasmid fragment. The complex resistome of IRMCBCU95U highlights the urgent need for genomic surveillance in hospital settings in Saudi Arabia to fight against the spread of extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii. Full article
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11 pages, 790 KB  
Article
Serological Distribution of Salmonella enterica subsp. Isolated from Feces of Domesticated Crested Gecko (Correlophus ciliates) in Busan Province, South Korea
by Il Kwon Bae, Yon-koung Park, So Hyun Park and Jun Sung Hong
Life 2025, 15(3), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030405 - 5 Mar 2025
Viewed by 986
Abstract
Geckos are often considered to be reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of pathogens isolated from fecal samples of crested geckos in South Korea. A total of 76 fecal samples were collected from 76 domesticated [...] Read more.
Geckos are often considered to be reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of pathogens isolated from fecal samples of crested geckos in South Korea. A total of 76 fecal samples were collected from 76 domesticated crested geckos in independent captivity. To determine bacterial profiles, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), the disk diffusion method, PCR and direct sequencing, and the Kauffmann–White scheme for serotyping Salmonella species were performed. A total of 107 Gram-negative isolates were identified as belonging to 50 Citrobacter species, 33 Salmonella enterica subsp., 8 Serratia marcescens, 8 Klebsiella species, 3 Morganella morganii, 2 Enterobacter cloacae, 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 1 Acinetobacter species. Most of the isolates were susceptible to antibiotics tested in this study. The chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene was detected in one M. morganii isolate, and the class C beta-lactamase (AZECL-14) gene was detected in one E. cloacae. The most prevalent somatic (O) antigens of the groups were C (n = 23) and D (n = 7), and 8 different serotypes were identified among the 33 Salmonella enterica subsp. isolates. Five of eight Salmonella serotypes have not been previously reported among clinical isolates in South Korea. Our results reveal that enteric bacteria have not been shared between crested geckos and humans, at least in South Korea. Full article
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