Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 5413

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: mechanisms of drug resistance; combination therapies; angiogenesis; tumor microenvironment; colorectal cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Globally, colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer and ranks second in cancer-related deaths overall. Its screening and early detection have led to improvements in the survival of patients, especially those with early-stage disease; however, for patients who are diagnosed with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer, the outlook remains grim. In the past decade, developments in targeted therapies have improved patient survival, but the benefits are still modest. While immunotherapies have been shown to be effective and result in durable responses in a subset of patients, effective therapies for the majority of patients are still required. Additionally, increases in patients with early onset colorectal cancer present an area of major concern. The roles of liquid biopsies, targeted drug therapies, immunotherapies, and less- as well as non-invasive treatments are some of the evolving horizons in managing and combating this terrible disease.

March is designated as "World Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month", with various global activities to highlight the importance of screening for colorectal cancer and increasing awareness of colorectal cancer for research support and development.

We would like to take this opportunity to appreciate all of the researchers who have contributed to the fight against this disease. In particular, we would like to highlight several topics in this field, which cover early detection, promising therapeutic targets, new therapeutic strategies, the biology of colorectal tumors, and early onset colorectal cancer. We hope that this Special Issue will provide useful information for both basic and translational researchers and help improve clinical practice.

Dr. Rajat Bhattacharya
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • colorectal cancer
  • screening
  • early detection
  • therapeutic targets
  • therapeutic strategies
  • early onset colorectal cancer

