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Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy
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Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A5: Hydrogen Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2025) | Viewed by 5074

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Julian Jepsen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute of Hydrogen Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
2. Germany and Institute of Applied Material Science, Helmut-Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
Interests: energy storage; hydrogen; hydrogen energy; materials; system integration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Puszkiel Julián

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute of Hydrogen Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
2. Germany and Institute of Applied Material Science, Helmut-Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
Interests: energy storage; hydrogen; hydrogen energy; materials; system integration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With this Special Issue, we would like to address the importance of system integration for the implementation of hydrogen technology. Many of the applications have already reached a high technological readiness level. Therefore, system integration in real applications is becoming an increasingly important field of research and development. By system integration, we mean the spatial and technical integration of the components of the hydrogen chain. The hydrogen chain involves its production, storage and utilization in mobile or stationary applications. For this, the system integration must take into consideration not only mass flows but also temperature and pressure conditions for the respective application. In the forthcoming years, this field of research will gain further importance due to the impulse of hydrogen technology to reduce CO2 emissions and cover the growing energy demand. Against this background, we look forward to receiving exciting contributions to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Julian Jepsen
Dr. Puszkiel Julián
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 4939 KiB  
Article
Practical Implementation of Hydrogen in Buildings: An Integration Model Based on Flowcharts and a Variable Matrix for Decision-Making
by Sara Dorregaray-Oyaregui, César Martín-Gómez, Amaia Zuazua-Ros and Mónica Aguado
Energies 2025, 18(10), 2546; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102546 - 14 May 2025
Viewed by 136
Abstract
Buildings are major energy consumers, accounting for a significant portion of global energy consumption. Integrating hydrogen systems, electrolyzers, accumulation, and fuel cells is proposed as a clean and efficient energy alternative to mitigate this impact and move toward a more sustainable future. This [...] Read more.
Buildings are major energy consumers, accounting for a significant portion of global energy consumption. Integrating hydrogen systems, electrolyzers, accumulation, and fuel cells is proposed as a clean and efficient energy alternative to mitigate this impact and move toward a more sustainable future. This paper presents a systematic procedure for incorporating these technologies into buildings, considering building engineers, and stakeholders. First, an in-depth analysis of buildings’ main energy consumption parameters is conducted, identifying areas of energy need with the most significant optimization potential. Next, a detailed review of the various opportunities for hydrogen applications in buildings is conducted, evaluating their advantages and limitations. Performing a scientific review to find and understand the requirements of building engineers and the stakeholders has given notions of integration that emphasize the needs. As a result of the review process and identifying the needs to integrate hydrogen into buildings, a flowchart is proposed to facilitate decision-making regarding integrating hydrogen systems into buildings. This flowchart is accompanied by a matrix of variables that considers the defined requirements, allowing for combining the most suitable solution for each case. The results of this research contribute to advancing the adoption of hydrogen technologies in buildings, thus promoting the transition to a more sustainable and resilient energy model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy)
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17 pages, 479 KiB  
Article
Combination of Site-Wide and Real-Time Optimization for the Control of Systems of Electrolyzers
by Vincent Henkel, Lukas Peter Wagner, Felix Gehlhoff and Alexander Fay
Energies 2024, 17(17), 4396; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17174396 - 2 Sep 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1343
Abstract
The integration of renewable energy sources into an energy grid introduces volatility, challenging grid stability and reliability. To address these challenges, this work proposes a two-stage optimization approach for the operation of electrolyzers used in green hydrogen production. This method combines site-wide and [...] Read more.
The integration of renewable energy sources into an energy grid introduces volatility, challenging grid stability and reliability. To address these challenges, this work proposes a two-stage optimization approach for the operation of electrolyzers used in green hydrogen production. This method combines site-wide and real-time optimization to manage a fluctuating energy supply effectively. By leveraging the dual use of an existing optimization model, it is applied for both site-wide and real-time optimization, enhancing the consistency and efficiency of the control strategy. Site-wide optimization generates long-term operational plans based on long-term forecasts, while real-time optimization adjusts these plans in response to immediate fluctuations in energy availability. This approach is validated through a case study showing that real-time optimization can accommodate renewable energy forecast deviations of up to 15%, resulting in hydrogen production 6.5% higher than initially planned during periods of increased energy availability. This framework not only optimizes electrolyzer operations but can also be applied to other flexible energy resources, supporting sustainable and economically viable energy management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy)
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33 pages, 4123 KiB  
Article
A Multi-Agent Approach for the Optimized Operation of Modular Electrolysis Plants
by Vincent Henkel, Lukas Peter Wagner, Maximilian Kilthau, Felix Gehlhoff and Alexander Fay
Energies 2024, 17(14), 3370; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17143370 - 9 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1389
Abstract
In response to the energy transition to renewable resources, green hydrogen production via electrolysis is gaining momentum. Modular electrolysis plants provide a flexible and scalable solution to meet rising hydrogen demand and adapt to renewable energy fluctuations. However, optimizing their operation poses challenges, [...] Read more.
In response to the energy transition to renewable resources, green hydrogen production via electrolysis is gaining momentum. Modular electrolysis plants provide a flexible and scalable solution to meet rising hydrogen demand and adapt to renewable energy fluctuations. However, optimizing their operation poses challenges, especially when dealing with heterogeneous electrolyzer modules. In this work, a combination of decentralized Multi-Agent Systems and the Module Type Package concept is presented that enhances the cost-optimized operation of modular electrolysis plants. This approach synergizes the individual strengths of Multi-Agent Systems in handling complex operational dynamics with the efficiency of the Module Type Package for integration and control capabilities. By integrating these technologies, the approach addresses the heterogeneity of electrolyzer modules and increases the adaptability, scalability, and operational flexibility of electrolysis plants. The approach was validated through a case study, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving cost-optimized load scheduling, dynamic response to demand–supply fluctuations, and resilience against electrolyzer module malfunctions. In summary, the presented approach offers a comprehensive solution for the effective coordination and optimization of modular electrolysis plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy)
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Review

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56 pages, 17482 KiB  
Review
Comprehensive Overview of the Effective Thermal Conductivity for Hydride Materials: Experimental and Modeling Approaches
by Gabriele Scarpati, Julián A. Puszkiel, Jan Warfsmann, Fahim Karimi, Elio Jannelli, Claudio Pistidda, Thomas Klassen and Julian Jepsen
Energies 2025, 18(1), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010194 - 5 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1253
Abstract
In metal hydride beds (MHBs), reaction heat transfer often limits the dynamic performance. Heat transfer within the MHB usually involves solid and gas phases. To account for both, an effective thermal conductivity (ETC) is defined. Measuring and predicting the ETC of metal hydride [...] Read more.
In metal hydride beds (MHBs), reaction heat transfer often limits the dynamic performance. Heat transfer within the MHB usually involves solid and gas phases. To account for both, an effective thermal conductivity (ETC) is defined. Measuring and predicting the ETC of metal hydride beds is of primary importance when designing hydride-based systems for high dynamics. This review paper presents an integral overview of the experimental and modeling approaches to characterize the ETC in MHBs. The most relevant methods for measuring the ETC of metal hydride beds are described, and the results and scopes are shown. A comprehensive description of the models applied to calculate the ETC of the MHBs under different conditions is developed. Moreover, the effects of operation parameters such as P, T, and composition on the ETC of the presented models are analyzed. Finally, a summary and conclusions about experimental techniques, a historical overview with a classification of the ETC models, a discussion about the needed parameters, and a comparison between ETC experimental and calculated results are provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy)
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