Crosstalk Between the Immune and Nervous Systems

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 812

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
Interests: synapse; microglia; astrocyte; developmental disorder; neuroinflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, we invite papers that explore recent discoveries concerning the intricate interplay between the nervous and immune systems. We welcome submissions covering topics such as neuroinflammation, non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS), the CNS interface, such as meninges and cerebral blood vessels, and the neurovascular unit. In particular, we are interested in reviews or research articles addressing contentious concepts in interdisciplinary research linking neuroscience and immunology.

To date, it has emerged that non-neuronal cells in the CNS regulate brain architecture and homeostasis. On the other hand, their precise fundamental roles remain unclear. In this Special Issue, we are recruiting papers addressing the following key questions regarding neuroimmune systems: How do macrophages at the CNS interface regulate brain structure and function? How do glia control the neuroimmune system? What are the physiological roles linking the parenchyma and CNS interface? How do immune cells in the non-parenchyma space affect brain homeostasis and function? What are the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders? We will accept all types of papers, including research articles, short communications, and reviews, with a particular focus on recent studies on this issue. 

Dr. Fuminori Tsuruta
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microglia
  • astrocytes
  • macrophages
  • cerebral blood vessels
  • cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
  • meninges
  • immune cells
  • neuroinflammation
  • neurodegenerative disorders
  • psychiatric disorders

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 1213 KiB  
Review
The Meninges as CNS Interfaces and the Roles of Meningeal Macrophages
by Chihiro Hiraki and Fuminori Tsuruta
Biomolecules 2025, 15(4), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15040497 - 28 Mar 2025
Viewed by 448
Abstract
The brain, the most important component of the central nervous system (CNS), is protected by multiple intricate barriers that strictly regulate the entry of proteins and cells. Thus, the brain is often described as an organ with immune privilege. Within the brain parenchyma, [...] Read more.
The brain, the most important component of the central nervous system (CNS), is protected by multiple intricate barriers that strictly regulate the entry of proteins and cells. Thus, the brain is often described as an organ with immune privilege. Within the brain parenchyma, microglia are thought to be the primary resident immune cells, with no other immune-related cells present under normal conditions. On the other hand, recent studies in the meningeal border regions have revealed the presence of meningeal-specific lymphatic vessels and channels that connect to the skull bone marrow. Importantly, resident macrophage populations specific to these boundary regions, known as CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs) or border-associated macrophages (BAMs), have been identified. In contrast to the brain parenchyma, the meninges contain many immune-related structures and cells, making them an important immune interface at the CNS border. CAMs serve a dual function, triggering immune responses under pathological conditions and supporting the maintenance of brain homeostasis. This review focuses on the immune architecture of the meninges and the roles of CAMs in humans and mice, summarizing and discussing recent advances in this field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crosstalk Between the Immune and Nervous Systems)
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