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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18 pages, 4915 KiB  
Article
Novel Molecular Signatures Selectively Predict Clinical Outcomes in Colon Cancer
by Sarrah Lahorewala, Chandramukhi S. Panda, Karina Aguilar, Daley S. Morera, Huabin Zhu, Adriana L. Gramer, Tawhid Bhuiyan, Meera Nair, Amanda Barrett, Roni J. Bollag and Vinata B. Lokeshwar
Cancers 2025, 17(6), 919; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17060919 - 7 Mar 2025
Viewed by 593
Abstract
Among the 152,810 estimated new cases of adenocarcinoma of the colon (COAD) and the rectum (READ) in 2024, the rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing in young adults (age < 55 years) [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month)
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13 pages, 1416 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Outcome After Resection of Hepatic and Pulmonary Metastases in Multivisceral Colorectal Cancer
by Christopher Berlin, Geoffroy Andrieux, Magdalena Menzel, Gabriel J. Stöger, Andreas Gengenbach, Luisa Schäfer, Hans C. Hillebrecht, Rebecca Kesselring, Uyen-Thao Le, Stefan Fichtner-Feigl and Philipp A. Holzner
Cancers 2024, 16(22), 3741; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16223741 - 5 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) with hepatic (CRLM) and pulmonary metastases (CRLU) presents a significant clinical challenge, leading to poor prognosis. Surgical resection of these metastases remains controversial because of limited evidence supporting its long-term benefits. To evaluate the impact of surgical resection of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) with hepatic (CRLM) and pulmonary metastases (CRLU) presents a significant clinical challenge, leading to poor prognosis. Surgical resection of these metastases remains controversial because of limited evidence supporting its long-term benefits. To evaluate the impact of surgical resection of both hepatic and pulmonary metastases on long-term survival in patients with multivisceral metastatic colorectal cancer, this retrospective cohort study included 192 patients with UICC stage IV CRC treated at a high-volume academic center. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent surgical resection of both hepatic and pulmonary metastases (n = 100) and those who received non-surgical treatment (n = 92). Propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline differences. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Results: Unadjusted analysis showed a significant OS benefit in the surgical group (median OS: 6.97 years) compared with the conservative group (median OS: 2.17 years). After propensity score matching, this survival advantage persisted (median OS: 5.58 years vs. 2.35 years; HR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.18–0.47, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Surgical resection of hepatic and pulmonary metastases in multivisceral metastatic CRC significantly improves long-term survival, supporting an aggressive surgical approach in selected patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month)
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14 pages, 606 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Study of Colorectal Cancer: Differences between Screen-Detected and Symptom-Diagnosed Patients
by Sergio A. Novotny, Vidina A. Rodrigo Amador, Jordi Seguí Orejuela, Adriana López-Pineda, José A. Quesada, Avelino Pereira-Expósito, Concepción Carratalá-Munuera, Juan Hernandis Villalba and Vicente F. Gil-Guillén
Cancers 2024, 16(19), 3363; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16193363 - 30 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1292
Abstract
Background and objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of mortality in Spain, with screening programs, such as the faecal occult blood test and colonoscopy, having shown effectiveness in reducing CRC incidence and mortality. Despite these advancements, CRC screening uptake remains low [...] Read more.
Background and objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of mortality in Spain, with screening programs, such as the faecal occult blood test and colonoscopy, having shown effectiveness in reducing CRC incidence and mortality. Despite these advancements, CRC screening uptake remains low in Spain, highlighting the need for studies comparing outcomes between screening-diagnosed and symptom-diagnosed patients to better understand the impact on overall survival and to quantify the clinical benefit in prognosis at diagnosis and at the end of follow-up. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with the following objectives: to compare stage at diagnosis, all-cause mortality, and disease-specific mortality among people diagnosed with CRC based on screening and based on symptoms; to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in this population; and to evaluate the effectiveness of screening on survival and early detection. Our study included people diagnosed with CRC in the public hospital of Elda (Spain) from 2014 to 2018; follow-up was until 2023 or death. Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality, which we analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves. We also investigated CRC-specific mortality and other-cause mortality. Results: Our sample included 315 people (186 with symptom-based diagnoses, 129 with screening-based diagnoses). The mean length of follow-up was 62.8 months. The screening group had a higher prevalence of a family history of CRC (p = 0.008), a distal tumour location (p = 0.002), and a cancer stage of 0 or I (p < 0.001). The symptoms group had a higher prevalence of a proximal CRC (p = 0.002), other chronic diseases (p < 0.001), and stages II, III, and IV (p < 0.001). Two variables were associated with mortality: stage IV at diagnosis and previous cancers. People with a symptom-based diagnosis had a higher prevalence of stage IV at diagnosis and a higher cumulative incidence of CRC mortality and all-cause mortality at the end of follow-up (p < 0.05). The Kaplan–Meier curves also showed a higher rate of all-cause mortality in the symptoms group throughout the follow-up. Conclusion: CRC screening enables an earlier diagnosis and improves survival. These findings support public health policies that promote accessible and effective screening. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month)
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10 pages, 409 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Use of Blood-Based Biomarkers in the Prediction of Colorectal Neoplasia at the Time of Primary Screening Colonoscopy Among Average-Risk Patients: A Systematic Literature Review
by R. Liam Sutherland, Dylan E. O’Sullivan, Yibing Ruan, Kristian Chow, Brittany Mah, Dayoung Kim, Robert B. Basmadjian, Nauzer Forbes, Winson Y. Cheung, Robert J. Hilsden and Darren R. Brenner
Cancers 2024, 16(22), 3824; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16223824 - 14 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1170
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Risk prediction models (RPMs) for colorectal cancer (CRC) could facilitate risk-based screening. Models incorporating biomarkers may improve the utility of current RPMs. We performed a systematic review of studies reporting RPMs for CRC that evaluated the impact of blood-based biomarkers on clinical [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Risk prediction models (RPMs) for colorectal cancer (CRC) could facilitate risk-based screening. Models incorporating biomarkers may improve the utility of current RPMs. We performed a systematic review of studies reporting RPMs for CRC that evaluated the impact of blood-based biomarkers on clinical outcome prediction at the time of screening colonoscopy in average-risk populations. Methods: We conducted a search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from inception through April 2024. Studies that developed or validated a model to predict risk of CRC or its precursors were included. Studies were limited to those including patients undergoing average-risk CRC screening. Results: Sixteen studies published between 2015 and 2024 were included. Outcomes included CRC (16 studies) and high-risk adenomas (1 study). Using a complete blood count was the most common biomarker and was able to achieve an AUC of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.88. Other blood-based biomarkers included were various serum proteins/metabolites/enzymes, plasma metabolites, insulin-related factors, and anemia markers. The highest-performing model, with an AUC of 0.99, involved the use of a plasma metabolite panel. Conclusions: The evidence base of RPMs for CRC screening is expanding and incorporating biomarkers, which remain a prominent aspect of model discovery. Most RPMs included a lack of internal/external validation or discussion as to how the model could be implemented clinically. As biomarkers improve the discriminatory potential of RPMs, more research is needed for the evaluation and implementation of RPMs within existing CRC screening frameworks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month)
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