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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Recent Progress in Dental Biomaterials
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Recent Progress in Dental Biomaterials

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 7855

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Monika Lukomska-Szymanska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
Interests: dental composites; dental adhesive systems; ceramic materials; acrylic resins; dental alloys; dentures; dental implants; endodontic materials, endodontic instruments; antimicrobial properties; chemical properties; mechanical properties; bruxism; masticatory muscles; diagnostics; treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, biomaterials have become particularly important in dentistry. One of the goals of research is to improve the clinical performance, biocompatibility, antimicrobial and mechanical properties of products applied in dental offices. On the other hand, every day, new materials, offering enhanced properties and ease of use, are developed and introduced into the market. The focus on biomechanical engineering and interdisciplinary research is of particular importance to provide biomaterials with optimal characteristics and performance. In this light, there has been undisputable progress in the design of biomaterials for different applications in dentistry. Therefore, this Special Issue will focus on novel biomaterials and related techniques.

Reviews and research on both experimental and commercially available products are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • dental materials
  • tissue engineering
  • bone or soft tissue regeneration
  • dental caries
  • tooth wear
  • dental techniques
  • prosthodontics
  • endodontics
  • restorative dentistry
  • implantology
  • periodontology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 16869 KiB  
Article
An In Vitro Comparative Analysis of Physico–Mechanical Properties of Commercial and Experimental Bioactive Endodontic Sealers
by Abdulmajeed Kashaf, Faisal Alonaizan, Khalid S. Almulhim, Dana Almohazey, Deemah Abdullah Alotaibi, Sultan Akhtar, Ashwin C. Shetty and Abdul Samad Khan
Bioengineering 2024, 11(11), 1079; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11111079 - 28 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1166
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of root and sealer penetration after obturation using an epoxy resin sealer AH plus (AH+) and two different bioactive endodontic sealers, i.e., Totalfill BC Hiflow (TF BC), and experimental injectable bioactive glass (Exp.BG). A thermo-sensitive [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of root and sealer penetration after obturation using an epoxy resin sealer AH plus (AH+) and two different bioactive endodontic sealers, i.e., Totalfill BC Hiflow (TF BC), and experimental injectable bioactive glass (Exp.BG). A thermo-sensitive injectable sealer was prepared by using a non-ionic triblock copolymer and bioactive glass. The root canals of human extracted teeth were obturated with the respective sealers. The fracture resistance was analyzed at different time intervals, i.e., days 7, 30, and 90. The morphological and elemental analyses of the fractured roots were conducted with a scanning electron microscopy and a electron dispersive spectroscopy. Sealer penetration depth and the percentage of penetrated sealers into the dentinal tubules were assessed with the confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey’s test. The mean fracture force in AH+ was significantly higher on day 30 (664.08 ± 138.8 N) compared to day 7 (476.07 ± 173.2 N) and day 90 (493.38 ± 120.18 N). There was no statistically significant difference between the TF BC and Exp.BG at different time intervals. The maximum penetration was observed in the middle region compared to coronal and apical for the Exp.BG, followed by the TF BC and AH+ groups; however, a nonsignificant difference in penetration was found over time. It is concluded that the TF BC group showed overall better fracture resistance than AH+ at day 90. Exp.BG showed comparable sealer penetration to those of TF BC and better than those of AH+. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Dental Biomaterials)
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10 pages, 7217 KiB  
Article
Comparison of De-Torque and Failure Load Evaluation of Selective-Laser-Sintered CoCr, CAD-CAM ZrO, and Machined Implant Abutment/Restoration
by Fahim Vohra, Rawan Alsaif, Rawaiz Khan and Ishfaq A. Bukhari
Bioengineering 2024, 11(5), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11050448 - 30 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1571
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to compare the torque loss, fracture load, compressive strength, and failure types of selective-laser-sintered cobalt chromium (SLM-Co-Cr), computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing zirconium oxide (CAD-CAM-ZrO), and machined titanium (Ti) implant abutments. Methods: Thirty endosseous dental implants were vertically embedded [...] Read more.
Aim: This study aimed to compare the torque loss, fracture load, compressive strength, and failure types of selective-laser-sintered cobalt chromium (SLM-Co-Cr), computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing zirconium oxide (CAD-CAM-ZrO), and machined titanium (Ti) implant abutments. Methods: Thirty endosseous dental implants were vertically embedded with machined Ti (control group), CAD-CAM-ZrO, and SLM-Co-Cr abutments. Abutment fabrication involved CAD-CAM milling and SLM technology. The de-torque assessment included preload reverse torque values (RTVs), cyclic loading, and post-RTVs using a customized protocol. Fracture load assessment employed ISO-14801 standards, and statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and Tukey Post hoc tests (p < 0.05). Results: In pre-load RTVs, SLM-Co-Cr showed the lowest mean torque loss (24.30 ± 2.13), followed by machined Ti (27.33 ± 2.74) and CAD-CAM-ZrO (22.07 ± 2.20). Post-load RTVs decreased for all groups. Fracture load and compressive strength were highest for SLM-Co-Cr, with significant differences among groups (p < 0.001). Fracture types included abutment failures in SLM-Co-Cr and machined Ti, while CAD-CAM-ZrO exhibited crown separation with deformation. Conclusion: SLM-Co-Cr-fabricated implant abutments exhibited superior stability and resistance to rotational forces, higher fracture loads, and greater compressive strength compared to CAD-CAM-ZrO and machined Ti. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Dental Biomaterials)
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Review

