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Updates on Heart Valve Diseases: Personalized Treatment and Management
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Updates on Heart Valve Diseases: Personalized Treatment and Management

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 1303

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Chiara Tessari

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Guest Editor
Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
Interests: aortic valve; heart valve diseases; transcatheter aortic valve; implantation; pediatric cardiac surgery; heart transplantation; cardiac imaging; cardiomyopathies; congenital heart disease; cardiothoracic surgery; interventional cardiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heart valve disease represents a major health problem, and heart valve replacement is considered to be the gold standard treatment. Although there is a large portfolio of heart valve substitutes currently available, none of them fulfil the aims required to make an ideal heart valve substitute, which are to mimic the characteristics of a normal native heart valve, be durable, have effective hemodynamics, and be biocompatible.

Actually, for many patients, the vast majority of available devices are adequate, but there are some patients that may benefit more from a specific device. In elderly patients and in those deemed to be at high risk for surgery, TAVI is definitely preferred over conventional surgery. Conversely, in intermediate and low-risk patients, the choice is somehow more difficult. Preoperative risk scores, such as EuroSCORE and the STS score, may be helpful. However, the abovementioned scores only predict early outcomes. In order to optimize treatment, we have to also analyze the long-term outcome. Only in this way we can achieve patient-based treatment.

To fill this gap, we invite authors to submit original and review articles that explore how a personalized patient-targeted treatment can solve, or rather not solve, heart valve disease.

Dr. Chiara Tessari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heart valve disease
  • congenital heart valve disease
  • transcatheter valve implantation/replacement
  • surgical technique
  • device technology
  • tissue engineering
  • structural valve deterioration
  • device failure/success

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 770 KiB  
Article
Clinical Impact of Admission Day on Outcomes in Acutely Decompensated Aortic Stenosis: A Nationwide Analysis
by Nahush Bansal, Eun Seo Kwak, Mohammad Alqadi, Shuhao Qiu and Ragheb Assaly
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(12), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14121118 - 25 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 841
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Aortic stenosis (AS) is a critical valvular heart disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not managed promptly. Previous studies have highlighted the “weekend effect”, where the day of admission impacts outcomes in various cardiac conditions. This study evaluates the impact [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Aortic stenosis (AS) is a critical valvular heart disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not managed promptly. Previous studies have highlighted the “weekend effect”, where the day of admission impacts outcomes in various cardiac conditions. This study evaluates the impact of weekend versus weekday admissions on outcomes in patients admitted with acutely decompensated aortic stenosis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample database, focusing on patients emergently admitted with decompensated aortic stenosis. Patient outcomes were compared between those admitted on weekends (midnight Friday to midnight Sunday) and weekdays. Results: Among 94,320 patients included, 4537 (4.81%) were admitted on weekends. Weekend admissions were associated with significantly higher mortality (aOR 1.86; 95% CI 1.27–2.74) and longer hospital stays (mean increase 3.18 days; p < 0.001) compared to weekday admissions. Complication rates were also higher on weekends, including cardiogenic shock (aOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.54–2.87; p < 0.001), acute kidney injury (aOR 2.48; 95% CI 2.09–2.94; p < 0.001), and acute respiratory failure (aOR 2.88; 95% CI 2.38–3.49; p < 0.001). Additionally, weekend admissions had lower rates of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) (aOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.40–0.62; p < 0.01) than weekday admissions. Conclusions: Patients with aortic stenosis admitted on weekends face significantly higher mortality, extended hospital stays, and increased complication rates compared to weekday admissions. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) rates were also lower for patients admitted on weekends. The “weekend effect” markedly influences outcomes, underscoring the need for hospital and administrative strategies to mitigate these adverse effects. Implementing standardized protocols and optimizing resource allocation during weekends could potentially reduce mortality and improve patient outcomes, offering a path to more equitable healthcare delivery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates on Heart Valve Diseases: Personalized Treatment and Management)
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Review

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12 pages, 744 KiB  
Review
Tissue Preservation and Access: Modern Innovation in Biobanking Moving Forwards a Personalized Treatment
by Chiara Tessari, Saima Jalil Imran, Nukhba Akbar and Gino Gerosa
J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(5), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15050190 - 7 May 2025
Viewed by 121
Abstract
Tissue substitution and graft transplantation are currently the best treatment options for patients suffering from severe heart diseases. However, the limited availability of donors and the restricted durability of tissues applied in cardiovascular treatments result in a constraint on applicability and a suboptimal [...] Read more.
Tissue substitution and graft transplantation are currently the best treatment options for patients suffering from severe heart diseases. However, the limited availability of donors and the restricted durability of tissues applied in cardiovascular treatments result in a constraint on applicability and a suboptimal therapeutic approach that is still not fully resolved. There are multiple ways to preserve heart tissue grafts, and the choice of method is solely dependent upon the nature and complexity of the tissue and the length of storage. The conventional cold storage method provides the base to nearly all of the preservation protocols for short- and long-term storage. Short-term storage methods frequently rely on designing preserving solutions to protect the graft against warm and cold ischemia at the temperature above freezing point. As ice-nucleation is the major notorious phenomenon during graft preservation, the modern era of research is focusing on developing ice-free preservation techniques, termed vitrification. However, despite the promising outcomes of vitrification, there are several recognized hurdles required to be overcome to build a biobank of heart grafts for an extended period of time. Besides tissue deterioration due to extreme cold temperature, there is another extreme phenomenon of tissue rejection mainly caused by the presence of cellular antigens. The modern approach of decellularization has the potential to minimize the chances of tissue rejection by removing the cells and providing a structural support and sustained biochemical signal via keeping the extracellular matrix of the graft intact. In conclusion, both nano-warming and decellularization are the leading approaches that have great potential to store the graft tissue in its optimal form via keeping its viability safe for a longer time and extending its applicability. This review article outlines a variety of approaches for the preservation and bioengineering of tissue to fulfill the need for the availability of on-shelf long-lasting grafts both in clinical and laboratory setups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates on Heart Valve Diseases: Personalized Treatment and Management)
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