Pathology of Pediatric Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2024) | Viewed by 1557

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
Interests: pediatric hematology-oncology; pediatric central nervous system tumors; cell and gene therapy; target therapy and immunotherapy; phase I studies; molecular biology; cancer predisposition syndromes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Interests: neuroblastoma; retinoblastoma; COVID-19; drug therapy; pediatric
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We extend a warm and heartfelt invitation to you to contribute to our upcoming Special Issue on "Pathology of Pediatric Cancers." This significant endeavor aims to gather and showcase the latest research and insights into the intricate landscape of cancers afflicting children.

In this Special Issue, we aspire to delve deep into the realms of pediatric oncology, exploring the diverse aspects of cancer pathology specific to this vulnerable population. We encourage you to share your original research, reviews, and case studies, which will enrich our understanding of the molecular, histopathological, and immunological intricacies underlying these malignancies.

By bringing together diverse perspectives and experiences, we hope to forge a comprehensive and cohesive body of knowledge that not only improves diagnostic accuracy but also opens up avenues for innovative and targeted therapeutic approaches. Moreover, understanding the unique mechanisms driving tumor development in children is paramount for achieving better outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for young patients and their families.

Contributions to this Special Issue will contribute to shaping the future of pediatric oncology, guiding clinical decision making, and fostering collaborative efforts towards a shared goal of eradicating the burden of cancer in children.

Please join us in this critical endeavor by submitting your research, thus making this Special Issue a resounding success in advancing the field of pediatric cancer pathology.

Thank you for considering our invitation. We eagerly await your valuable contributions.

Dr. Angela Mastronuzzi
Dr. Maria Antonietta De Ioris
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatric cancers
  • pathology
  • oncogenesis
  • childhood tumors
  • molecular profiling
  • histopathology
  • diagnostic challenges
  • targeted therapy
  • immunological aspects
  • prognostic markers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 15343 KiB  
Article
DHODH Inhibition Suppresses MYC and Inhibits the Growth of Medulloblastoma in a Novel In Vivo Zebrafish Model
by Ioanna Tsea, Thale Kristin Olsen, Panagiotis Alkinoos Polychronopoulos, Conny Tümmler, David B. Sykes, Ninib Baryawno and Cecilia Dyberg
Cancers 2024, 16(24), 4162; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16244162 - 13 Dec 2024
Viewed by 857
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common high-grade paediatric brain tumour, with group 3 MB patients having the worst prognosis. A high prevalence of group 3 tumours shows overexpression of the MYC oncogene, making it a potential therapeutic target. However, attempts to directly [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common high-grade paediatric brain tumour, with group 3 MB patients having the worst prognosis. A high prevalence of group 3 tumours shows overexpression of the MYC oncogene, making it a potential therapeutic target. However, attempts to directly inhibit MYC have so far demonstrated limited success. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a crucial enzyme of the pyrimidine biosynthesis process, has emerged as an up-and-coming target in oncology, as its inhibition has shown promise in several cancers. Methods: In this study, we investigated the efficacy of brequinar, a DHODH inhibitor, in MB, with a focus on group 3. In vitro, BRQ’s effects on cell viability and MYC expression were tested in seven MB cell lines. In vivo, a novel zebrafish xenograft model was used to evaluate BRQ’s impact on tumour growth and toxicity. Results: High DHODH expression was identified in group 3 and shh MB subgroups, correlating with poor survival and MYC expression. BRQ demonstrated nanomolar efficacy in inducing apoptosis and reducing MYC expression in group 3 MB cell lines. Finally, we established a novel zebrafish xenograft model and demonstrated that BRQ significantly inhibited tumour growth at non-toxic concentrations in vivo, particularly in the D458 metastatic MB cell line. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that DHODH is a promising therapeutic target in group 3 MBs. Furthermore, BRQ shows potential for clinical application, effectively reducing tumour growth and MYC expression in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, our newly established zebrafish xenograft model offers a promising avenue for rapid in vivo drug testing for use in MB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathology of Pediatric Cancers)
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