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Analysis of Cogeneration Systems and Electricity Consumption—Second Edition
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Analysis of Cogeneration Systems and Electricity Consumption—Second Edition

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "C: Energy Economics and Policy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2025 | Viewed by 2269

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pavel Atanasoae

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, tefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
Interests: cogeneration; renewable energy sources; buildings energy efficiency; energy market; high efficiency cogeneration; support schemes; green certificates; thermal and electrical power generation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Constantin Filote

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrotechnics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
Interests: digital signal processing; power electronic; spower quality; smart grids; energy efficiency
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Laurențiu Dan Milici

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrotechnics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
Interests: electrical engineering; artificial intelligence; optimization algorithms; instrumentation; education in engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Radu Dumitru Pentiuc

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrotechnics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
Interests: energy management; industrial energy efficiency; energy balances; electrical engineering; distribution and use of electricity; energy audits; lighting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The complexity of issues related to the generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption of energy has greatly increased in recent times along with the worsening of global environmental problems, climate change, and restrictions on conventional power sources. Therefore, the current concerns in the field of energy production are oriented towards the application of technologies that have the least impact on the environment. Moreover, energy consumption must be controlled and managed, especially by careful monitoring of energy efficiency and by diversifying primary energy sources. In this context, cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP) is significantly more efficient than the separate generation of heat and electricity. CHP is flexible, has low greenhouse gas emissions, and allows rapidly responding to energy needs. Competition on liberalized power markets creates incentives that lead to more efficient decisions in the operation of power systems and investments in energy sources. Currently, the promotion of high efficiency cogeneration based on the demand for useful heat is a priority for the governments of many countries. 

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the original research or review articles on the important topic of cogeneration systems. The call for papers seeks to collect several empirical, theoretical, or case studies and innovative technical developments, with practical implications for the design, installation, and operation of cogeneration systems. Areas of application can range from the individual residential and non-residential buildings to urban and industrial sectors. 

This is the second edition of the Special Issue "Analysis of Cogeneration Systems and Electricity Consumption"

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies/special_issues/Cogeneration_Systems_Electricity_Consumption

Topics of interest for publication (research articles, reviews articles) include but are not limited to:

  • CHP technologies (steam turbine, gas turbine, gas–steam combined cycle, microturbines; internal combustion engine; Stirling engines; fuel cells; organic Rankine cycle; other types of technologies);
  • Cogeneration systems in buildings;
  • Trigeneration;
  • Applications of cogeneration systems;
  • Modeling, simulating, monitoring, optimization, case studies;
  • Economic dispatch of multiple energy carriers;
  • District heating and cooling systems;
  • Generating energy from waste;
  • Heat recovery systems;
  • Distributed generation;
  • Use of renewable sources in cogeneration applications;
  • Reliability and availability of cogeneration systems;
  • Cost benefit analysis of cogeneration systems;
  • Feasibility study and economic analysis;
  • Cost allocation in cogeneration;
  • Indicators for assessing the performance of cogeneration systems;
  • Support schemes, regulatory and legal framework;
  • Integration of energy storage systems for improved efficiency and flexibility of CHP plants.

Dr. Pavel Atanasoae
Prof. Dr. Constantin Filote
Prof. Dr. Laurențiu Dan Milici
Prof. Dr. Radu Dumitru Pentiuc
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cogeneration
  • combined heat and power plants
  • trigeneration
  • primary energy savings
  • high efficiency cogeneration
  • cost allocation in cogeneration
  • operating strategies of CHP plants
  • electricity and heat prices
  • electricity consumption
  • power to heat ratio

