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Special Issue "The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas"

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A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 20350

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Robert Ohgami

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Guest Editor

Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
Interests: translational research; hematopathology; lymphoma; leukemia

Special Issue Information

The understanding and treatment of lymphomas is increasing at an exponential speed, due to research that has vastly changed diagnostic categorizations and therapeutic approaches. With this rapid advancement, we must continually keep abreast of the constantly changing standards and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.

This Special Issue of Diagnostics seeks to provide the global community with key reviews and primary articles that critically impact the field of lymphoma. Works in this issue will speak broadly yet offer focused and specific details. We aim to include areas that are well studied (e.g., genetics) as well as those with less focus previously. Experts in areas of diagnostics and therapies will detail current standards, provide data from novel studies, and anticipate future directions that may soon become critical to the present time.

Assoc. Prof. Robert S. Ohgami
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

B-cell lymphoma
T-cell lymphoma
lymphoma genetics
lymphoma diagnosis
lymphoma therapy
lymphoma treatment
lymphoma CAR-T
lymphoma virology
lymphoma microbiology
lymphoma immunotherapy
lymphoma proteomics
lymphoma diagnostics

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Comparison of FDG PET/CT and Bone Marrow Biopsy Results in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma with Subgroup Analysis of PET Radiomics

and

Diagnostics 2022, 12(1), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010222 - 17 Jan 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1677

Abstract

Whether FDG PET/CT can replace bone marrow biopsy (BMBx) is undecided in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We compared the visual PET findings and PET radiomic features, with BMBx results. A total of 328 patients were included; 269 (82%) were PET-negative and 59 (18%) were PET-positive for bone lesions on visual assessment. A fair degree of agreement was present between PET and BMBx findings (ĸ = 0.362, p < 0.001). Bone involvement on PET/CT lead to stage IV in 12 patients, despite no other evidence of extranodal lesion. Of 35 discordant PET-positive and BMBx-negative cases, 22 (63%) had discrete bone uptake on PET/CT. A total of 144 patients were eligible for radiomic analysis, and two grey-level zone-length matrix derived parameters obtained from the iliac crests showed a trend for higher values in the BMBx-positive group compared to the BMBx-negative group (mean 436.6 ± 449.0 versus 227.2 ± 137.8, unadjusted p = 0.037 for high grey-level zone emphasis; mean 308.8 ± 394.4 versus 135.7 ± 97.2, unadjusted p = 0.048 for short-zone high grey-level emphasis), but statistical significance was not found after multiple comparison correction. Visual FDG PET/CT assessment and BMBx results were discordant in 17% of patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL, and the two tests are complementary in the evaluation of bone involvement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Point Mutation Specific Antibodies in B-Cell and T-Cell Lymphomas and Leukemias: Targeting IDH2, KRAS, BRAF and Other Biomarkers RHOA, IRF8, MYD88, ID3, NRAS, SF3B1 and EZH2

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Diagnostics 2021, 11(4), 600; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11040600 - 27 Mar 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2593

Abstract

B-cell and T-cell lymphomas and leukemias often have distinct genetic mutations that are diagnostically defining or prognostically significant. A subset of these mutations consists of specific point mutations, which can be evaluated using genetic sequencing approaches or point mutation specific antibodies. Here, we describe genes harboring point mutations relevant to B-cell and T-cell malignancies and discuss the current availability of these targeted point mutation specific antibodies. We also evaluate the possibility of generating novel antibodies against known point mutations by computationally assessing for chemical and structural features as well as epitope antigenicity of these targets. Our results not only summarize several genetic mutations and identify existing point mutation specific antibodies relevant to hematologic malignancies, but also reveal potential underdeveloped targets which merit further study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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Open AccessReview

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas: A Diagnostic Overview of Key Histomorphologic, Immunophenotypic, and Genetic Features

Marietya I. S. Lauw

Calixto-Hope G. Lucas

Robert S. Ohgami

and

Kwun Wah Wen

Diagnostics 2020, 10(12), 1076; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10121076 - 11 Dec 2020

