Processes, Volume 9, Issue 4

There is increasing demand among consumers for food products free of chemical preservatives, minimally processed and have fresh-like natural flavors. To meet these growing demands, the industries and researchers are finding alternative processing met...

Typical controllers for fed-batch cultivations are based on the estimation and control of the specific growth rate in real time. Biocalorimetry allows one to measure a heat signal proportional to the substrate consumed by cells. The derivative of thi...

To improve the fluidization of the fluidized bed in ironmaking, the particle loss and bonding during the fluidized bed are largely removed by changing the properties of the particle surface or by adding an external field. Currently, the vibration, ma...

This work studied the production of mead using second category honey and the immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in sodium alginate, with concentrations of 2% and 4%, and their reuse in five successive fermentations. The immobilized cells w...

During the bioethanol production process, vast amounts of residues are generated as process waste. To extract more value from lignocellulosic biomass and improve process economics, these residues should be used as feedstock in additional processes fo...

Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) is a green separation technique which uses mixtures of water and environmentally benign polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) as solvents. One of the challenges in implementing this extraction on an industrial...

Gas diffusion layers (GDLs) play a critical role in anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) water management. In this work, the effect of GDL thickness on the cell performance of the AEMFC was experimentally investigated. Three GDLs with different...

Naturally occurring substances or polymeric biomolecules synthesized by living organisms during their entire life cycle are commonly defined as biopolymers. Different classifications of biopolymers have been proposed, focusing on their monomeric unit...

This paper describes a case study of surface subsidence in the Hongling Lead-Zinc Mine. Hongling Lead-Zinc Mine is located in Inner Mongolia, China, about 240 km away from the border between China and Mongolia. There is a batch of outcrops of the nea...

Fe-Cu materials were synthesized using the chemical plating method from Fe powder and CuSO₄ 5% solution and then characterized for surface morphology, composition and structure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrosco...

To simultaneously reduce automobile exhaust pollution to the environment and satisfy the demand for high-quality gasoline, the treatment of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline is urgently needed to minimize octane number (RON) loss. We presented...

This paper proposes a new efficient two-step method for parametrizing control-oriented zero-dimensional physical polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) models with measured stack data. Parametrizations of these models are computationally inte...

Gasification with supercritical water is an efficient process that can be used for the valorization of biomass. Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer in biomass and its conversion is fundamental for future energy and value-added chemicals. In...

This study investigates the enhancement of the rate of evaporation from a nanoengineered solid surface using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. Four different types of surface modifications were introduced to examine the thermal transport...

Background: N-heptyl-D-galactonamide (GalC7) is a small synthetic carbohydrate derivative that forms a biocompatible supramolecular hydrogel. In this study, the objective was to analyze more in-depth how neural cells differentiate in contact with Gal...

Viburnum is a genus of colorful and ornamental plants popular in landscape design on account of their high esthetic appeal. The physical properties of viburnum seeds have not been investigated in the literature to date. Therefore, the aim of this stu...

With the dramatic increase of photovoltaic (PV) module installation in solar energy-based industries, the methods for recovering waste solar generators should be emphasized as the backup of the PV market for environmental protection. Crystalline-sili...

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is preventable, but the methods for assessing risk and monitoring response rely on imprecise lipid-based assessments. Recently, we have shown that an integrated genetic–epigenetic test that includes three methylation-sens...

The enzymatic transesterification of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) oil was carried out using Novozym 435 (immobilized lipase from Candida antartica) to produce biodiesel. A response surface modelling design was performed to investigate the relationsh...

Ostracoda species are indicators of their current and past environment (paleoenvironment). The study aims to evaluate the acute and chronic sensitivities of a freshwater ostracod species (Eucypris sp.) to agricultural pesticides (a cypermethrin-based...

The flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluids has an extensive range of applications in oceanography, the cooling of metallic plates, melt-spinning, the movement of biological fluids, heat exchangers technology, coating and suspensions. In v...

Cucumaria frondosa is the main sea cucumber species harvested from Newfoundland waters. During processing, the viscera of sea cucumber are usually discarded as waste. As a matter of fact, sea cucumber viscera are abundant in various nutrients and pro...

Chemical process engineering and machine learning are merging rapidly, and hybrid process models have shown promising results in process analysis and process design. However, uncertainties in first-principles process models have an adverse effect on...

To solve the housing damage problem of a fractured compressor blade (CB) caused by an impact on the inner casing of a gas turbine in the seventh stage (from 15 stages), modifications of the trailing edge (TE) of the CB have been proposed, namely 6.5...

Ni-based catalysts supported on alumina derived from the pseudo-boehmite prepared by the impregnation method were employed for catalytic dry reforming of methane reaction at the temperature of 550–750 °C. The effect of calcination temperature on phys...

