Properties and Function of Enzymes in the Metabolic Regulation of Oxidative and Reductive Processes
A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Microenvironment".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 9975
Special Issue Editor
Interests: allosteric and covalent regulation of enzymes; kinetic and regulatory properties of enzymes; oxidative stress; protein S-thiolation; purine salvage enzymes; chaperon-like activity of α-crystallin; polyol pathway enzymes; cytotoxic aldehyde metabolism; aldose reductase inhibition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The transfer of electrons between atoms is the simplest way to mobilize chemical energy between molecules. Indeed, oxidative and reductive processes represent the cell’s unavoidable path for recruiting and managing metabolic energy. Hence, the catabolic pathways through which metabolic energy is made available for biosynthetic purposes or more generally for allowing the variety of cellular functions are closely related to redox processes. Thus, molecular oxygen and/or a number of intracellular redox systems allow the replenishment of high-energy molecules on which cellular life relies. On the other hand, anabolism often proceeds via reductive steps, which are also essential to counteract the conditions of oxidative stress deriving from the oxidative environment in which cellular life normally takes place. In this regard, the redox homeostasis of cellular systems represents a goal pursued in all living organisms. Such a large network of molecular events requires rigorous metabolic control via oxidoreductases activities, in charge of catalyzing the single competing events. Oxidoreductases represent the largest and most articulated enzyme class with over 1400 entries. This is due both to the variety of redox reactions used in different organisms to meet metabolic needs and to the specificity of the enzymes involved. Thus, many different dehydrogenases targeting specific substrates and cofactors, oxidases, and peroxidases are recruited to drive metabolic reactions, to control transmembrane trafficking, and to perform an antioxidant/detoxifying action.
The aim of this Special Issue is to offer a common platform where the action of different oxidoreductases, acting on reversible or irreversible reactions, can be dissected in terms of structural determinants, catalytic properties, regulatory features, and metabolic function.
Prof. Dr. Umberto Mura
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- oxidoreductases
- dehydrogenases
- pyridine redox cofactors
- flavine redox cofactors
- oxygenases
- hydroxylases
- peroxidases
- oxidative stress
- antioxidant enzymes
- glutathione
- metallothionein
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