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Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 12115

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II”. With the increasing integration of renewable energy and the development of a smart grid, the topic of microgrids has attracted a lot of attention in recent years.

Microgrids are distributed electric power systems that autonomously coordinate power generations and demands. Modern microgrids often include renewable energy generations, such as wind and solar, supported by distributed energy storage systems. The distributed nature of microgrids and the uncertain, intermittent nature of power demands and renewable energy generations pose significant challenges in the operation of microgrids. Advanced methods of modern control play an important role in achieving a reliable, robust, secure, and cost-effective functioning of microgrid systems. Researchers and engineers worldwide are working together to develop novel and efficient tools of control in microgrids. This Special Issue is focused on new developments in the field of advanced control in microgrid systems.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Model predictive control of microgrid systems;
  • Robust control of microgrid systems;
  • Optimization of microgrids;
  • Control of battery energy storage systems;
  • Sliding mode control of microgrid systems;
  • Multiagent systems approach to control of microgrids;
  • Advanced control systems for market-oriented energy storage dispatch;
  • Control of microgrid systems with high penetrations of wind power;
  • Control of microgrid systems with high penetrations of solar power;
  • Optimization and control of microgrid systems with thermostatically controlled loads;
  • Minimizing the energy cost for microgrid systems;
  • Control of microgrid systems with communication delays.

Prof. Dr. Andrey V. Savkin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microgrids
  • energy storage systems
  • modern control
  • robust control
  • sliding mode control
  • optimization of microgrids
  • renewable generation
  • wind energy
  • solar energy
  • nonlinear control
  • optimal control
  • smart grid
  • microgrids with thermostatically controlled loads
  • market-oriented energy storage dispatch

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 6261 KiB  
Article
P2P Energy Exchange Architecture for Swarm Electrification-Driven PV Communities
by Khaled Taouil, Rahma Aloulou, Salma Bradai, Amal Gassara, Mohamed Wajdi Kharrat, Badii Louati and Michel Giordani
Energies 2024, 17(15), 3680; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17153680 - 26 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 522
Abstract
Swarm electrification-driven communities face significant challenges, including implementing advanced distributed control in areas with limited ICT access and establishing trust among villagers hesitant to grant access to their assets. This paper proposes a distributed DC microgrid architecture for P2P energy exchange in these [...] Read more.
Swarm electrification-driven communities face significant challenges, including implementing advanced distributed control in areas with limited ICT access and establishing trust among villagers hesitant to grant access to their assets. This paper proposes a distributed DC microgrid architecture for P2P energy exchange in these communities, ensuring stability and an effective exchange operation. By implementing a Blockchain marketplace specifically designed to suit the rural context, the proposed architecture ensures tracing of exchange transactions to fairly settle participants. Validation experiments demonstrate its efficacy in achieving peak shaving. It provides 11% of the requester’s total demand from the community even while maintaining the constraint of reducing discharge–charge cycles to one per day, thereby preserving battery life. Additionally, the solution reduces prosumer production losses by 16% of the total PV production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II)
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14 pages, 6047 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Offline Transient Power Oscillation and Its Suppression Method in the Microgrid with Multiple Virtual Synchronous Generators
by Liang Shan, Bo Yang and Shuai Lu
Energies 2023, 16(23), 7711; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237711 - 22 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 980
Abstract
When multiple Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSGs) operate in parallel in an islanded grid, power and frequency oscillations will occur when one VSG goes offline. However, the existing literature does not cover the related analysis and transient suppression schemes for this scenario. To analyze [...] Read more.
When multiple Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSGs) operate in parallel in an islanded grid, power and frequency oscillations will occur when one VSG goes offline. However, the existing literature does not cover the related analysis and transient suppression schemes for this scenario. To analyze these complex high-order system dynamics, this paper first establishes an intuitive equivalent circuit model for multiple VSGs, and the frequency domain expressions of the multi-machine VSG system during the VSG offline transient simulation are then derived. Based on the multi-VSG model and its transient oscillations analysis, this paper further proposes a configuration scheme for the equivalent circuit parameters. Equivalently, the virtual inertia, damping coefficient and virtual impedance of the VSGs can be configured. With the proposed parameter configuration scheme, the power oscillation during the VSG offline transient can be eliminated, as verified by experiments with a microgrid lab platform using three VSGs. Compared with the existing multi-VSG studies, the proposed scheme is not only the first attempt to study the transient suppression when a VSG goes offline, but also is more intuitive in analysis and less complicated in the controller parameter tuning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II)
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14 pages, 5510 KiB  
Article
Droop-Free Sliding-Mode Control for Active-Power Sharing and Frequency Regulation in Inverter-Based Islanded Microgrids
by Carlos Xavier Rosero, Milton Gavilánez and Cosme Mejía-Echeverría
Energies 2023, 16(18), 6442; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186442 - 6 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1161
Abstract
This paper introduces a simple decentralized sliding-mode (SM) approach to control active power sharing by regulating the local frequency in inverter-based islanded microgrids (MGs). Its sliding surface arises from the frequency correction term introduced in the droop-free technique; it relates local active power [...] Read more.
This paper introduces a simple decentralized sliding-mode (SM) approach to control active power sharing by regulating the local frequency in inverter-based islanded microgrids (MGs). Its sliding surface arises from the frequency correction term introduced in the droop-free technique; it relates local active power to neighboring MGs’ active power by considering available communications among voltage source inverters. Then, this schema allows one to avoid hierarchical control just as the droop-free method does, and the benefits associated are twofold. First, it reduces the steady-state frequency error while providing accurate active power distribution. Second, the system stays reliable, withstands uncertainties, and provides a fast transient response. A Lyapunov analysis confirms stability, and simulations on a realistic four-inverter MG platform substantiate the control scheme’s effectiveness. Its performance regards frequency regulation while achieving active power sharing, stability, and robustness against clock drifts and load steps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II)
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Review

