Updates on Heart Valve Diseases: Personalized Treatment and Management

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 1114

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
Interests: aortic valve; heart valve diseases; transcatheter aortic valve; implantation; pediatric cardiac surgery; heart transplantation; cardiac imaging; cardiomyopathies; congenital heart disease; cardiothoracic surgery; interventional cardiology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heart valve disease represents a major health problem, and heart valve replacement is considered to be the gold standard treatment. Although there is a large portfolio of heart valve substitutes currently available, none of them fulfil the aims required to make an ideal heart valve substitute, which are to mimic the characteristics of a normal native heart valve, be durable, have effective hemodynamics, and be biocompatible.

Actually, for many patients, the vast majority of available devices are adequate, but there are some patients that may benefit more from a specific device. In elderly patients and in those deemed to be at high risk for surgery, TAVI is definitely preferred over conventional surgery. Conversely, in intermediate and low-risk patients, the choice is somehow more difficult. Preoperative risk scores, such as EuroSCORE and the STS score, may be helpful. However, the abovementioned scores only predict early outcomes. In order to optimize treatment, we have to also analyze the long-term outcome. Only in this way we can achieve patient-based treatment.

To fill this gap, we invite authors to submit original and review articles that explore how a personalized patient-targeted treatment can solve, or rather not solve, heart valve disease.

Dr. Chiara Tessari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • heart valve disease
  • congenital heart valve disease
  • transcatheter valve implantation/replacement
  • surgical technique
  • device technology
  • tissue engineering
  • structural valve deterioration
  • device failure/success

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 770 KiB  
Article
Clinical Impact of Admission Day on Outcomes in Acutely Decompensated Aortic Stenosis: A Nationwide Analysis
by Nahush Bansal, Eun Seo Kwak, Mohammad Alqadi, Shuhao Qiu and Ragheb Assaly
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(12), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14121118 - 25 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 812
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Aortic stenosis (AS) is a critical valvular heart disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not managed promptly. Previous studies have highlighted the “weekend effect”, where the day of admission impacts outcomes in various cardiac conditions. This study evaluates the impact [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Aortic stenosis (AS) is a critical valvular heart disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not managed promptly. Previous studies have highlighted the “weekend effect”, where the day of admission impacts outcomes in various cardiac conditions. This study evaluates the impact of weekend versus weekday admissions on outcomes in patients admitted with acutely decompensated aortic stenosis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample database, focusing on patients emergently admitted with decompensated aortic stenosis. Patient outcomes were compared between those admitted on weekends (midnight Friday to midnight Sunday) and weekdays. Results: Among 94,320 patients included, 4537 (4.81%) were admitted on weekends. Weekend admissions were associated with significantly higher mortality (aOR 1.86; 95% CI 1.27–2.74) and longer hospital stays (mean increase 3.18 days; p < 0.001) compared to weekday admissions. Complication rates were also higher on weekends, including cardiogenic shock (aOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.54–2.87; p < 0.001), acute kidney injury (aOR 2.48; 95% CI 2.09–2.94; p < 0.001), and acute respiratory failure (aOR 2.88; 95% CI 2.38–3.49; p < 0.001). Additionally, weekend admissions had lower rates of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) (aOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.40–0.62; p < 0.01) than weekday admissions. Conclusions: Patients with aortic stenosis admitted on weekends face significantly higher mortality, extended hospital stays, and increased complication rates compared to weekday admissions. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) rates were also lower for patients admitted on weekends. The “weekend effect” markedly influences outcomes, underscoring the need for hospital and administrative strategies to mitigate these adverse effects. Implementing standardized protocols and optimizing resource allocation during weekends could potentially reduce mortality and improve patient outcomes, offering a path to more equitable healthcare delivery. Full article
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