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Advances in Fuel Cells: Materials, Technologies, and Applications
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Advances in Fuel Cells: Materials, Technologies, and Applications

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D2: Electrochem: Batteries, Fuel Cells, Capacitors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 June 2025 | Viewed by 687

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zhipeng Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: fuel cells; nanotechnology; nanomaterials
Dr. Qichen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: single/dual-atom catalysts; metal-air battery; fuel cell

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Zero-carbon science and new energy technologies have attracted intense attention, including high-value utilization of CO2, fuel cells, energy storage devices, etc. Rational design of advanced nanomaterials is crucial to enhance reaction kinetics and energy conversion/storage efficiency. A deep understanding of the intrinsic structure–property relationship of electrode materials is an important prerequisite for the development of next-generation electrode materials. In recent years, scientists have made a series of important advances in the field of electrode material design, scale-up preparation, and device optimization, which provide important technical support for carbon neutrality. In view of the dynamic developments in zero-carbon science and new energy technologies, this Special Issue aims to publish exciting achievements related to electrode materials, synthetic methods, and performance breakthroughs for energy and environmental technologies.

This issue includes the below-listed and associated topics:

(i) Hydrogen fuel cell/Ammonia fuel cell/Solid oxide fuel cell/Solid oxide electrolytic cell;
(ii) Electrocatalytic/photocatalytic CO2 reduction;
(iii) Water splitting and metal-air batteries, including oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), etc.;
(iv) All-solid-state sodium Li/Na batteries and wide-temperature batteries;
(v) Aqueous Zn-based batteries;
(vi) Supercapacitor;
(vii) Advanced materials for energy conversion/storage.

Prof. Dr. Zhipeng Li
Dr. Qichen Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CO2 reduction
  • fuel cell
  • Li/Na/Zn batteries
  • energy electrocatalysis
  • energy materials

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 2085 KiB  
Article
Steady-State Model Enabled Dynamic PEMFC Performance Degradation Prediction via Recurrent Neural Network
by Qiang Liu, Weihong Zang, Wentao Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yuqi Tong and Yanbiao Feng
Energies 2025, 18(10), 2665; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102665 - 21 May 2025
Viewed by 33
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), distinguished by rapid refueling capability and zero tailpipe emissions, have emerged as a transformative energy conversion technology for automotive applications. Nevertheless, their widespread commercialization remains constrained by technical limitations mainly in operational longevity. Precise prognostics of performance [...] Read more.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), distinguished by rapid refueling capability and zero tailpipe emissions, have emerged as a transformative energy conversion technology for automotive applications. Nevertheless, their widespread commercialization remains constrained by technical limitations mainly in operational longevity. Precise prognostics of performance degradation could enable real-time optimization of operation, thereby extending service life. This investigation proposes a hybrid prognostic framework integrating steady-state modeling with dynamic condition. First, a refined semi-empirical steady-state model was developed. Model parameters’ identification was achieved using grey wolf optimizer. Subsequently, dynamic durability testing data underwent systematic preprocessing through a correlation-based screening protocol. The processed dataset, comprising model-calculated reference outputs under dynamic conditions synchronized with filtered operational parameters, served as inputs for a recurrent neural network (RNN). Comparative analysis of multiple RNN variants revealed that the hybrid methodology achieved superior prediction fidelity, demonstrating a root mean square error of 0.6228%. Notably, the integration of steady-state physics could reduce the RNN structural complexity while maintaining equivalent prediction accuracy. This model-informed data fusion approach establishes a novel paradigm for PEMFC lifetime assessment. The proposed methodology provides automakers with a computationally efficient framework for durability prediction and control optimization in vehicular fuel cell systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fuel Cells: Materials, Technologies, and Applications)
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18 pages, 3587 KiB  
Article
Coupling Effects of Microstructure Characteristics on Stress Distribution for Pore-Scale Gas Diffusion Layers
by Yushuai Sun, Pinliang Du, Miaoqi Bian, He Miao, Hao Hu and Liusheng Xiao
Energies 2025, 18(7), 1561; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071561 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 303
Abstract
A gas diffusion layer (GDL) is an essential component for the efficient operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, requiring stable mechanical strength and uniform stress distribution to achieve higher durability. The various microstructure characteristics of GDLs have coupled and complex effects on [...] Read more.
A gas diffusion layer (GDL) is an essential component for the efficient operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, requiring stable mechanical strength and uniform stress distribution to achieve higher durability. The various microstructure characteristics of GDLs have coupled and complex effects on mechanical properties, which have not been fully considered in previous studies. In this study, we have combined stochastic reconstruction techniques, explicit dynamics compression simulation, and orthogonal design methods to evaluate and optimize the coupling effects of carbon fiber diameter, porosity, GDL thickness, and fiber orientation coefficient on the mechanical properties of pore-scale GDLs. Finally, mathematical expressions have been developed to predict stress distribution under compression. The results show that the impact of fiber diameter and porosity is greater than that of GDL thickness and fiber orientation coefficient. Average stress and stress uniformity increase with increases in fiber diameter, fiber orientation coefficient, and GDL thickness, but porosity shows an opposite trend. We achieved a remarkable reduction of 292% in optimal average stress and a significant enhancement of 278% in stress uniformity. The mathematical expressions have been validated for accuracy by considering the simultaneous coupled effects of various microstructural characteristics. This work provides valuable engineering tools for enhancing the performance and durability of GDLs and fuel cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fuel Cells: Materials, Technologies, and Applications)
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