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23 pages, 2565 KiB  
Review
A State-of-the-Art Review of Smart Energy Systems and Their Management in a Smart Grid Environment
by Hafiz Abdul Muqeet, Rehan Liaqat, Mohsin Jamil and Asharf Ali Khan
Energies 2023, 16(1), 472; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010472 - 1 Jan 2023
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5221
Abstract
A smart grid (SG), considered as a future electricity grid, utilizes bidirectional electricity and information flow to establish automated and widely distributed power generation. The SG provides a delivery network that has distributed energy sources, real-time asset monitoring, increased power quality, increased stability [...] Read more.
A smart grid (SG), considered as a future electricity grid, utilizes bidirectional electricity and information flow to establish automated and widely distributed power generation. The SG provides a delivery network that has distributed energy sources, real-time asset monitoring, increased power quality, increased stability and reliability, and two-way information sharing. Furthermore, SG provides many advantages, such as demand response, distribution automation, optimized use of electricity, economical energy, real-time grid status monitoring, voltage regulation or VAR control, and electricity storage. In this survey, we explore the literature on smart Grid enabling technologies until 2022. We dig out four major systems: (1) the smart grid’s prominent features and challenges; (2) the smart grid standard system and legislations; (3) smart grid energy subsystem; and (4) the smart grid management system and protection system for new researchers for their future projects. The research challenges and future recommendations are also presented in the conclusion section to explore the new paradigm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II)
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29 pages, 6334 KiB  
Review
Frequency and Voltage Control Techniques through Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: A Review
by Yousef Asadi, Mohsen Eskandari, Milad Mansouri, Andrey V. Savkin and Erum Pathan
Energies 2022, 15(22), 8580; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15228580 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
Microgrids (MG) are small-scale electric grids with local voltage control and power management systems to facilitate the high penetration and grid integration of renewable energy resources (RES). The distributed generation units (DGs), including RESs, are connected to (micro) grids through power electronics-based inverters. [...] Read more.
Microgrids (MG) are small-scale electric grids with local voltage control and power management systems to facilitate the high penetration and grid integration of renewable energy resources (RES). The distributed generation units (DGs), including RESs, are connected to (micro) grids through power electronics-based inverters. Therefore, new paradigms are required for voltage and frequency regulation by inverter-interfaced DGs (IIDGs). Notably, employing effective voltage and frequency regulation methods for establishing power-sharing among parallel inverters in MGs is the most critical issue. This paper provides a comprehensive study, comparison, and classification of control methods including communication-based, decentralized, and construction and compensation control techniques. The development of inverter-dominated MGs has caused limitations in employing classical control techniques due to their defective performance in handling non-linear models of IIDGs. To this end, this article reviews and illustrates advanced controllers that can deal with the challenges that are created due to the uncertain and arbitrary impedance characteristics of IIDGs in dynamics/transients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems II)
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