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Viral Diseases of the Respiratory System—Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenesis 2.0
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Viral Diseases of the Respiratory System—Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenesis 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 August 2024 | Viewed by 2159

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Andreas Beineke

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany
Interests: pathology of the respiratory system; immune regulation; immunodeficiencies; molecular pathology; morbilliviruses; emerging infectious diseases; zoonotic diseases; animal models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Viral infections of the upper and lower respiratory system represent global health issues. Infections can be self-limiting or cause severe acute disease and even fatalities in vulnerable groups such as infants, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. Moreover, persistent pulmonary changes and long-term respiratory problems can occur following infection. In the last several decades, reported cases of pneumotropic agents causing emerging and re-emerging diseases in humans and animals have increased. Recent research in infectious pulmonary diseases such as measles, influenza and the current COVID-19 pandemic clearly shows that detailed knowledge about viral properties, virus entry, molecular pathology, and disease pathogenesis is essential for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. This Special Issue aims to provide an up-to-date collection of original research and review articles focusing on the progress in infection biology of viral pathogens of the respiratory system. We welcome molecular studies, including in vitro studies and animal experiments, dealing with (but not limited to) host–pathogen interaction, immunology, and pathogenesis as well as the development of prevention and treatment strategies of viral respiratory diseases in humans and animals.

As volume 1 of the Special Issue “Viral Diseases of the Respiratory System—Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenesis” has been successful, we will be exploring this issue further in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067, IF 5.6, JCR Category Q1).

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/Viral_Respiratory

Prof. Dr. Andreas Beineke
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • respiratory diseases
  • pneumonia
  • pneumotropic viruses
  • pathogenesis
  • host–pathogen interaction
  • pulmonary pathology
  • immunopathology
  • immunity
  • disease prevention
  • treatment
  • zoonotic diseases
  • antiviral therapy

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1022 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Serum Endocan Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Patients
by Laura Constantin, Anca Ungurianu, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Oana Săndulescu, Victoria Aramă, Denisa Margină and Isabela Țârcomnicu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(5), 3042; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25053042 - 06 Mar 2024
Viewed by 636
Abstract
Endocan is an endothelial-cell-specific proteoglycan (ESM-1) and has emerged as an endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory marker in recent years. Endocan can be used as a marker of inflammatory endothelial dysfunction in endothelium-dependent disease: cardiovascular disease, sepsis, lung and kidney disease and malignancies. Recent [...] Read more.
Endocan is an endothelial-cell-specific proteoglycan (ESM-1) and has emerged as an endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory marker in recent years. Endocan can be used as a marker of inflammatory endothelial dysfunction in endothelium-dependent disease: cardiovascular disease, sepsis, lung and kidney disease and malignancies. Recent data suggest that endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Endotheliitis and thrombo-inflammation are associated with severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and endocan is currently under investigation as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker. The aim of this study was to determine serum endocan levels in patients with COVID-19 to evaluate the correlation between endocan levels and clinical disease diagnosis and prognosis. This study enrolled 56 patients, divided into three groups depending on disease severity: mild (15), moderate (25) and severe (16). The biochemical, demographic, clinical and imagistic data were collected and evaluated in correlation with the endocan levels. Serum endocan levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19 patients compared to the control group; also, endocan concentration correlated with vaccination status. The results revealed significantly elevated serum endocan levels in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group, with a correlation observed between endocan concentration and vaccination status. These findings suggest that endocan may serve as a novel biomarker for detecting inflammation and endothelial dysfunction risk in COVID-19 patients. There was no significant relationship between serum endocan levels and disease severity or the presence of cardiovascular diseases. Endocan can be considered a novel biomarker for the detection of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction risk in COVID-19 patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases of the Respiratory System—Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenesis 2.0)
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14 pages, 1012 KiB  
Article
Serum High-Mobility Group Box 1 and Heme Oxygenase-1 as Biomarkers in COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission
by Ilijana Grigorov, Snežana Pejić, Ana Todorović, Dunja Drakulić, Filip Veljković, Jadranka Miletić Vukajlović, Katarina Bobić, Ivan Soldatović, Siniša Đurašević, Nebojša Jasnić, Sanja Stanković, Sofija Glumac, Violeta Mihailović-Vučinić and Branislava Milenković
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13164; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713164 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1070
Abstract
The careful monitoring of patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 is of particular importance because of the rapid progression of complications associated with COVID-19. For prognostic reasons and for the economic management of health care resources, additional biomarkers need to be identified, and their monitoring [...] Read more.
The careful monitoring of patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 is of particular importance because of the rapid progression of complications associated with COVID-19. For prognostic reasons and for the economic management of health care resources, additional biomarkers need to be identified, and their monitoring can conceivably be performed in the early stages of the disease. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we found that serum concentrations of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), at the time of hospital admission, could be useful biomarkers for COVID-19 management. The study included 160 randomly selected recovered patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 on admission. Compared with healthy controls, serum HMGB1 and HO-1 levels increased by 487.6 pg/mL versus 43.1 pg/mL and 1497.7 pg/mL versus 756.1 pg/mL, respectively. Serum HO-1 correlated significantly with serum HMGB1, oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), the phosphatidylcholine/lysophosphatidylcholine ratio (PC/LPC), the ratio of reduced and oxidative glutathione (GSH/GSSG)), and anti-inflammatory acute phase proteins (ferritin, haptoglobin). Increased heme catabolism/hemolysis were not detected. We hypothesize that the increase in HO-1 in the early phase of COVID-19 disease is likely to have a survival benefit by providing protection against oxidative stress and inflammation, whereas the level of HMGB1 increase reflects the activity of the innate immune system and represents levels within which the disease can be kept under control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases of the Respiratory System—Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenesis 2.0)
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