Environmental problems associated with the growing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the burning of fossil fuels to satisfy the high demand for energy are a pressing concern. Therefore, the design of new materials for carbon dioxide s...

Currently, there is still a need for broad-spectrum antibiotics. The new cephalosporin antibiotics include, among others, ceftobiprole, a fifth-generation gram-positive cephalosporin, active against Staphylococcus aureus methicillin agonist (MRSA). T...

Previous studies identified that extracts of Talinum triangulare rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids showed antioxidative and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, the L9 orthogonal array was used to determine the optimal extraction condition...

Finite control set model predictive torque control (FCS-MPTC) strategy has been widely used in induction motor (IM) control due to its fast response characteristic. Although the dynamics of the FCS-MPTC method are highly commended, its steady-state p...

The authors wish to remove every commercial reference reported in the discussion of the published paper in Processes [...]

In the present study, we applied extrusion-cooking to polished rice flour so as to prepare gluten-free pasta. The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of feed moisture (28, 30 and 32%) and screw speed (60, 80 and 100 rpm) on selected rice pa...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cryoconcentration assisted by centrifugation-filtration on the bioactive compounds and the microbiological quality of aqueous maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) and calafate (Berberis...

Renal fibrosis is a hallmark event in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Considerable evidence now supports that multiple intracellular signaling pathways are critically involved in renal fibrosis. Previously, our studies have shown that dysre...

As part of our ongoing research on phytoconstituents that can act as promising antimicrobial agents, the essential oils of nine selected Apiaceae plants, cultivated in Poland, were studied. The volatiles of the aerial parts with fruits (herba cum fru...

Taiwan has a sound solid waste recycling system, and waste-to-energy is attractive under the encouragement policy and economic feasibility, especially in central and southern regions with vast agricultural wastes. The four scenarios evaluated in this...

Considering some unmeasurable states, a fuzzy static output control problem of nonlinear stochastic systems is discussed in this paper. Based on a modelling approach, a Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy system, constructed by a family of stochastic different...

To solve a number of technological issues, it is advisable to use mathematical modeling, which will allow us to obtain the dependences of the influence of the technological parameters of chemical and thermal treatment processes on forming the depth o...

A Pseudomonas citronellolis strain was isolated from drilling waste (DW). This strain utilizes DW as the sole energy and carbon source to produce biosurfactants (BSs). The BS produced was thermally stable, amorphous and includes a peptide structure....

The solar gasification of biomass represents a promising avenue in which both renewable solar and biomass energy can be utilized in a single process to produce synthesis gas. The type of oxidant plays a key role in solar-driven biomass gasification p...

The large-scale adoption of fuel cells system for sustainable power generation will require the combined use of both multidimensional models and of dedicated testing techniques, in order to evolve the current technology beyond its present status. Thi...

Fixed bed reactors are widely used in the chemical, nuclear and process industry. Due to the solid particle arrangement and its resulting non-homogeneous radial void fraction distribution, the heat transfer of this reactor type is inhibited, especial...

To date, parallel simulation algorithms for spiking neural P (SNP) systems are based on a matrix representation. This way, the simulation is implemented with linear algebra operations, which can be easily parallelized on high performance computing pl...

Organic solid waste is considered a renewable resource that can be converted by various technologies into valuable products. Conventional thermophilic composting (TC), a well-studied and mature technology, can be applied to organic solid waste treatm...

In recent years, manufacturing companies have been continuously engaging in research for the full implementation of smart factories, with many studies on methods to prevent facility failures that directly affect the productivity of the manufacturing...

Production of bio-based materials in biorefineries is coupled with the generation of organic-rich process-wastewater that requires further management. Anaerobic technologies can be employed as a tool for the rectification of such hazardous by-product...

The concept of algae biorefinery is attracting attention because of the abundant valuable compounds within algal biomass. Phenyllactic acid (PhLA), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial organic acid that can be produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), is con...

Pathogenic microbial contamination is significantly influenced by the crop surface properties and surfactant use, which are crucial factors for the postharvest washing process. However, there is little information on the interaction between surfactan...

Transition metal hydroxides have attracted a lot of attention as the electrode materials for supercapacitors owing to their relatively high theoretical capacity, low cost, and facile preparation methods. However, their low intrinsic conductivity dete...

Goat milk has become a popular item of human consumption due to its originality. Enterococci are ubiquitous bacteria, and they can also be found in traditional dairy products. This study focuses on the safety of enterococci from Slovak raw goat milk...

The prediction of epileptic seizures is crucial to aid patients in gaining early warning and taking effective intervention. Several features have been explored to predict the onset via electroencephalography signals, which are typically non-stationar...