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Processes, Volume 9, Issue 5

May 2021 - 175 articles

Cover Story: Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology, where biofilm grows on the protected surfaces of small carrier elements, has become a proven technology for nitrogen removal in sidestream deammonification processes implemented at more than 30 full-scale facilities worldwide. Lessons learned have shown that the MBBR, with its slow-growing anammox bacteria safely retained in the reactor, provides a stable and robust system, but it has also become clear that dedicated control strategies should be in place, especially for more complex wastewaters such as reject water from thermal hydrolysis processes (THP). With real-time optimisation using online sensors, long-term stability is secured and operation facilitated. View this paper
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Articles (175)

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,666 Views
13 Pages

20 May 2021

This paper presents a control-oriented Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) model for commercial vehicle air brake systems with the electro-pneumatic proportional valve based on the nonlinear mathematical model, a set of discrete-time linearized models at...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,696 Views
24 Pages

Offset-Free Economic MPC Based on Modifier Adaptation: Investigation of Several Gradient-Estimation Techniques

  • Marco Vaccari,
  • Dominique Bonvin,
  • Federico Pelagagge and
  • Gabriele Pannocchia

20 May 2021

Various offset-free economic model predictive control schemes that include a disturbance model and the modifier-adaptation principle have been proposed in recent years. These schemes are able to reach plant optimality asymptotically even in the prese...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
3,495 Views
20 Pages

20 May 2021

Whole-plant corn silage is a predominant forage for livestock that is processed in Heilongjiang province (Daqing city and Longjiang county), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Helin county and Tumet Left Banner) and Shanxi province (Taigu and Shanyin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,472 Views
20 Pages

20 May 2021

The solar chimney power plant system (abbreviated as SCPPS) is a clean and pollution-free facility for generating electric power. To improve the generating efficiency, a bank of baffles can be arranged under the collector in SCPPS. ANSYS Fluent 18.2...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
6,009 Views
23 Pages

Multi-Step Subcritical Water Extracts of Fucus vesiculosus L. and Codium tomentosum Stackhouse: Composition, Health-Benefits and Safety

  • Cristina Soares,
  • Paula Paíga,
  • Marta Marques,
  • Tânia Neto,
  • Ana Paula Carvalho,
  • Alexandre Paiva,
  • Pedro Simões,
  • Leonor Costa,
  • Ana Bernardo and
  • Naiara Fernández
  • + 5 authors

19 May 2021

Mental health and active aging are two of the main concerns in the 21st century. To search for new neuroprotective compounds, extracts of Codium tomentosum Stackhouse and Fucus vesiculosus L. were obtained through multi-step (four step) subcritical w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,455 Views
13 Pages

Propylene Glycol Improves Stability of the Anti-Inflammatory Compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis Extract

  • Tseng-Ting Kao,
  • Ming-Chao Wang,
  • Yi-Hsuan Chen,
  • Yu-Tung Chung and
  • Pai-An Hwang

19 May 2021

Scutellaria baicalensis root extracts have been useful for external skin care and have been commercialized for years. Here, a comprehensive study was conducted to investigate the difference between 20% propylene glycol (PG) and water used as the stor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,825 Views
10 Pages

A Modeling Application for GHG Fluxes Estimates in Betel Nuts Plantations in Taiwan

  • Adriano Palma,
  • Chen-Yeon Chu,
  • Francesco Petracchini,
  • Mei-Ling Yeh,
  • Cheng-Ting Wu and
  • Yu-Chen Lai

19 May 2021

Perennial woody crops could have a positive impact on carbon balance, absorbing carbon during growing season and storing it for several years, whereas annual crops do not have this particular effect. Usually, techniques for GHG (greenhouse gases) flu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,829 Views
17 Pages

Effect of Heat Resource Effectiveness Change on Rice Potential Yield in Southern China

  • Qing Ye,
  • Xiaoguang Yang,
  • Wenjuan Xie,
  • Junmeng Yao and
  • Zhe Cai

19 May 2021

During the rice growing season, farmers’ decisions about cropping systems and seed varieties directly affect the utilization of heat resource, and eventually affect the potential yield. In this study, we used the hourly accumulated temperature model...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,881 Views
11 Pages

19 May 2021

The use of extended standard functional analysis of maintenance in the design phase of vehicle structure analysis is presented for the first time, where a matrix of the degree of importance of modules or parts, a matrix size between costs and benefit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,922 Views
21 Pages

Study on Hull Optimization Process Considering Operational Efficiency in Waves

  • Beom-Soo Kim,
  • Min-Jae Oh,
  • Jae-Hoon Lee,
  • Yong-Hwan Kim and
  • Myung-Il Roh

19 May 2021

This study investigates the optimization of the hull form of a tanker, considering the operational efficiency in waves, in accordance with the recent Energy Efficiency Design Index regulation. For this purpose, the total resistance and speed loss of...

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Processes - ISSN 2227-9717