Advances in Infectious Disease Epidemiology

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 722

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Internal Medicine Specialist, Hospital Universitario de Mostoles, 28935 Madrid, Spain
2. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), 28935 Madrid, Spain
3. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain
Interests: infectious diseases; viral diseases; point-of-care ultrasound; travel medicine; epidemiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Advances in medical science have resulted in improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of patients that would have been considered incurable in the past.

Currently, the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a cause for great concern. Early detection and effective therapy are the main goals to consider when treating an infected patient. Recent advances in infectious disease epidemiology have been crucial to our understanding and personalized management of infectious diseases.

Some pivotal developments include genomics, math models, machine learning and artificial intelligence, global health approaches, surveillance systems, vaccination strategies, antibiotic stewardship programs, and social science strategies.

These advances have contributed to an effective response to infectious disease outbreaks and pandemics such as COVID-19.

Given the complexity of the infectious response, it is unlikely that a single approach will be sufficient to identify the interaction of different factors that are involved in emerging infectious diseases. Better strategies are necessary to prevent or diminish the collateral effects of pandemics. Educating and training healthcare workers are effective strategies for combating the dissemination and transmission of infectious agents.

This Special Issue aims to collate evidence regarding the epidemiology of infections. Infectious diseases are a persistent challenge for both clinicians and researchers.

We hope that this Special Issue will stimulate work on improving methodologies for the detection and treatment of infections by providing comprehensive discussions so that we can achieve early diagnoses and thus reduce complications.

Dr. Cesar Henriquez-Camacho
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • infectious diseases
  • epidemiology
  • genomics
  • machine learning
  • artificial intelligence
  • surveillance
  • vaccination
  • global health
  • stewardship programs

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 269 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Perioperative Risk Factors for Infection by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation
by Rafael Ramos Fernández, Alberto Calvo García, Ainhoa Fernández Yunkera, Silvia Ramos Cerro, Ignacio Garutti, Javier Hortal Iglesias, Patricia Muñoz García, Sergio García Ramos, Adoración Elvira Rodríguez, Mercedes Power Esteban, Patricia Duque González and Patricia Piñeiro
J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(6), 240; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15060240 (registering DOI) - 10 Jun 2025
Abstract
Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is a critical intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) significantly worsen post-transplant outcomes. The main objective of this study was to analyze perioperative risk factors associated with MDRB infections within six months [...] Read more.
Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is a critical intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) significantly worsen post-transplant outcomes. The main objective of this study was to analyze perioperative risk factors associated with MDRB infections within six months following LT. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 133 medical records of patients who underwent liver transplantation between October 2018 and May 2022. Data collected included the presence of MDRB colonization and infection, as well as various perioperative variables. These were analyzed to identify potential risk factors for MDRB infection and colonization. Results: Univariate analysis identified several perioperative variables associated with MDRB infection within six months after LT. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that pre-transplant MDRB colonization (OR 5.72, 95% CI 1.7–18.7, p = 0.005) and the requirement for dialysis during postoperative ICU stay (OR 6.42, 95% CI 1.7–23.4, p = 0.009) were independent risk factors for developing MDRB infections. MDRB infection occurred in 9.4% of patients and was not significantly associated with increased mortality (p = 0.126). Conclusions: These findings contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of MDRB infections in the postoperative period of liver transplantation. This knowledge is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies that may improve outcomes in this patient population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Infectious Disease Epidemiology)
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17 pages, 863 KiB  
Article
Perioperative Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Its Impact on Postoperative Outcomes: Pulmonary Complications and Mortality Based on Korean National Health Insurance Data
by Hyo Jin Kim, EunJin Ahn, Eun Jung Oh and Si Ra Bang
J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(4), 157; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15040157 - 17 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly disrupted global healthcare. This study explores the effects of perioperative COVID-19 infection on postoperative outcomes, aiming to refine risk assessment and enhance personalized perioperative care using a comprehensive dataset from the Korean National Health [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly disrupted global healthcare. This study explores the effects of perioperative COVID-19 infection on postoperative outcomes, aiming to refine risk assessment and enhance personalized perioperative care using a comprehensive dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. This analysis extends previous research by providing a large-scale validation of risk factors associated with COVID-19 in a perioperative setting. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from 2,903,858 patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia between January 2020 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into COVID-19 (+) and COVID-19 (−) groups within 30 d before or after surgery. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for mortality and pulmonary complications. Results: After propensity score matching, the final cohort comprised 19,235 patients (COVID-19 (+): 3847; COVID-19 (−): 15,388). The COVID-19 (+) group had significantly higher overall mortality than the COVID-19 (−) group. No significant difference was observed between the groups concerning 30 d mortality. Pulmonary complications, including pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, were significantly more frequent in the COVID-19 (+) group. The independent predictors of 30 d mortality included advanced age, emergency surgery, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification. Conclusions: Our study confirms that perioperative COVID-19 infection significantly elevates overall mortality and pulmonary complications, emphasizing the necessity of tailored perioperative management. Incorporating individual risk factors into care protocols not only reduces risks for surgical patients but also enhances treatment approaches. These findings advocate for the implementation of personalized medicine principles in surgical settings to improve patient outcomes during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses a comprehensive national medical claims dataset to set new standards for studying pandemic health impacts and improving clinical strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Infectious Disease Epidemiology)
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