Surface Properties of Dental Materials and Instruments, 3rd Edition

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactive Coatings and Biointerfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 1807

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental materials and instruments are constantly being improved. Additionally, every day new products are being introduced onto the market. This Special Issue will evaluate the antimicrobial, chemical, tribological, and mechanical surface properties of commercially available/experimental dental materials and instruments.

These products undergo chemical and mechanical degradation during use. As a result, the properties of these products may change significantly, adversely affecting their clinical performance. Moreover, the influence of surface properties on clinical performance and durability, related to ion/molecule migration due to wear and corrosion into the oral environment, is an important topic of interest.

Dental materials and instruments are subjected to microbial biofilm. Therefore, the evaluation and enhancement of dental products’ antimicrobial properties set new trends in the development of material sciences. Additionally, research on the subsequent effect of microbial action on materials may contribute to further scientific development.

Dental materials such as adhesive systems, composite resins, ceramics, implants, alloys, and acrylic resins are exposed to oral environments and undergo chemical changes and mechanical factors. Moreover, instruments such as endodontic files and burs are subjected to varying conditions during use and sterilization processes.

Reviews and research on both experimental and commercially available products are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • surface properties
  • surface topography
  • surface wear
  • antimicrobial properties
  • dental materials
  • dental instruments

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 904 KiB  
Article
Effects of Surface Finishing Procedures, Coffee Immersion, and Simulated Tooth-Brushing on the Surface Roughness, Surface Gloss, and Color Stability of a Resin Matrix Ceramic
by Esra Kaynak Öztürk, Ebru Binici Aygün, Elif Su Çiçek, Gaye Sağlam, Bilge Turhan Bal, Seçil Karakoca Nemli and Merve Bankoğlu Güngör
Coatings 2025, 15(6), 627; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15060627 - 23 May 2025
Viewed by 481
Abstract
The color stability of dental ceramics in the oral cavity is influenced by multiple factors, including the patient’s dietary habits and oral hygiene practices, which can affect the optical and surface properties of resin-containing dental restorative materials. The purpose of this study was [...] Read more.
The color stability of dental ceramics in the oral cavity is influenced by multiple factors, including the patient’s dietary habits and oral hygiene practices, which can affect the optical and surface properties of resin-containing dental restorative materials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of surface finishing procedures and simulated tooth-brushing on the surface roughness, surface gloss, and color stability of resin matrix ceramics before and after coffee immersion. Forty specimens were prepared from a resin matrix ceramic and divided into four experimental groups according to surface finishing procedures, coffee immersion, and simulated tooth-brushing. The surface roughness, surface gloss, and color stability of the tested material were measured, and the data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of p < 0.05. The surface finishing procedures, measurement times, and application sequences affected surface roughness, surface gloss, and color stability. The most significant color differences occurred after coffee immersion; however, tooth-brushing had a more significant effect on the surface roughness and surface gloss. Coffee caused perceivable and clinically unacceptable color differences in the resin matrix ceramics. Tooth-brushing had a positive impact on the tested parameters. This study presents a novel approach by integrating both chemical (coffee immersion) and mechanical (tooth-brushing simulation) degradation processes to assess their combined and isolated effects on a resin matrix ceramic material. The findings provide clinically relevant insights into how finishing procedures and oral hygiene may influence the long-term esthetic performance of such restorative materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Properties of Dental Materials and Instruments, 3rd Edition)
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16 pages, 3950 KiB  
Article
Are Dental Prophylaxis Protocols Safe for CAD-CAM Restorative Materials? Surface Characteristics and Fatigue Strength
by Lucas Saldanha da Rosa, Luiza Freitas Brum Souza, Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco, Thaís Andressa Cavalcante Kluch, Felipe Somavilla Binotto, Vitória Zanetti Henriques, Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan, Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira and João Paulo Mendes Tribst
Coatings 2024, 14(12), 1510; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14121510 - 30 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1034
Abstract
The surface of dental materials is exposed to various prophylaxis protocols during routine dental care. However, the impact of these protocols on the functional properties of the material’s surface remains unclear. This study investigates the influence of different dental prophylaxis protocols on the [...] Read more.
The surface of dental materials is exposed to various prophylaxis protocols during routine dental care. However, the impact of these protocols on the functional properties of the material’s surface remains unclear. This study investigates the influence of different dental prophylaxis protocols on the surface properties and their effect on the mechanical performance of CAD-CAM restorative materials. Discs (Ø = 15 mm, thickness = 1.2 mm) were fabricated from resin composite (RC, Tetric CAD), leucite-reinforced (LEU, IPS Empress CAD), lithium disilicate (LD, IPS e.max CAD), and zirconia ceramics (ZIR, IPS e.max ZirCAD MT). The materials were subjected to six prophylactic treatments: untreated (CTRL), prophylactic paste fine (PPF), prophylactic paste coarse (PPC), pumice stone (PS), air abrasion with sodium bicarbonate jet (BJ), and ultrasonic scaling (US). Biaxial flexural fatigue tests, along with fractographic, roughness, and topographic analyses, were conducted. No significant changes in fatigue strength were observed for RC, LD, and ZIR under any prophylaxis protocols. However, LEU subjected to BJ treatment exhibited significantly reduced fatigue strength (p = 0.004), with a 22% strength reduction compared to the monotonic test and substantial surface alterations. Surface roughness analyses revealed increased roughness for RC treated with PPF, PPC, and PS compared to CTRL (p < 0.05), while LD exhibited decreased roughness following PPF, PS, and US treatments (p < 0.05). In ZIR, only the BJ protocol increased roughness (p = 0.001). In conclusion, dental prophylaxis protocols do not significantly affect the mechanical strength of RC, LD, and ZIR materials, thus allowing any protocol to be used for these materials. However, for LEU ceramics, the BJ protocol should be avoided due to its effect of reducing fatigue strength and damaging the surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Properties of Dental Materials and Instruments, 3rd Edition)
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