Diet and Immune Response

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 953

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Interests: the intersection between diet and microbes and the immune system

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue on diet and immune responses.

During the past decades, it has become increasingly clear that diet influences our immune systems in various ways, both directly and indirectly. Both macronutrients (proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) and micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) may affect the strength of an immune reaction towards microbes or how efficiently an inflammation is resolved. Moreover, some food components may, on their own, induce an inflammatory response or increase immune protection. Even though our understanding of how nutrients and food-related components interact with the immune system has grown dramatically,  many questions regarding both mechanisms of action and the action of specific molecules (naturally occurring or formed as a result of food processing) are yet to be answered. Such knowledge is imperative for producing healthy and sustainable food in the future.

This Special Issue aims to increase our knowledge and understanding of how nutrients or their derivatives interact with immune system cells and how this may impact immune responses induced by microorganisms or tissue damage.

In this Special Issue, we welcome original research articles and reviews. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • The action of a specific nutrient on immune system cells.
  • Comparison of the immunomodulating action of different molecules within a group of nutrients (e.g., lipids).
  • Unraveling specific molecular mechanisms that are affected by a dietary component.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Hanne Frøkiær
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 17475 KiB  
Article
Small Spleen Peptides (SSPs) Shape Dendritic Cell Differentiation through Modulation of Extracellular ATP Synthesis Profile
by Viktor Wixler, Rafael Leite Dantas, Georg Varga, Yvonne Boergeling and Stephan Ludwig
Biomolecules 2024, 14(4), 469; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14040469 - 11 Apr 2024
Viewed by 597
Abstract
Restoring peripheral immune tolerance is crucial for addressing autoimmune diseases. An ancient mechanism in maintaining the balance between inflammation and tolerance is the ratio of extracellular ATP (exATP) and adenosine. Our previous research demonstrated the effectiveness of small spleen peptides (SSPs) in inhibiting [...] Read more.
Restoring peripheral immune tolerance is crucial for addressing autoimmune diseases. An ancient mechanism in maintaining the balance between inflammation and tolerance is the ratio of extracellular ATP (exATP) and adenosine. Our previous research demonstrated the effectiveness of small spleen peptides (SSPs) in inhibiting psoriatic arthritis progression, even in the presence of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, by transforming dendritic cells (DCs) into tolerogenic cells and fostering regulatory Foxp3+ Treg cells. Here, we identified thymosins as the primary constituents of SSPs, but recombinant thymosin peptides were less efficient in inhibiting arthritis than SSPs. Since Tβ4 is an ecto-ATPase-binding protein, we hypothesized that SSPs regulate exATP profiles. Real-time investigation of exATP levels in DCs revealed that tolerogenic stimulation led to robust de novo exATP synthesis followed by significant degradation, while immunogenic stimulation resulted in a less pronounced increase in exATP and less effective degradation. These contrasting exATP profiles were crucial in determining whether DCs entered an inflammatory or tolerogenic state, highlighting the significance of SSPs as natural regulators of peripheral immunological tolerance, with potential therapeutic benefits for autoimmune diseases. Finally, we demonstrated that the tolerogenic phenotype of SSPs is mainly influenced by adenosine receptors, and in vivo administration of SSPs inhibits psoriatic skin inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet and Immune Response)
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