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3135

Abstract

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily arises in the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, and vitreoretinal compartment of the eye. The term is sometimes used interchangeably with primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS DLBCL) because DLBCL comprises a great majority (90–95%) of PCNSL. Although rare, other types of lymphomas can be seen in the central nervous system (CNS), and familiarity with these entities will help their recognition and further workup in order to establish the diagnosis. The latter is especially important in the case of PCNSL where procurement of diagnostic specimen is often challenging and yields scant tissue. In this review, we will discuss the most common types of primary lymphomas that can be seen in the CNS with emphasis on the diagnostic histomorphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular genetic features. The differential diagnostic approach to these cases and potential pitfalls will also be discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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Open AccessReview

Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg-Like Cells in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Paola Parente

Magda Zanelli

Francesca Sanguedolce

Luca Mastracci

and

Paolo Graziano

Diagnostics 2020, 10(12), 1019; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10121019 - 27 Nov 2020

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7421

Abstract

Reed–Sternberg cells (RSCs) are hallmarks of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). However, cells with a similar morphology and immunophenotype, so-called Reed–Sternberg-like cells (RSLCs), are occasionally seen in both B cell and T cell non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (NHLs). In NHLs, RSLCs are usually present as scattered elements or in small clusters, and the typical background microenviroment of cHL is usually absent. Nevertheless, in NHLs, the phenotype of RSLCs is very similar to typical RSCs, staining positive for CD30 and EBV, and often for B cell lineage markers, and negative for CD45/LCA. Due to different therapeutic approaches and prognostication, it is mandatory to distinguish between cHL and NHLs. Herein, NHL types in which RSLCs can be detected along with clinicopathological correlation are described. Moreover, the main helpful clues in the differential diagnosis with cHL are summarized. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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Other

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Open AccessCase Report

Hypodiploid B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia Presenting as an Isolated Orbital Mass Prior to Systemic Involvement: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Diagnostics 2021, 11(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11010025 - 25 Dec 2020

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1717

Abstract

We describe a 4-year-old boy who presented with progressive right periorbital edema and proptosis, with no systemic symptoms, who was found to have B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an enhancing mass centered in the right superolateral extraconal orbit. Orbital biopsy was consistent with B-ALL (CD99, TdT, LCA cocktail, CD34, CD79, CD10, PAX5, MIB1 positive; CD3, CD20 negative). A subsequent bone marrow aspirate confirmed a diagnosis of B-ALL with 80% blasts by flow cytometry and haploid cytogenetic findings. The patient improved clinically after chemotherapy. There are seven cases previously reported in the literature with hematogenous orbital masses at initial presentation of childhood ALL, but all with systemic symptoms or an abnormal complete blood count (CBC) at presentation. Our case is the first report in which an orbital mass preceded detectable systemic or laboratory evidence of ALL. This patient highlights the importance of differentiating benign causes of eyelid swelling from malignant ones. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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Open AccessCase Report

Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Diagnostics 2020, 10(6), 341; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060341 - 26 May 2020

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3152

Abstract

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is the most common entity of mature T-cell neoplasms. PTCL-NOS generally has an aggressive behavior and is often refractory to standard therapy. Only a few cases of PTCL with aberrant expression of B-cell antigens have been reported so far. This phenotypic aberrancy may lead to misdiagnosis as B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and eventual inappropriate patient management, whereas in an accurately diagnosed PTCL, the presence of CD20 may appear as an appealing therapeutic target. In this setting, response to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in combination with chemotherapy has been poorly explored. We describe the case of a 59-year-old male diagnosed by a pathological and molecular approach as PTCL-NOS with aberrant co-expression of the B-cell antigens CD20 and CD79a, which proved non-responsive to the addition of rituximab to standard polychemotherapy. This case highlights that the presence of CD20 in PTCL may be misleading in the diagnosis and also act as a lure for the clinician to adopt a rituximab-based treatment, the effectiveness of which is undefined as the molecular mechanisms underlying B-cell marker expression in PTCL. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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