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5726 KiB  
Article
Two-Stage Real-Time Frequency Regulation Strategy of Combined Heat and Power Units with Energy Storage
by Yan Zhang, Yang Shen, Rui Zhu, Zhu Chen, Tao Guo and Quan Lv
Energies 2025, 18(8), 1953; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18081953 - 11 Apr 2025
Viewed by 174
Abstract
In view of the frequency regulation (FR) policy in Northeast China, a two-stage real-time rolling optimization model for power plants participating in FR ancillary services is established. The optimization object of the first stage is to maximize the overall profitability of the power [...] Read more.
In view of the frequency regulation (FR) policy in Northeast China, a two-stage real-time rolling optimization model for power plants participating in FR ancillary services is established. The optimization object of the first stage is to maximize the overall profitability of the power plant and to obtain FR performance sub-indicators (K1, K2, K3) and the electric power curve of combined heat and power (CHP) units with energy storage. The second stage of the model performs load distribution with the objective of minimizing operating cost, subject to the constraint of electric and heat power balance for CHP units and energy storage. Meanwhile, rolling optimization combined with dynamic correction is used to ensure the accuracy of the two-stage FR optimization model by updating the operating status of the CHP units and energy storage and reducing the prediction errors of the FR commands. The above models have been validated by actual case studies of a CHP plant in Northeast China. They can ensure the economic and sustainable operation of CHP units and energy storage, enabling the CHP plant to benefit in the FR ancillary services market. The models offer a useful reference for CHP enterprises in terms of FR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Cogeneration Systems and Electricity Consumption—Second Edition)
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21 pages, 3284 KiB  
Article
High-Efficiency Cogeneration: A Viable Solution for the Decarbonization of Cities with District Heating Systems
by Pavel Atănăsoae, Radu Dumitru Pentiuc and Laurențiu Dan Milici
Energies 2025, 18(7), 1581; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071581 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 227
Abstract
In a global context marked by increasingly evident climate change and an urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, efficient and environmentally friendly energy solutions are no longer just an option, but a necessity. Decarbonizing cities is an essential process for combating climate change [...] Read more.
In a global context marked by increasingly evident climate change and an urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, efficient and environmentally friendly energy solutions are no longer just an option, but a necessity. Decarbonizing cities is an essential process for combating climate change and creating a sustainable urban environment. This article provides an analysis of the decarbonization possibilities of the building heating sector in the case of cities with district heating systems. A case study referring to the district heating system of Suceava city, Romania, is provided. The results of this study show a significant reduction in carbon emissions per unit of thermal energy delivered (95.97%) from the district heating system after 2015 because of the change in technology and primary energy source (cogeneration and biomass). Also, a comparative analysis is provided: district heating vs. individual heating in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the same amount of heat supplied to end consumers in 2023. The comparative analysis highlights a difference in CO2 emission of 81.66% (0.220 kg CO2/kWh for individual heating and 0.040 kg CO2/kWh for district heating). The implications of high-efficiency cogeneration in the decarbonization of the building heating sector are analyzed and highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Cogeneration Systems and Electricity Consumption—Second Edition)
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17 pages, 3264 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Energy Performance of a Gas Turbine: Component of a High-Efficiency Cogeneration Plant
by Roxana Grigore, Aneta Hazi, Ioan Viorel Banu, Sorin Eugen Popa and Sorin Gabriel Vernica
Energies 2024, 17(19), 4860; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194860 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1145
Abstract
Cogeneration is widely recognized as one of the most efficient methods of electricity generation, with gas turbine-based systems playing a critical role in ensuring reliability, sustainability, and consistent power output. This paper presents an energy efficiency analysis of a 14 MW high-efficiency cogeneration [...] Read more.
Cogeneration is widely recognized as one of the most efficient methods of electricity generation, with gas turbine-based systems playing a critical role in ensuring reliability, sustainability, and consistent power output. This paper presents an energy efficiency analysis of a 14 MW high-efficiency cogeneration unit, featuring a modernized gas turbine as its core component. Since gas turbines often operate under varying loads due to fluctuating demand, this study examines their performance at 100%, 75%, and 50% load levels. It is observed that the efficiency of the gas turbine declines as the load decreases, primarily due to losses resulting from deviations from the design flow conditions. A detailed energy balance, Sankey diagram, and a comparative analysis of performance metrics against the manufacturer’s guarantees are provided for each load scenario. The results indicate that net thermal efficiency decreases by 10.7% at 75% load and by 30.6% at 50% load compared to nominal performance at full load. The performance at full load closely aligns with the values guaranteed by the gas turbine supplier. The gross electrical power output is 1.33% higher than the guaranteed value, and the thermodynamic circuit’s efficiency is 0.49% higher under real conditions. This study represents the initial phase of transitioning the turbine to operate on a fuel blend of natural gas and up to 20% hydrogen, with the goal of reducing CO2 emissions. As a novel contribution, this paper provides a systematized method for calculating and monitoring the in-service performance of gas turbines. The mathematical model is implemented using the Mathcad Prime 8.0 software, which proves to be beneficial for both operators and researchers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Cogeneration Systems and Electricity Consumption—Second Edition)
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