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Biomarkers Profile and Biomolecular Signaling in Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies

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A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biomarkers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 11527

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Matteo Beltrami

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Guest Editor

Cardiology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 50143 Florence, Italy
Interests: heart failure

Dr. Alberto Palazzuoli

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Guest Editor

Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Cardio Thoracic and Vascular Department, Le Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 14, 53100 Siena, Italy
Interests: heart failure; intensive care medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, specific biomarkers with different pathophysiological backgrounds, particularly N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, play a key role in diagnosis, treatment, and risk stratification in cardiomyopathies. Elevated biomarkers seem to depict patients with more severe disease, adding diagnostic and prognostic information to conventional assessment such as left ventricular ejection fraction and NYHA class. A multi-biomarker approach for personalized medical care is not too far-fetched, and such an approach can greatly enhance diagnosis, prognostication, and therapy guidance for cardiomyopathies.

The aim of this Special Issue is to offer to readers the best overview of the current state of knowledge of biomolecular biomarkers in cardiomyopathies.

Dr. Matteo Beltrami
Dr. Alberto Palazzuoli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

biomarkers
cardiomyopathies
diagnosis
prognosis
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
dilated cardiomyopathy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2398 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Low Valine Serum Levels Predict Increased 1-Year Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients

by Iva Klobučar, Luka Vidović, Ilona Arih, Margarete Lechleitner, Gudrun Pregartner, Andrea Berghold, Hansjörg Habisch, Tobias Madl, Saša Frank and Vesna Degoricija

Biomolecules 2023, 13(9), 1323; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13091323 - 29 Aug 2023

Viewed by 936

Abstract

Considering the relationship between disease severity and the extent of metabolic derangement in heart failure, we hypothesized that the serum levels of metabolites may have prognostic value for 1-year mortality in acute heart failure (AHF). The AHF study was a prospective, observational study enrolling consecutive patients hospitalized due to AHF. Metabolites were measured in serum collected at admission using NMR spectroscopy. Out of 315 AHF patients, 118 (37.5%) died within 1 year after hospitalization for AHF. The serum levels of 8 out of 49 identified metabolites were significantly different between patients who were alive and those who died within 1 year after hospitalization for AHF. Of these, only valine was significantly associated with 1-year mortality (hazard ratio 0.73 per 1 standard deviation increase, 95% confidence interval: 0.59–0.90, p = 0.003) in the multivariable Cox regression analyses. Kaplan–Maier analysis showed significantly higher survival rates in AHF patients with valine levels above the median (>279.2 µmol/L) compared to those with valine levels ≤ 279.2 µmol/L. In a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, valine was able to discriminate between the two groups with an area under the curve of 0.65 (95% CI 0.59–0.72). We conclude that valine serum levels might be of prognostic value in AHF. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers Profile and Biomolecular Signaling in Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies)

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Review

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20 pages, 1675 KiB

Open AccessReview

Renal Assessment in Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome

by Piotr Łagosz, Jan Biegus, Szymon Urban and Robert Zymliński

Biomolecules 2023, 13(2), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13020239 - 27 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5316

Abstract

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex, heterogeneous spectrum of symptoms that has kept cardiologists awake for decades. The heart failure (HF) population being burdened with multimorbidity poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges even for experienced clinicians. Adding deteriorated renal function to the equation, which is one of the strongest predictors of adverse outcome, we measure ourselves against possibly the biggest problem in modern cardiology. With the rapid development of new renal assessment methods, we can treat CRS more effectively than ever. The presented review focuses on explaining the pathophysiology, recent advances and current practices of monitoring renal function in patients with acute CRS. Understanding the dynamic interaction between the heart and the kidney may improve patient care and support the selection of an effective and nephroprotective treatment strategy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers Profile and Biomolecular Signaling in Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies)

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16 pages, 985 KiB

Open AccessReview

Laboratory and Metabolomic Fingerprint in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Clinical Classification to Biomarker Signature

by Alberto Palazzuoli, Francesco Tramonte and Matteo Beltrami

Biomolecules 2023, 13(1), 173; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13010173 - 13 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2585

Abstract

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a poorly characterized syndrome with many unknown aspects related to different patient profiles, various associated risk factors and a wide range of aetiologies. It comprises several pathophysiological pathways, such as endothelial dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, extracellular matrix deposition and intense inflammatory system activation. Until now, HFpEF has only been described with regard to clinical features and its most commonly associated risk factors, disregarding all biological mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular deteriorations. Recently, innovations in laboratory and metabolomic findings have shown that HFpEF appears to be strictly related to specific cells and molecular mechanisms’ dysregulation. Indeed, some biomarkers are efficient in early identification of these processes, adding new insights into diagnosis and risk stratification. Moreover, recent advances in intermediate metabolites provide relevant information on intrinsic cellular and energetic substrate alterations. Therefore, a systematic combination of clinical imaging and laboratory findings may lead to a ‘precision medicine’ approach providing prognostic and therapeutic advantages. The current review reports traditional and emerging biomarkers in HFpEF and it purposes a new diagnostic approach based on integrative information achieved from risk factor burden, hemodynamic dysfunction and biomarkers’ signature partnership. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers Profile and Biomolecular Signaling in Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies)

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12 pages, 978 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Biomolecular Mechanisms of Cardiorenal Protection with Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors

by Francesca Romana Prandi, Lucy Barone, Dalgisio Lecis, Martina Belli, Domenico Sergi, Marialucia Milite, Stamatios Lerakis, Francesco Romeo and Francesco Barillà

Biomolecules 2022, 12(10), 1349; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12101349 - 22 Sep 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2097

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, primarily from cardiovascular and renal diseases. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) are novel drugs for the treatment of type 2 DM and heart failure (HF). SGLT2-Is mediate protective effects on both the renal and cardiovascular systems. This review addresses the current knowledge on the biomolecular mechanisms of the cardiorenal protective effects of SGLT2-Is, which appear to act mainly through non-glucose-mediated pathways. Cardiorenal protection mechanisms lead to reduced chronic renal disease progression and improved myocardial and coronary endothelial function. Concomitantly, it is possible to observe reflected changes in biomarkers linked with diabetic kidney disease and HF. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers Profile and Biomolecular Signaling in Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies)

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