Bioactive Molecules against Aging: Organism-, Cell-, and Mitochondria-Based Approaches

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2025) | Viewed by 827

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Neuroscience Institute, CNR (Italian National Research Council), Padua, Italy
2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Interests: cell signaling; mitochondria; Ca2+ signaling; skeletal muscle; human pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Neuroscience Institute, CNR (Italian National Research Council), Padua, Italy
2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Interests: flavonoids; polyphenols; polyphenol derivatives; natural polyphenols; prodrugs; chromatography; nutraceuticals; metabolite identification; medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aging, together with the pathologies that are often associated with it, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, is undoubtedly one of the aspects of human health that mostly impact modern society, both at the social and economic levels worldwide. It is estimated that by the end of this decade, 1 out of 6 people will be older than 60. The scientific community is concerned about the effects of aging on the human body and cognitive capacity and is putting major efforts towards molecular understanding as well as the prevention of the physical and psychological decline associated with age. However, since the process of aging involves a multifaceted interaction of biological events at both the organism and subcellular levels (organ failure, sarcopenia, reduced regeneration, neurological impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction, defective autophagy, and oxidative stress), its comprehension and tackling are particularly complex. Small molecules and bioactive compounds, especially those of natural origin, might help slow down and prevent some of the age-associated physical and cognitive deterioration. This Special Issue is meant to collect the latest findings and reviews on the possible use of bioactive molecules and natural compounds to promote healthy aging and combat age-related pathologies at multiple levels, from subcellular to tissue and whole organism. Original research articles as well as reviews will be welcome.

We are looking forward to receiving your valuable contribution to this Special Issue.

For any additional information or query, do not hesitate to contact us.

Sincerely,

Dr. Giorgia Pallafacchina
Dr. Lucia Biasutto
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • aging
  • bioactive molecules
  • healthy aging
  • cell signaling
  • mitochondria

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1833 KiB  
Article
Sex- and Tissue-Specific Effects of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor on Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Ischemic Stroke
by Hemendra J. Vekaria, Sarah J. Shelley, Sarah J. Messmer, Prashant D. Kunjadia, Christopher J. McLouth, Patrick G. Sullivan, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker and Chirayu D. Pandya
Biomolecules 2025, 15(5), 738; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15050738 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 587
Abstract
Oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and/or inflammation is considered to play an important role in ischemic stroke injury. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to protect both oligodendrocytes and neurons from ischemia by upregulating endogenous anti-oxidants, though [...] Read more.
Oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and/or inflammation is considered to play an important role in ischemic stroke injury. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to protect both oligodendrocytes and neurons from ischemia by upregulating endogenous anti-oxidants, though the effect of ischemia and the protective role of LIF treatment in mitochondrial function have not been studied. The goal of this study was to determine whether LIF protects ischemia-induced altered mitochondrial bioenergetics in reproductively senescent aged rats of both sexes (≥18 months old), approximately equivalent to the average age of human stroke patients. Animals were euthanized at 3 days after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. We found that MCAO surgery significantly reduced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in both the ipsilateral striatum and prefrontal cortex in male aged rats compared to their respective contralateral regions of the brain. MCAO injury showed mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction only in the striatum in female rats; however, the prefrontal cortex remained unaffected to the injury. LIF-treated rats significantly prevented mitochondrial dysfunction in the striatum in male rats compared to their vehicle-treated counterparts. Collectively, MCAO-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and LIF’s potential as a therapeutic biomolecule exhibited sex- and tissue-specific effects, varying between the striatum and prefrontal cortex in male and female rats. Full article
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