Diagnosis and Management of Non-infectious Uveitis: Old and New Challenges: Part II

Dear Colleagues,

Intraocular inflammatory disorders encompass a broad spectrum of disease in which the eye or its various parts may be attacked by the immune system, leading to severe visual impairment. Uveitis is the third leading cause of blindness and currently accounts for approximately 10% of preventable vision loss in the US and up to 15% worldwide. In the recent past, tremendous progress in the treatment landscape as well as the optimization of diagnostic monitoring tools have made it possible to change the natural history of non-infectious uveitis, with a consequent improvement in disease-related morbidity. The ULISSE study showed that the rate of diagnoses is comparable between a standardized strategy and an open strategy. The investigations requested in the absence of guidance prove to be of very limited interest. Conversely, some simple complementary examinations have shown significant benefit. Several studies have clarified the value of investigations such as magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging, and anterior chamber tap for the diagnosis. Based on the results from randomized controlled trials, the treatment of chronic non-infectious uveitis has extended to biotherapies such as adalimumab and tocilizumab. Despite these exciting progresses, treating physicians still face old and new challenges in the diagnosis and management of non-infectious uveitis and its complications. In the future, analyses of endocular specimens, combining the microbiologic techniques of multiplex PCR and the measurement of cytokine or chemokine levels, could guide the diagnosis of uveitis when caused by an inflammatory disease. The advent of many novel different molecules represents new challenges for laboratories, where reliable tests must be identified in order to optimize the choice and monitoring of systemic treatments.

The present Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the latest research on the diagnosis and treatment of non-infectious uveitis. We welcome all types of papers on the broad spectrum of clinical characteristics, prognosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of uveitis.

Prof. Dr. Pascal Sève
Guest Editor

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