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13 pages, 1378 KiB  
Review
Different Oral Appliance Designs Demonstrate Different Rates of Efficacy for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Review Article
by Leonard A. Liptak, Edward Sall, Sung Kim, Erin Mosca, Shouresh Charkhandeh and John E. Remmers
Bioengineering 2025, 12(2), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12020210 - 19 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2039
Abstract
Obstructive Sleep Apnea afflicts an estimated 1 billion people worldwide. Untreated, Obstructive Sleep Apnea is linked with elevated levels of mortality, decreased quality of life and increased economic costs. However, several large population studies demonstrate that the efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure [...] Read more.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea afflicts an estimated 1 billion people worldwide. Untreated, Obstructive Sleep Apnea is linked with elevated levels of mortality, decreased quality of life and increased economic costs. However, several large population studies demonstrate that the efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy, the most frequently prescribed treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea, is compromised by frequent refusals and terminations. As a result, healthcare providers are evaluating non-CPAP treatment options. Oral Appliance Therapy has emerged as a leading non-CPAP treatment for patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Historically, healthcare providers have questioned the efficacy of Oral Appliance Therapy. Dozens of Oral Appliances are available to healthcare providers, with many contemporary Oral Appliances featuring improved designs, materials and technologies. This review investigates whether Oral Appliance design matters; do different Oral Appliance designs demonstrate different rates of efficacy? To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first review to exclusively focus on scientific papers that report treatment success with Oral Appliances as a residual Apnea Hypopnea Index of less than 10 events per hour. Out of 272 source papers, the 27 papers included in this review encompass a pooled sample of 3799 patients treated with six distinctly different categories of Oral Appliance designs. Chi-squared and two-sided Fisher’s exact tests indicate significant differences in efficacy amongst Oral Appliance designs. These findings suggest that certain Oral Appliance designs can enable highly efficacious treatment for patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Given these findings, healthcare providers should consider design when selecting an oral device for patients diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Dental Biomaterials)
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Other

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18 pages, 2253 KiB  
Systematic Review
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Remineralizing Agents: Outcomes on White Spot Lesions
by Ana Josefina Monjarás-Ávila, Louis Hardan, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Norma Verónica Zavala Alonso, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Barrera, Carol Moussa, Jamal Jabr, Rim Bourgi and Youssef Haikel
Bioengineering 2025, 12(1), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12010093 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 2356
Abstract
Dental caries is a widespread issue impacting global oral health. White spot lesions, the earliest stage of caries, compromise enamel’s esthetics and integrity. Remineralization therapies, both fluoride and non-fluoride based, aim to restore enamel, but limited comparative data exist on their effects on [...] Read more.
Dental caries is a widespread issue impacting global oral health. White spot lesions, the earliest stage of caries, compromise enamel’s esthetics and integrity. Remineralization therapies, both fluoride and non-fluoride based, aim to restore enamel, but limited comparative data exist on their effects on lesion depth and microhardness. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of remineralizing agents on lesion depth and microhardness of human teeth. The literature search included the following five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo, SCOPUS, and EMBASE from the period 2012 to October 2022. Studies evaluating lesion depth and microhardness in human teeth after the application of a remineralizing agent were considered for review. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). A random effect model was used to pool estimate of effect and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for surface microhardness and depth lesion. Subgroup analyses were performed considering the presence of fluoride or not in the remineralization agent. Thirty-three studies were included in the qualitative review. Of these, twenty-six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The main risks of bias associated with the studies included a lack of blinding of the test operator and failure to obtain sample size. To conclude, fluorinated agents are more effective in remineralizing artificially induced white spot lesion than non-fluoride remineralizing agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Dental Biomaterials)
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