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Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A5: Hydrogen Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 2119

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Julian Jepsen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute of Hydrogen Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
2. Institute of Applied Material Science, Helmut-Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
Interests: energy storage; hydrogen; hydrogen energy; materials; system integration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Julian Puszkiel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute of Hydrogen Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
2. Institute of Applied Material Science, Helmut-Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
3. Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
Interests: energy storage; hydrogen; hydrogen energy; materials; system integration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With this Special Issue, we would like to address the importance of system integration for the implementation of hydrogen technology. Many of the applications have already reached a high technological readiness level. Therefore, system integration in real applications is becoming an increasingly important field of research and development. By system integration, we mean the spatial and technical integration of the components of the hydrogen chain. The hydrogen chain involves its production, storage and utilization in mobile or stationary applications. For this, the system integration must take into consideration not only mass flows but also temperature and pressure conditions for the respective application. In the forthcoming years, this field of research will gain further importance due to the impulse of hydrogen technology to reduce CO2 emissions and cover the growing energy demand. Against this background, we look forward to receiving exciting contributions to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Julian Jepsen
Dr. Julian Puszkiel
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrogen technology
  • system integration
  • hydrogen storage
  • hydrogen applications
  • energy storage
  • renewable sources
  • green hydrogen
  • hydrogen production
  • hydrogen utilization
  • experimental system integration
  • system simulation
  • finite element simulation
  • components design

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 25910 KB  
Article
Large-Scale Coating Methods for Improving Heat Transfer and Stress Management of Metal Hydrides
by Jan Warfsmann, Julián Puszkiel Sladivar, Phillip Sebastian Krause, Eike Wienken, Thomas Klassen and Julian Jepsen
Energies 2026, 19(10), 2451; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19102451 - 20 May 2026
Viewed by 281
Abstract
Storing hydrogen in interstitial metal hydrides has several advantages. These include high volumetric capacity (50–100 kg/m3), fast kinetics, and safer conditions due to mild operating temperatures (<100 °C) and pressures (<50 bar). However, thermal management and stress development remain challenges to [...] Read more.
Storing hydrogen in interstitial metal hydrides has several advantages. These include high volumetric capacity (50–100 kg/m3), fast kinetics, and safer conditions due to mild operating temperatures (<100 °C) and pressures (<50 bar). However, thermal management and stress development remain challenges to be overcome. There have already been promising methods to improve the performance of metal hydrides, but most are only proof of concept. They have only been investigated on a lab-scale with a few grams of sample. In this work, a commercially available AB2-metal alloy is coated with 10 wt% expanded natural graphite (ENG) and 10 wt% elastomeric binder. The focus is on methods that can easily be scaled up. Two methods (wash-coating and spray-coating) have been successfully applied to prepare hydride-forming materials on a kilogram scale. The performance of the coated material in terms of heat management, stress development, hydrogen capacity, and kinetics is evaluated to be over 50 cycles of hydrogen absorption/desorption. The results are confirmed by a larger-scale set of experiments with ≈0.5 kg of sample. The spray-coating method shows promising results, combining fast preparation, reasonable hydrogen capacity, and the potential to compensate for the bulk of the expansion stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy: 2nd Edition)
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26 pages, 4846 KB  
Article
Rapid Estimation Technology of Fuel Cell Internal State Based on Single Frequency Impedance Phase Angle Measurement: A Case Study
by Wei Nie, Kai Li, Wang Zhang, Renkang Wang and Hao Tang
Energies 2026, 19(4), 1049; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19041049 - 17 Feb 2026
Viewed by 469
Abstract
Improper internal states in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), such as insufficient reactant concentration, lower membrane water content, and excessive liquid water, will lead to significant reductions in durability and reliability, which is a bottleneck restricting the large-scale commercial application of the [...] Read more.
Improper internal states in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), such as insufficient reactant concentration, lower membrane water content, and excessive liquid water, will lead to significant reductions in durability and reliability, which is a bottleneck restricting the large-scale commercial application of the PEMFC system. Closed-loop management with internal state feedback is regarded as a promising strategy for prolonging its lifespan and enhancing its reliability. The key issue for the closed-loop management strategy is how to estimate the internal operating state of the PEMFC stack accurately and quickly. Consequently, an estimation method of stack internal operating states based on the medium frequency impedance phase angle measurement, which has the characteristics of short acquisition time, small measurement error, and high resolution, is proposed in this paper. The sensitivity, monotonicity, correlation analysis in the steady state, and response characteristics analysis in the dynamic state show that the proposed method is effective, competent, and qualified for internal state estimation. Then, the estimated internal state is applied to the system’s closed-loop management as feedback. The experiment results show that the PEMFC can be maintained at the expected state and that improper states will be avoided. The proposed estimation technology will significantly facilitate the system’s closed-loop management, thereby enhancing the reliability and durability of PEMFCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy: 2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 4870 KB  
Article
Characterization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Operating in Electrochemical Hydrogen Compression Mode
by Anamarija Stoilova Pavasović, Senka Gudić, Ivan Pivac and Frano Barbir
Energies 2026, 19(1), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010257 - 3 Jan 2026
Viewed by 805
Abstract
This study examines the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell operated in electrochemical hydrogen compression (EHC) mode, focusing on the effects of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and pressure on water management and efficiency. Two humidification strategies were investigated: (i) a dry [...] Read more.
This study examines the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell operated in electrochemical hydrogen compression (EHC) mode, focusing on the effects of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and pressure on water management and efficiency. Two humidification strategies were investigated: (i) a dry cathode with humidified anode hydrogen and (ii) a flooded cathode with controlled anode humidification. Experiments were conducted at different temperatures (from 35 to 70 °C), RH levels (from 0 to 100%), and compression ratios of 1 and 2, using polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). In the dry cathode configuration, optimal performance occurred at 70 °C with fully humidified anode gas, achieving current densities above 2 A cm−2 at voltages below 0.3 V. Partial humidification caused instability due to membrane dehydration. In the flooded cathode, high cathode pressure increased mass transport resistance, while excessive inlet humidification promoted flooding and consequently reduced the efficiency. LSV results highlighted the trade-off between proton conductivity and hydrogen back diffusion, particularly for thin membranes used in this study. The findings demonstrate that precise water balance is essential for stable and efficient EHC operation and provide guidelines for optimizing compression performance, supporting the development of high-efficiency and low-maintenance hydrogen compression systems for stationary and mobile applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Integration and Storage Technology of Hydrogen Energy: 2nd Edition)
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