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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2023) | Viewed by 4694

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francisco Moura

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Guest Editor

Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
Interests: chemical reactions at high temperatures; reuse of solid residues and thermoconversion of biomass for the production of biofuels and chemicals

Prof. Dr. Rodrigo F. M. Souza

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Guest Editor

Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, RJ, Brazil
Interests: extractive metallurgy; pyrometallurgy; complex raw materials; low-grade ores; secondary resources; sulfation roasting; chlorination; thermal analysis; recycling; environmental sciences

Dr. Florian Pradelle

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
Interests: fuels and biofuels; green technology; energy; environmental impact; thermal engineering; applied thermodynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For the United Nations, two of the biggest challenges of the 21st century are ensuring both more sustainable development through affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) for the future. The search for decarbonized alternative energy sources and efficient disposal pathways that can mitigate their harmful effects on the planet is on the agenda of many researchers around the globe, and the subject of waste to energy is already a reality. Undoubtedly, there are a variety of waste sources, such as municipal, healthcare, medical and laboratory, agriculture and agro-based industry, macrophyte pruning of constructed wetlands, electronic, domestic, industrial, and construction wastes. The challenge for researchers lies in the valorization of these wastes by recovering their energy potential using a variety of biochemical, thermochemical, and physicochemical processes, such as direct combustion, gasification, co-processing, pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, esterification, cracking, biodigestion, and fermentation, among others. For this Special Issue “Solid Waste to Energy”, original contributions are sought that cover the efficiency, economic viability, and environmental impacts of different approaches of alternative processes to recover the energy from solid waste as well as process optimization and product characterization. Articles dealing with the production of energy from these varieties of wastes using different innovative scientific and technological methods, which can contribute to the solution of the destination of these wastes and the production of cleaner and more sustainable energy for the population, are welcome.

Dr. Francisco Moura
Dr. Rodrigo F. M. Souza
Dr. Florian Pradelle
Guest Editors

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Keywords

waste
biochar
energy
biofuels
biomass
biochemical, thermochemical, and physicochemical processes

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1921 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Economic Feasibility Study of the Production of Biogas, Coke and Biofuels from the Organic Fraction of Municipal Waste Using Pyrolysis

by Benedito Franciano Ferreira Rodrigues, Anderson Rocha Amaral, Fernanda Paula da Costa Assunção, Lucas Pinto Bernar, Marcelo Costa Santos, Neyson Martins Mendonça, José Almir Rodrigues Pereira, Douglas Alberto Rocha de Castro, Sergio Duvoisin, Jr., Pablo Henrique Ataide Oliveira, Luiz Eduardo Pizarro Borges and Nélio Teixeira Machado

Energies 2024, 17(1), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010269 - 04 Jan 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1090

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the economic viability of municipal household solid waste (organic matter + paper) for the production of gas, coke and biofuel through the pyrolysis and distillation process. The waste was collected in the city of Belém do Pará-Brazil and pretreated at the Federal University of Pará. The analyzed fraction (organic matter + paper) was subjected to the pretreatment of drying, crushing, and sieving and was subsequently subjected to proximate characterization and, finally, pyrolysis of the organic fraction (organic matter + paper) in a fixed bed reactor. Initially, it was necessary to review the literature, and with the yields obtained by pyrolysis of the fraction, economic feasibility analyses were carried out. The economic indicators for evaluating the most viable pyrolysis process were basic payback, discounted payback, net present value, internal rate of return, and profitability index, which are all financial metrics commonly used in investment analysis and decision making. These metrics provide valuable insights into the financial viability and attractiveness of investment projects. They are essential tools for assessing the feasibility and profitability of various ventures, helping decision-makers make informed choices in allocating resources. The analysis of the indicators showed the economic viability considering an analysis horizon of 10 years of materials based on organic material and paper. The breakeven point obtained was USD 0.96/dm³ and the minimum biofuel sales price found in this project was USD 1.30/dm³. The sensitivity research found that material costs (organic matter + paper), bio-oil yield, total project investment and electricity, respectively, are the variables that most affect the minimum biofuel sales price. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste to Energy)

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16 pages, 12309 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ignition and Emission Characteristics of Waste Tires Pyrolysis Char Co-Combustion with Peat and Sawdust

by Konstantin Slyusarsky, Anton Tolokolnikov, Artur Gubin, Albert Kaltaev, Alexander Gorshkov, Askar Asilbekov and Kirill Larionov

Energies 2023, 16(10), 4038; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16104038 - 11 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1146

Abstract

The pyrolysis processing of waste tires is a promising technology for obtaining products with high marginality. One of the possible methods of solid pyrolysis product utilization is its combustion for energy production, but this is complicated by poor reactivity and sulfur emissions. The combustion of char together with more reactive fuels could solve this problem. The current study is devoted to the combustion characteristics of waste tires pyrolysis carbon residue mixed with biomass: pine sawdust and peat. The oxidation characteristics in thermal analyzer conditions were found to change insignificantly. In contrast, 15 wt% of peat and sawdust additives was found to decrease ignition delay times in realistic conditions of combustion at 800 °C by 42 and 78%, respectively, while the SO₂ emissions also dropped by 73 and 52%, respectively. The extra sulfur was found to be contained in ash residue in the form of CaS and CaSO₄. While increasing peat concentration from 5 to 15 wt% was found to have almost no effect, the same increase for sawdust resulted into an almost proportional decrease in ignition delay times. The results obtained could be used for the integration of waste tires pyrolysis char mixtures with peat or sawdust into the energy sector. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste to Energy)

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16 pages, 1281 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Application of Biochar from Waste Biomass to Improve Soil Fertility and Soil Enzyme Activity and Increase Carbon Sequestration

by Piotr Wojewódzki, Joanna Lemanowicz, Bozena Debska, Samir A. Haddad and Erika Tobiasova

Energies 2023, 16(1), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010380 - 29 Dec 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1942

Abstract

Biochar (BC) is a material that has many applications in agricultural and environmental activities. The aim of the study was to define the influence of BC produced in low-temperature pyrolysis from various organic waste materials, including one-month-old compost (OMOC), pine bark (PB), pine needle mulch (NM), pine cones (PC) and maple leaves (ML), on soil enzyme activity as well as its relation with organic matter properties. A 60-day incubation pot experiment was set up to investigate the influence of BC amendment on soil (S) characteristics. After incubation, we investigated the activity of soil enzymes, the content of available phosphorus (AP), potassium (AK) and magnesium (AMg), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its fractional composition (content and share of carbon and nitrogen of humic (CHAs, NHAs) and fulvic (CFAs, NFAs) acids and humin fractions). The effect of the amended biochars differed depending on the feedstock material. In general, the use of biochar enriched the soil with AP, AK and AMg increased the soil carbon stock, increased the intensity of nitrogen transformation and influenced the soil enzyme activity. OMOC and ML biochars significantly increased soil fertility, which was expressed by the high value of the CHA/CFA ratio. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste to Energy)

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